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Orientador: Clesio Luis Tozzi / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T18:52:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tambur_GabrieldosSantos_M.pdf: 6836328 bytes, checksum: a9f9ee22e341720b36aab9a7e3566604 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Neste trabalho foi desenvolvida uma metodologia para inspeção visual e automática de carga de grãos em vagões ferroviários que utiliza técnicas de processamento de imagens. A metodologia inclui três etapas principais: a localização do vagão na imagem utilizando a transformada de Hough, a descrição da carga usando cor e textura, e a identificação de regiões com possíveis objetos sobrepostos. A avaliação dos resultados foi feita a partir de imagens reais e simuladas. A abordagem proposta mostrou-se adequada para os objetivos especificados / Abstract: This work proposes the development of a methodology to scan visually and automatically the grain cargo in railway cars using image processing techniques. The methodology is composed by three main steps: the localization of the railway car in the image using the Hough Transform, the description of the cargo using its color and texture, and the identification of regions with possibly overlaid objects. The assessment of the results was done through real and simulated images. The proposed methodology proved to be adequate for the specified objectives / Mestrado / Engenharia de Computação / Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica

Host-parasite interactions are complex, involving host behaviour, host condition, and possible antagonism or mutualism between co-occurring parasites. The white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) is a small, abundant, generalist rodent, and the primary host for the black-legged tick (Ixodes scapularis) in its larval stage. Since larval ticks do not actively pursue their hosts (they wait for possible hosts to come to them), individual differences in mouse exploratory behaviour might be expected to correlate with tick burden. However, mice may also prevent tick attachment with defensive behaviour such as grooming. Yet, the relationships between tick parasitism and host exploratory and grooming behaviours have never been assessed. I analysed data from a capture-mark-recapture study conducted over 5 summers (2016-2020) in eastern Ontario, Canada, in which 1,035 mice were captured a total of 4,333 times. The probability of tick parasitism occurring and being more intense was significantly higher when the mouse was also parasitized by fleas, suggesting co-occurrence of these two parasites on host mice. A total of 510 mice were subjected to an open-field test to quantify exploratory and grooming behaviours. Exploration had a negative relationship with tick presence and a positive relation with flea presence. Most interestingly, there was a significant “tick × flea” interaction on exploratory behaviour such that fleas were positively associated with exploration only when ticks were absent. Surprisingly, there was no relationship between grooming behaviour in the open-field test and parasite presence, although grooming increased with mouse activity. This study shows that co-occurring parasite species (ticks and fleas) may interact to affect their host’s exploratory behaviour. Alternatively, individual differences in exploratory behaviour of hosts may differentially affect their susceptibility to being infested with ticks, fleas, or both. Future manipulative studies should use experimental design to determine the causality of the parasitism-behaviour relationships observed.

Effective management of forest resources requires reliable and timely information on their status. In this regard, remote sensing techniques have played an important role, as they allow collection of data on extensive, remote and inaccessible areas. Historically, aerial photographs were the primary remote sensing data source in forest inventory and mapping, and they are still extensively for visual photo-interpretation. In this thesis, we show that their use can be improved thanks to automatic processing and an application using digitised orthophotos is provided. Satellite-based remote sensing has been regarded as an alternative, low-cost and rapid, data source to aerial photography and ground survey. Indeed, it has proved to be effective at the continental and global scales, but applications for local forest management purposes are still rare. The main reason for this is that the spatial resolution of satellite remote sensing data that was available until recently (mainly from Landsat TM/ETM and SPOT HRV) was too coarse for stand level information. Satellite images with enhanced spatial resolution (such as IKONOS) should overcome this limitation. This thesis investigates their actual capabilities for forest stand mapping and characterisation. We show that they are well suited for forest stand type classification and for retrieval of several dendrometric variables in coniferous stands with an accuracy similar to that of field sampling. For the sake of solutions to provide more precise and detailed information on forest stand, we assessed also the contribution of hyperspectral and multiple-view angle data acquired by CHRIS/PROBA. Although the winter season scene did not fully permit utilisation of the hyperspectral dimension of this dataset, the study provides insights into directional effects. This work makes, hopefully, a step towards automated processing and effective integration of satellite-based remote sensing data into the forest management information system and, by upscaling, into the national forest inventories.

Aim of this project is to evaluate effectivity of various texture features within the context of image processing, particulary the task of texture recognition and classification. My work focuses on comparing and discussion of usage and efficiency of texture features based on local binary patterns and co- ccurence matrices. As classification algorithm is concerned, cluster analysis was choosen.

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