This study was designed to examine two questions. First, does increasing Myers-Briggs Type similarity correlate with improved performance by counselor supervisor/supervisee dyads? Second, is the Communication Style Adjustment Index superior to the cognitive style scale matching procedure as a method of quantifying MBTI similarity in dyads? Sixty-eight supervisor/supervisee dyads were recruited from University of North Texas Counselor Education Master's level practicum classes. Supervisee class rankings and supervisor performance ratings were correlated with the dyads' MBTI similarity as measured by the Communication Style Adjustment Index and the cognitive style matching procedure. While none of the hypotheses were supported it was noted that there was interaction approaching significance between dyadic similarity using the Communication Style Adjustment Index and supervisor performance ratings.

The basis for this study was work done by Joy Reid (1987) of Colorado State University. Reid's work analyzed the pref erred perceptual learning styles of several groups of English as a Second Language students and one group of American students. The learning styles concept has been established on the theory that students have a particular mode through which they learn best. The learning styles analyzed in this study were: auditory, visual, kinesthetic, tactile, individual, and group. The objectives of this study were to determine the relationships that exist between the preferred perceptual learning styles of P.R.C. and American students and such variables as country where student is studying, native language, length of time in the U.S., and sex.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Background: Gross anatomy is a foundational medical school course upon which other courses and patient care is grounded; however, variability in student performance suggests potential in studying underlying non-academic factors to explain some of these inconsistencies. Thus, this study examined medical students’ implicit theories of intelligence (ITI) and grit in order to better understand student learning outcomes in gross anatomy. Methods: A mixed methods study was conducted using 2nd, 3rd, and 4th year medical students who successfully completed gross anatomy. Students (n=382) completed the ITI Scale and Short Grit Scale in order to identify individual’s ITI and grit scores. Subsequent interviews (n=25) were conducted to explore how medical students set goals, operated while reaching those goals, and monitored their progress in achieving those goals. Results: Entity and incremental theorists with high grit performed significantly better in gross anatomy when compared to those with low grit. Further, highly gritty incremental and entity theorists were hard workers and showed resilience in the face of challenges. Specifically, those with an entity ITI had the central goal of getting an honors grade, while those with an incremental ITI desired to understand and apply their anatomical knowledge. Conversely, low grit individuals became overwhelmed by challenges, were more likely to show an inconsistent work ethic, and questioned their ability to master the material. An individual’s ITI, more so than grit, drove the presence of negative emotions in a medical student, with entity theorists feeling anxious and vulnerable, and incremental theorists feeling fewer negative emotions. Finally, grit level moderated how a medical student would respond to negative emotions, with highly gritty individuals exhibiting more constructive coping mechanisms. Conclusions: These findings suggest that medical students who possess high grit and an incremental theory of intelligence have the most effective learning strategies, set achievable goals, and enlist effective coping mechanisms while learning gross anatomy. The findings and tools used in this study could be incorporated into the medical school admissions process. Finally, findings reinforce the value of examining the ITI and grit of medical students, as they can provide educators with insight regarding important non-academic factors driving learning in gross anatomy.

Объектом исследования стали когнитивные стили. Предметом исследования является взаимосвязь когнитивных стилей, отличие когнитивных стилей у девушек и юношей. Магистерская диссертация состоит из введения, двух глав, заключения, списка литературы (53 источника) и приложений, включающих в себя бланки применявшихся методик, таблицу результатов корреляционного анализа. Объем магистерской диссертации 103 страницы, на которых размещены 6 рисунков и 10 таблиц. Во введении раскрывается актуальность проблемы исследования, разработанность проблематики, ставятся цель и задачи исследования, определяются объект и предмет исследования, формулируются гипотезы, указываются методы и эмпирическая база. Первая главы включает в себя обзор иностранной и отечественной литературы по теме исследования, описание подходов к изучению когнитивных стилей, их виды и положение в системе познавательной деятельности. Выводы по первой главе представляют собой итоги по изучению теоретического материала. Третья глава посвящена эмпирической части исследования. В ней представлено описание организации и методов проведенного исследования и результатов, полученных по всем использованным методам: Опросник AHS (Koo и Choi), методика «Копирование сложной фигуры Рея-Остеррица» (J. H. Bernstein, D. P. Waber), методика оценки стилей мышления К.Безингер, методика «Включенные фигуры» (Witkin, Oltman, Raskin, Karp), методика «Сравнение похожих рисунков (The Matching Familiar Figures Test), методика свободных ассоциаций (Gardner, Holzman, Klein, Linton, Spence), опросник для выявления вербального-визуального стиля мышления (Richardson). Выводы по главе 2 включают в себя основные результаты эмпирического исследования. В заключении в обобщенном виде изложены результаты теоретической и эмпирической частей работы, а также выводы по выдвинутым гипотезам, обоснована практическая значимость исследования. / The object of the study was cognitive styles. The subject of the study was the relationship of cognitive styles, the difference of cognitive styles at girls and boys. The master's thesis consists of an introduction, two chapters, conclusion, a list of literature (53 sources) and applications, including forms of applied methods, a table of the results of the correlation analysis. The volume of the master's thesis is 103 pages, on which are placed 6 figures and 10 tables. The introduction reveals the relevance of the research problem, the development of the problem, the purpose and objectives of the research, the object and subject of the research, hypothesis are formulated, the methods and the empirical base are indicated. The first chapter includes a review of foreign and domestic literature on the research topic, a description of approaches to the study of cognitive styles, their types and position in the system of cognitive activity. Conclusions on the first chapter are the results of the study of theoretical material. The third Chapter is devoted to the empirical part of the study. It describes the organization and methods studies and the results obtained for all methodologies used: AHS questionnaire (Koo and Choi), the technique of “Copying a complex figure of Ray-Osterritz” (JH Bernstein, DP Waber), a technique for assessing the thinking styles of K. Bezinger, the method of “Included figures” (Witkin, Oltman, Raskin, Karp), the method of “ Comparison of similar figures (The Matching Familiar Figures Test), the method of free associations (Gardner, Holzman, Klein, Linton, Spence), a questionnaire to identify the verbal-visual style of thinking (Richardson).. The conclusions of Chapter 2 include the main results of the empirical study. In conclusion, the results of the theoretical and empirical parts of the work, as well as conclusions on the hypotheses put forward, the practical significance of the study.

The problem of this study was to determine whether learning styles of students affect their math achievement scores on the Texas Assessment of Academic Skills Test. The research questions addressed relevant to this study were: 1. Is there a positive correlation between students' learning styles and their achievement test scores in mathematics? 2. Is there a positive correlation between specific sub group's (as deemed by the state of Texas) and gender's learning styles and their achievement test scores in mathematics? The Pearson Product Moment Correlation coefficient and the Point-biserial correlation analysis was applied to the data collected from 500 fifth grade students attending a North Texas Intermediate school. The significance level was established at the .05 level. Part of the data was the student's responses to the Learning Style Inventory by Dunn, Dunn and Price. The findings established that the learning style preferences of all students in the area of persistence significantly impacted their math achievement scores. Gender and ethnicity were mitigating factors in the findings. These learning style preferences significantly impacted achievement in the following ways: * Caucasian students' preference of a high level of persistence in completing a difficult task. * Hispanic students' preference for a warm learning environment and motivational factor of pleasing the teacher. * Afro-American students' preference for kinesthetic learning. * Female students' learning style preferences appear in: - the design of the learning environment - the need for intake of food and/or drink - a high level of responsibility - a high sense of self-motivation , of teacher and of parent motivation. * Male students' learning style preferences appear in: - a warm learning environment - a high level of responsibility - the need for intake of food and/or drink - a high sense of teacher and of parent motivation - a late morning learning In summary, the author suggests that supplying the teachers with information concerning students' learning style preferences will benefit student achievement.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between adult learners' preferred learning style and preference for delivery mode. The subjects (n=61) were technical and billing support call center employees from an Internet company in Dallas, Texas. The participants were randomly assigned to one of six groups and given Kolb's Learning Style Inventory to assess their preference for learning style. They received training on three modules of “Influencing Others Positively,” with each module delivered via one of three methods (web-based, classroom, and blended). Participants were also administered two surveys. The first survey collected demographic information and asked which method that they expected they would prefer. The second survey was administered after the course and asked them to rank their preferences for delivery method. It was hypothesized that learning style would be significantly associated with preference for delivery method. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and a chi-square test of independence for the variables learning style and preferred mode of delivery. Although the chi-square test of independence did not produce statistical significance, some interesting trends were identified in the data. Specifically, a majority of the participants preferred a blended approach to training delivery (a combination of self-paced web-based training and classroom group exercises). No Divergers preferred classroom training and no Accommodators preferred web-based training. Additionally, a logistic regression analysis indicated that Assimilators were six times more likely than Divergers to prefer a blended approach to training (p=.10). Further studies should utilize other learning style theories, explore different types of learning outcomes and delivery methods, and include a larger sample from different organizations. Training needs assessments should include learning style inventories as part of the audience analysis prior to training development.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:27:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Eliana Santos Pereira.pdf: 340069 bytes, checksum: b050c3af2691b77411f0a3bdecad79bc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-12-14 / Learning styles of student s enrolled in online graduate courses is seldom researched. Thesefore, the purpose of this research was to analyze student s perceptions of online courses and their learning styles. Others objectives were: to describe student s profiles, according to sex, age and learning styles in the modality of distance learning. The sample was composed of 104 student s (37 males and 67 females), ages raking from 19 to 56 years old, living in Sa? Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul. A scale of learning styles was elaborated with the following styles: environmental, sociologic, physiologic and psychological. This scale has 67 items, Likert type, and five open questions about student s satisfaction in that learning form modality. The validety of this scale was obtained from four judges. The statistics analyzes used were: Univariate Analyzes of Variance and the Pearson Correlation. Student s profile was composed by type of educational a course, course level, area of knowledge, age group, municipality where was located the presently course, sex and social economic condition. Significant effect were noticed only to the emotional style and age groups. Concluding learning styles can change according human development stage and, that online learning strategies should consider this opecity in the definition of teaching to be used. / Considerando-se que os estilos de aprender dos alunos matriculados em cursos superiores ? dist?ncia online ? pouco pesquisado, o prop?sito deste estudo foi de analisar a percep??o destes estudantes quanto ? adequa??o da modalidade de ensino ? dist?ncia aos seus estilos de aprender. Outros objetivos delineados foram caracterizar perfis dos alunos online, quanto ao sexo, faixa et?ria, predomin?ncia de estilo preferencial de aprender na modalidade de ensino ? dist?ncia. A amostra foi composta por 104 estudantes paulistas e ga?chos, sendo 37 do sexo masculino e 67 do sexo feminino, alocados em tr?s faixas et?rias, uma de 19 a 30 anos, a segunda dos 31 aos 42 anos, e a terceira e ?ltima, dos 43 aos 56 anos. Uma escala de estilos de aprender foi elaborada, abrangendo os seguintes tipos de estilos: ambiental, emocional, sociol?gico, fisiol?gico e psicol?gico. Comp?em esta escala 67 itens, tipo Likert, e cinco quest?es abertas sobre a satisfa??o dos alunos nesta modalidade de ensino. A validade do conte?do desta escala foi obtida por meio de quatro ju?zes. As an?lises estat?sticas utilizadas foram, An?lise de Vari?ncia Univariada e a Correla??o de Pearson. O perfil do aluno que estudam online foi composto por curso, n?vel de curso, ?rea de conhecimento, faixa et?ria, munic?pio em que estava localizado o p?lo presencial, sexo e condi??o socioecon?mica. Foram observados efeito significativo somente para o estilo emocional e faixa et?ria. Conclui-se que, os estilos de aprender podem alterar segundo a etapa de desenvolvimento humano e, que as estrat?gias de ensino online devem considerar esta vari?vel na defini??o das t?cnicas utilizadas nesta modalidade.

Dans cette étude de recherche, nous allons explorer les caractéristiques d’apprentissage des élèves de différents styles cognitifs de l’enseignement secondaire en Chine. Plusieurs études, y compris notre dernière recherche, ont mis en avant le fait que les étudiants universitaires des différents styles cognitifs ont manifesté différentes caractéristiques d’apprentissage. Dans notre travail précédent, nous avons constaté que les connaissances mathématiques sont essentielles pour l’apprentissage de la statistique. En même temps, les étudiants chinois des différents parcours d’étude ont manifesté différents styles cognitifs. De plus, certaines études ont montré les caractéristiques de la généralisation dans l’apprentissage des élèves chinois qui renvoie aux caractéristiques de l’apprentissage de la langue chinoise. Comme tous les étudiants chinois ne font pas leurs études dans le même contexte scolaire et le développement des styles cognitifs sont étroitement lié l’adaptation socioculturelle, nous nous somme intéressé aux relations entre les trois éléments qui sont respectivement le contexte culturel, les caractéristiques d’apprentissage et les styles cognitifs. Ainsi, en tant qu’une étude de continuation, cette thèse se concentre sur les caractéristiques d’apprentissage des mathématiques des lycéens chinois des différents établissements et des différents styles cognitifs. A travers cette thèse, nous visons dans un premier temps à valider des résultats qui sont mis au jour par différentes études recherches de différents contextes culturels. Ensuite, comme la sélection des élèves de chaque établissement est basée sur les concours nationaux qui joue un rôle essentiel à déterminer le contexte scolaire, nous nous intéressons spécifiquement aux styles cognitifs dépendant-indépendants à l’égard du champ et styles cognitifs réflexivité-impulsivité car les caractéristiques des deux types de style cognitif sont, à priori, étroitement lié au contexte de concours. Nous allons explorer les liens entre la sélection des élèves et différents styles cognitifs. Nous allons également voir la relation entre le style cognitif dépendant-indépendant à l’égard du champ et le style réflexivité-impulsivité. Éventuellement, nous allons présenter les différentes caractéristiques d’apprentissage des mathématiques des élèves des différents styles cognitifs et des différents établissements. / In this research study, we will explore the learning characteristics of students of different cognitive styles of secondary education in China. Several studies, including our latest research, have highlighted the fact that students of different cognitive styles have manifested different learning characteristics. In our previous work, we noted that mathematical knowledge is essential for the learning of statistic. Meanwhile, Chinese students off different studies showed different cognitive styles. Moreover, some studies have shown the characteristics of generalization in Chinese student learning process which refers to the characteristics of Chinese language learning. Since all Chinese students do not study in the same context and the development of cognitive styles are closely linked to socio-cultural adaptation, we are interested in the relationships between the three elements that are respectively the cultural context, mathematics learning and cognitive styles. Thus, as a continuation study, this thesis focuses on the mathematics learning characteristics of the Chinese high school students of different campus and different cognitive styles.In this thesis, we aim firstly to validate the results that are revealed by different researches of different cultural contexts. Secondly, as the selection of students of each campus is based on the national competitions that play a key role in determining the school context, we are specifically interested in the field dependence-independence cognitive style as well as the reflexivity-impulsivity cognitive style as the characteristics of the two types of cognitive style are, theoretically, closely related to the competition context. We will explore the links between student selection and different cognitive styles. We will also see the relationship between the field dependent-independent cognitive style and the reflexivity-impulsivity cognitive style. Eventually, we will present the different mathematics learning characteristics of students of different cognitive styles and different school campus.

The use of hypermedia for educational purposes gained a great deal of importance for educators. There are many opportunities provided to learners by these environments such as independence from time and place, availability and accessability of the course material, non-linear interaction that provides the learner to regulate his/ her own learning and so on. Although many advantages of hypermedia environment are suggested in the literature, there are also many studies concerning with learning in hypermedia environment concluding that many learners face with problems on these settings. This qualitative study aimed to investigate the affects of three important factors in terms of learning with hypermedia revealed by the literature / cognitive styles, computer competency levels, and domain knowledge levels of the students. To the purpose of the study, participants from a web-enhanced course were selected considering these factors, and interviews and observations were conducted to reveal their learning strategies. Results indicated some differences among the different cognitive style groups of students in terms of their preferred learning strategies. Computer competency levels of the students were also found to be quite important in terms of their patterns to use the hypermedia program. Students&rsquo / prior knowledge levels were also important in this study, since different needs and expectations were revealed related to the domain knowledge levels of the participants. Furthermore, a deep understanding about the behaviors, experiences, feelings, and expectations of the students in an instructional hypermedia environment related to suggested different characteristics were gained at the end of the study.

Le 21ème siècle est considéré comme l’âge du numérique. Les TIC sont devenus des outils identitaires d’une génération désormais définie comme « native du numérique » (angl. digital natives). Equiper les établissements secondaires en matériels coûteux devient une nécessité pour faire face aux besoins nouveaux de la société. Les ressources numériques, qui ont complété puis évincé le manuel et ses périphériques traditionnels, demeurent un atout incontournable pour l’apprentissage d’une langue vivante étrangère, grâce à des contenus linguistiques et culturels le plus souvent authentiques, qui favorisent la mise en œuvre de l’approche actionnelle du Cadre Européen Commun de Référence pour les Langues. On peut néanmoins s’interroger sur la capacité du sujet apprenant à traiter cet input directement extrait d’Internet. La plus-value pédagogique présumée, didactique et motivationnelle, qui associée à ces outils technologiques ne saurait être acceptée sans un questionnement sincère sur les capacités cognitives effectives des apprenants ainsi que sur la réalité de leur engagement. L’accordage entre le sujet apprenant, les méthodes et méthodologies d’enseignement-apprentissage des langues, ainsi que les dispositifs numériques doivent être explorés. Il est nécessaire aujourd’hui de se situer dans un paradigme cognitiviste ou encore connexioniste en envisageant une construction de l’information et l’exposition des apprenants à un environnement stimulant et riche. En effet, en dépit de l’attractivité, de la non-linéarité et de l’interactivité de l’hypermédia, il convient de vérifier que l’apprenant possède bien les ressources cognitives nécessaires pour traiter efficacement l’information issue de l’hypertexte. Car l’enjeu du traitement de l’information ne se situe pas simplement au niveau de l’extraction d’input mais bien de la construction sémantique au sein de la mémoire de travail. Notre réflexion théorique fait donc entrer en dialogue des disciplines telles que la linguistique, la psycholinguistique, la didactique, les sciences cognitives. Elle fait également un état des lieux des différents outils numériques, afin de vérifier la compatibilité entre l’enseignement-apprentissage des langues étrangères et la technologie. Notre posture d’enseignant de terrain nous amène à considérer le numérique comme un facteur de motivation engageant fortement les usagers dans l’apprentissage de la langue étrangère. Cela d’autant plus que le public participant à notre étude est généralement peu motivé pour l’apprentissage des langues étrangères. La mise à disposition à des fins pédagogiques de tablettes tactiles, assimilables à des consoles de jeu, est-elle susceptible de les impliquer davantage et de modifier leur représentation de la langue cible? Pour répondre à cette question, nous menons deux expérimentations. Dans un premier temps, nous réalisons un pré-test permettant d’élaborer des hypothèses sur l’engagement cognitif des apprenants dans un environnement numérique. Nous observons l’usage réel et situé de tablettes numériques censées susciter la motivation par leur caractère ludique. Nous examinons également la posture des apprenants et leur capacité à exploiter l’information. A ce stade, la démarche conserve un caractère intuitif et les pratiques observées ne sont pas strictement encadrées. C’est pourquoi, dans un deuxième temps, nous procédons à une expérimentation plus structurée, en meilleure adéquation avec les critères de la recherche-action en langues vivantes étrangères. Nous en détaillons et en analysons les résultats. / The 21st century is commonly known as the “digital age”. Information technology has become a defining component of a new generation of learners, the so-called “digital natives”. Massive investment in digital learning equipment for schools has become a priority to meet the rising demands of society. Digital technologies, initially intended to supplement traditional course book instruction are fast replacing printed books altogether. Instant access to (mostly) authentic language material is a definite asset for developing linguistic skills and implementing the action-based approach prescribed by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages. However, learner ability does not necessarily match all requirements for processing input from the Internet. Educators who believe in the added value of information technology in language pedagogy should therefore consider more carefully the actual cognitive capacities and cognitive engagement shown by learners when exposed to rich stimulus. For digital devices to become efficient pedagogical tools in language pedagogy, learner ability, teaching strategies, and technological implements must be mutually adjusted and integrated within a consistent framework. Although hypermedia is attractive, non-linear and interactive, it is essential to verify that learners do possess the skills and efficiency to process the information obtained from hypertext documents. Information processing is indeed a major challenge since it involves not only searching and retrieving relevant pieces of information, but requires some cognitive processing—a semantic construction within working memory. The perspective adopted here is thus multidisciplinary, with multiple references to linguistics, education, psycholinguistics, and cognitive science. Also needed are an overview of the various digital devices available and an assessment of their true relevance to language pedagogy. As a professional EFL teacher working in a vocational school, I consider digital technologies to be precious in motivating and engaging learners. The secondary school students involved in the current research study usually show little concern for language learning in the first place. The practical issue can thus be framed as “How can the use of tablets engage them as learners and favourably alter their conceptions of the second language?” To answer this question, a pre-test is set up to form preliminary hypotheses on degrees of cognitive engagement in the language classroom whenever digital devices are put to pedagogical use. The concrete, situated use of tablets is observed, their playful nature and expected contribution to motivation assessed. Learning attitudes and the ability to process information are subject to close scrutiny. At this preliminary stage, methods remain largely intuitive, and the activities or learning processes not strictly characterized. A more structured experiment setup must thus be created, based on more established criteria of action-research, the details and results of which are analysed in this dissertation.