This research project focuses on helping Hispanic students in the East Tennessee region excel in higher education with existing resources from various organizations. Hispanic high school students were identified to complete a survey. Findings showed that these students are facing legal, financial and social challenges when thinking about higher education. Even though these students are facing these challenges, they still want to pursue higher education in order to make a positive impact in their communities. The collective impact idea is proposed as part of the solution for this social complex problem. Since it is impossible for an individual to solve this alone, the goal is for these organizations to work together to help this population and their families. The conclusion of this project reminds us that data shows that the Hispanic population is growing in this region of Tennessee and that helping and educating this population is extremely important.

Educational attainment in the United States is at the highest levels since recording started, yet large numbers of students are not completing education at the secondary and postsecondary levels. This lack of education impacts their long-term prospects for living wage careers, stable housing and the ability to support both themselves and their families. A growing response to this crisis is the development of cross-sector collaborative partnerships to address educational attainment resulting in an educated and skilled workforce that will ultimately improve prosperity in a community or region. This collaborative work has expanded as a result of growing recognition that all sectors of the economy have a stake in education as a way to create strong communities and regional prosperity. While evidence of the challenges in educating all students abounds, evidence of success in collaborative partnership efforts to improve education is sparse. This constructivist grounded theory research study was developed to explore the collaborative behaviors leading to success in improving educational outcomes for all students. Leaders at the executive and operational levels of collaborative partnerships participated in this study through a three-phase process of semi-structured interviews. Data collection and analysis for this study used a process of constant comparison and occurred simultaneously with a comprehensive literature review. Participants in this research study represented collaborative partnerships from across the United States that are focused on improving educational attainment at the secondary and postsecondary levels. Four findings from this research study support an overarching substantive grounded theory that explicates the importance of moral purpose as the underpinning for achievement of collaborative outcomes. The findings further describe the behaviors necessary for success in crafting strong relationships, building trust, and communicating for impact. These interpersonal behaviors can be supported by the presence of psychological safety at the group level to maximize the efficacy of collaborative partnerships to achieve systems improvements in education. This study also encourages all collaborative partnerships to consider using a continuous improvement approach to their work grounded in intellectual humility. The study concludes with recommendations for future research to further explore the implications of psychological safety in the context of collaborative partnerships, noting that both intellectual humility and curiosity are aligned with the concepts of psychological safety and continuous improvement or improvement science.

Background: Tobacco use is one of the most ubiquitous causes of death and disability worldwide. In sub-Saharan Africa, despite the rising trend the use of tobacco in generally low among adults - less than 10% in men and around 2% in women. As a result the region is viewed as being in the early stages of the four stage tobacco epidemic model. Projections suggest that the tobacco epidemic, if unchecked, can peak in Sub-Saharan Africa in the middle of this century. This offers the public health community an extraordinary opportunity – not only is the epidemic predicted so far in the future, there is knowledge on how to prevent it. The purpose of this study is to (a) research and assess case studies and theoretical frameworks used to guide global collaborative efforts in public health and development; (b) develop, administer, and summarize feedback collected from key stakeholders representing organizations critical in SSA tobacco control efforts; (c) analyze findings and identify gaps in the collective action; recommend opportunities to improve the systematic operations/capacity of all collaborating partners within SSA so that progress and collective impacts are maximized in the future. Methods: Secondary data was first sorted using a comparative, thematic approach to detect themes related to M&E practices at individual (organizational) level and at the group (collective) level. The sorted data was then analyzed using hypothesized content analysis for alignment of individual and group perceptions across the five components necessary for a collaborative effort to achieve a collective impact - shared agenda, shared measurements, mutually reinforcing activities, on-going communications, and support organization. Results: Current practices of M&E are perceived as sub-optimal both at individual and group levels. Even though the secondary data was focused primarily on shared measurements, the mapping of individual and group level perceptions against the five components of collective impact indicates that attributes of the other four components were organically included in the discussion in varied depths. Analysis of perception indicates general willingness to adopt a common monitoring and evaluation framework. Conclusions: A common M&E framework remains a missing component of the collaborative effort striving to prevent the tobacco epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa. It is needed to learn from past successes and challenges and to inform strategy of current and future initiatives so that collaborating organizations are better able seize the unprecedented opportunity of preventing death and suffering from tobacco related illnesses in sub-Saharan Africa. It is important that such an M&E framework be thoughtfully conceptualized within the context of a common agenda, and supported by processes that facilitate mutually reinforcing activities and continuous communication among collaborators.

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In the field of planning, there is widespread consensus that the mechanisms in which most planners use to engage with the public are ineffective and exclusive. Although there has been much work done on the techniques planners can adopt to reach out to underrepresented segments of the community, few municipalities have adopted them. This thesis seeks to advance the conversation on public participation beyond the mechanisms and into a discussion of why only certain communities are implementing these more progressive, efficient, effective, and equitable measures. By depicting how public participation functions as a system of interconnected paths and feedback loops, the author identifies twelve places in the system (i.e. leverage points) that could make participation more inclusive. The author tested the applicability of the leverage points by applying this Systems Theory framework to two inclusive participation initiatives in Amherst, Massachusetts and Vallejo, California. Through interviews and documentary research, the author found the framework to be effective in conceptualizing how communities become more inclusive and how participatory mechanisms can help shift the roles citizens, public managers, and planners have in the planning process.

学位プログラム名: 京都大学大学院思修館 / 期限付き非公開申請承認(令和5年6月29日京大図第33号) / 京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(総合学術) / 甲第22614号 / 総総博第14号 / 新制||総総||2(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院総合生存学館総合生存学専攻 / (主査)教授 山敷 庸亮, 教授 柴田 昌三, 准教授 DEROCHE Marc-Henri Jean, 中山 幹康 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy / Kyoto University / DFAM

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Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-10-09T13:08:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Silvia Martí Barros_.pdf: 891748 bytes, checksum: a9c1eae79bf3ff2c5f90fb491f80e98b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-09T13:08:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silvia Martí Barros_.pdf: 891748 bytes, checksum: a9c1eae79bf3ff2c5f90fb491f80e98b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-30 / Nenhuma / O presente trabalho introduz o conceito e o framework do Impacto Coletivo (IC), uma abordagem estratégica de colaboração intersetorial formulada por Kania e Kramer (2011) que tem se ocupado em dar uma resposta às ações de impacto isolado e de curto prazo voltadas a solucionar questões sociais complexas. Caracterizado pelo compromisso de longo prazo assumido por um grupo de atores de diferentes setores em torno de uma agenda comum para resolver um problema social específico, o IC tem sido amplamente adotado em diversas iniciativas ao redor do mundo. Desde então, avanços e críticas tem sido feitos por diversos autores sobre essa proposta, dentre elas a necessidade de refinar o modelo, considerando aspectos cruciais como o engajamento autêntico da comunidade. Por esta razão, a presente pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar que contribuições a experiência de movimentos colaborativos comunitários pode trazer para aprimorar a proposta do impacto coletivo. No intuito de endereçar a questão-problema, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa de abordagem interpretativista e por meio do método de estudo etnográfico, na Zona de Inovação Sustentável, na cidade de Porto Alegre, no sul do Brasil – também conhecida como ZISPOA. Durante e após a coleta de dados, efetuada por meio de observação participante, análise documental e entrevistas semi-estruturadas, foi feita a análise dos dados, que ocupou-se em responder aos objetivos específicos, descrevendo a cultura e o modus operandi deste movimento comunitário independente, bem como procurando compreender e analisar a percepção dos membros que dele fazem parte sobre o contexto em que estão inseridos e os objetivos que almejam alcançar, a partir de seus próprios pontos de vista. As principais contribuições que emergiram do campo empírico em relação às características deste movimento comunitário foram: a) a força de vencer a inércia e tomar a iniciativa para gerar mudança; b) a capacidade de atrair a atenção de grupos importantes de atores de diferentes setores da sociedade; c) ter recursos financeiros adequados não é necessariamente uma pré-condição vital para dar início a uma proposta de IC, mas sim para dar sustentação à mesma no longo prazo; d) a importância de promover a diversidade nos perfis de liderança do grupo; e) a preocupação em fortalecer os relacionamentos interpessoais para garantir a coesão entre os participantes; f) a capacidade de criar regras de interação efetivas que conduzem ao aprendizado adaptativo; e g) a capacidade de provocar a mudança de consciência. Por fim, sob o ponto de vista gerencial, os resultados extraídos da análise das evidências permitiram a elaboração de um conjunto de recomendações que podem ser aplicadas por diversos tipos de atores sociais no sentido de aprimorar a eficácia das suas iniciativas de impacto coletivo. / This paper introduces Collective Impact (CI) concept and framework as a strategic approach of intersectoral collaboration, designed by Kania and Kramer (2011), which has been focused on providing an effective response to isolated and short-term impact to solve complex social issues. Characterized by a long-term commitment made by a group of actors from different sectors around a common agenda to solve a specific social problem, the CI has been widely adopted in several initiatives around the world. Since then, advances and criticisms have been made by several authors about this proposal, including the need to refine the model, considering crucial aspects such as an authentic community engagement. Therefore, the present research aimed to analyze which contributions the experience of community-based collaborative movements can bring to improve the proposal of collective impact. In order to address this issue, a qualitative research was made, using an interpretative approach through ethnographic methodology, at the Sustainable Innovation Zone, in the city of Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil - also known as ZISPOA. During and after the data collection, made through participant observation, documentary analysis and semi-structured interviews, data analysis was carried out, focusing on responding the specific objectives, describing the culture and the modus operandi of this community-based movement, as well as seeking to understand and analyze the perception of their members about the context in which they are inserted and the objectives they aim to achieve, from their own points of view. The main results that emerged from the empirical field regarding the characteristics of this community-based movement were: a) the force to overcome inertia and start the initiative to generate change; b) the ability to attract the attention of important groups of actors from different sectors of society; c) having adequate financial resources is not necessarily a vital precondition to start a CI initiative, but it is key to guarantee its sustaining in the long-term; d) the importance of promoting diversity of leadership profiles; e) the concern to strengthen the interpersonal relationships to guarantee the cohesion between the participants; f) the ability to create effective rules of interaction that lead to adaptive learning; g) the ability to stimulate the change of consciousness. Finally, from a practical point of view, the results obtained from this analysis allowed the elaboration of a set of managerial recommendations that can be applied by several types of social actors in order to improve the effectiveness of their collective impact initiatives.

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