This study uses the pop music scene as a tool to analyse contemporary cultural history in Asia, with a focus on the cold-war and post-cold war period (1960s-1990s). The primary objective is to present how Pan-Chinese music shaped peoples’ collective memories in Asia and to investigate issues such as cultural history identification, cultural worship, colonisation, nostalgia, and how these influence each other. The secondary objective is to analyse which factors can influence peoples’ collective memories, since similar pop music and historical backgrounds in Asia can be located. A particular focus is Deng Lijun (also known as Teresa Teng) (1964-1995) who is considered the most influential popular singer able to transcend ideological barriers in Asia. Through in-depth interviews carried out in China, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Japan during 2010, audience perceptions focusing on Deng Lijun's personality, music and performances were recorded and analysed in order to create focal points regarding the collective memory of her work. The main interest of this thesis is not only her role as a singer, but also her ability to capture different cultural imaginations, to initiate processes of identification and to transcend different country’s frontiers (Taiwan, China, Hong Kong, South-East Asia and Japan), particularly since these countries champion different ideological perspectives. Her fame and commercial success had a huge cultural impact, and as a result she was the first cultural carrier to break the boundaries of the Cold-War era in Asia. Apart from examining the social, cultural and political factors that influence pop music, the industry behind it and shared audience memories, the focal point of the thesis is to draw attention to aspect of time by examining how the cold war in Asia reconstructed pop music’s cultural symbols and how these symbols were transformed through different ideological structures and facets. Using the information gathered from interviews and archives, this study explores the role of popular music in political struggles between warring ideologies and shows how those struggles both informed and were informed by the sentimental songs of a global popular music idol.

The presence of schools in our lives can not be overstated. In regards to life experiences, school could be argued to be the single most common part of our lives. Memories from school are particularly present throughout one’s life journey and forms the identities of all through powerful memories; good and bad. In terms of our relationship to buildings, the school building is only second to home for most. In a small town the school buildings are oftentimes some of the most present not just in social influence, but also by being sizeable, sometimes the single largest building might be a school. In a town that sports a history primarily of industry and outdoor life the understanding of a structures role in the locality along with the opinions and actions of the citizens might take on a different form than were it to be in a city with a rich tradition of culture. Nevertheless, the population with a relationship with a particular school all have memories and those are subsequently to be shared among each other. With this in mind, what happens when a school building is demolished or approaches status as condemned? The memories of former students, faculty and others remain through photographs and friendships still close to heart. How does demolition of a physical thing so large and emotional affect people’s opinions and actions in regards to their hometown and each other? This study aims to provide understanding of the relationship between town, inhabitants and school buildings by mapping and analyzing how memories are shared through social media. Loss and collective identity can be respected, neglected, encouraged or misunderstood. Contributions to the understanding of the processes related to this helps further research and potentially courses of actions. The result of working with the chosen material shows that those engaging in discussions online in this forum regarding the buildings collectively contribute to the creation of a common relationship with the past and present within the confines of the topic, even though a consensus in terms of emotional connection and opinion is not apparent. The act of sharing pictures and anecdotes are met with extensive contributions in the form of comments and shows the interest among the population to partake in the exchange of memory.

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Die Dissertation zielt darauf ab zu verstehen, wie Individuen ihre Biografie mit vergangenen und gegenwärtigen kollektiven Ereignissen verknüpfen. Mithilfe des Konzepts der generationellen Erzählung werden die Lebensgeschichten von Personen, die nach dramatischen, von politischer Gewalt gekennzeichneten Zeiträumen in Chile und Argentinien geboren wurden, untersucht. Generationelle ‚stories’ in zwei Ländern werden recherchiert, um die verschiedenen politischen Entwicklungen, wirtschaftliche Divergenzen und kulturelle Unterschiede zu verdeutlichen. Die Dissertation zeigt, wie die kollektiven Gedächtnisse und Vergangenheitsbewältigungen der Diktaturen mit neoliberalen Wirtschaftsreformen, politischer Polarisierung und sozialen Bewegungen verstrickt sind. Jede ‚generationelle Lage’ bietet einen Plot (Erzählform), der vergangene Ereignisse und die Bedeutungszuschreibung der aktuelle Umstände umfasst. Die Arbeit beleuchtet Maurice Halbwachs Begriff ‚The living bond of Generations’, i.e.– die Verbindung von Vergangenheit und Gegenwart durch generationelle Beziehungen, Gedächtnisse und Narrative. / This dissertation aims to understand how people connect their biographies with historical and recent collective events. Through the concept of generational narratives, life-stories of individuals born after dramatic periods of political violence in Argentina and Chile, are examined. By recounting two generations’ stories in two post-dictatorial countries, political paths, economic divergences, and cultural differences are disclosed. In these contexts, collective memories of and processes of coming to terms with those difficult pasts are entangled in periods of neoliberal economic transformation, political polarization as well as youth mobilization. Every ‘generational site’ brings to the fore a narrative plot which encompasses past events and present processes of meaning attribution. The investigation shed lights on Maurice Halbwachs’ notion of ‘the living bond of generations’, i.e., how past and present times are lively connected through generational bonds, memories and stories.

A manifestação de memórias coletivas sobre o acontecimento de 11 de setembro de 2001 é o tema mobilizador deste trabalho. A partir da percepção de que a interação com e através de tecnologias digitais de comunicação e informação atua nesse processo, o qual envolve diferentes atores sociais em diversos contextos, buscar-se-á compreender e identificar como o fenômeno ocorre. Com isso será possível analisar formas de atualizar, narrar e registrar coletivamente acontecimentos contemporâneos, notadamente marcados pela comunicação mediada por computador. Para desenvolver esse trabalho será preciso abarcar uma série de conceitos – tais como memória, acontecimento, experiência e interação –, provenientes de diferentes áreas do conhecimento. Desse modo será possível constituir uma base sólida destinada à análise dos desdobramentos do acontecimento e das performances que o acompanham. O corpus, composto de manifestações coletadas no microblog Twitter e em especiais multimídia de portais de notícias, foi explorado a partir do método da análise de conteúdo por coocorrência. O acontecimento de 11 de setembro, marco da entrada do século XXI, continua atuando no imaginário coletivo de diversos grupos sociais. É possível identificar nas manifestações, cujos conteúdos foram analisados, a manutenção de práticas tradicionais nos processos memoriais coletivos – como a oralização da linguagem, conversações e disputas de sentido –, bem como a introdução de estratégias próprias das interações através de artefatos digitais em rede. Verificou-se também que os sentidos memoriais destacados na comunicação mediada por computador são potencializados pelos recursos tecnológicos que, nos ambientes avaliados, auxiliam na exposição daquilo que é relatado e como é relatado. Assim, diante da impossibilidade de reificação das memórias coletivas, foi preciso analisá-las a partir das manifestações sociais exteriorizadas por aspectos cognitivos, culturais e materiais que as suportam. A heterogeneidade, pluralidade e as disputas de sentidos são algumas das características que se pode apontar em relação ao fenômeno analisado. / Collective memories’ manifestation about September 11 2001 events is the mobilizer theme of this dissertation. From the perception that the interaction with and through digital communication and information technologies act on this process, that involves different social actors in diverse contexts, it will seek to understand and identify how the phenomenon occurs. Then it’ll be possible to analyze ways to actualize, narrate and register collectively contemporary events, notedly marked by computer mediated communications. To develop this dissertation it’ll be necessary to cover a series of concepts – such as memory, events, experience and interaction –, derived from different knowledge areas. Thereby it’ll be possible to constitute a solid basis destined to the events unfoldings analyses and the performances that follow it. The corpus, composed by manifestations collected on Twitter microblog and multimedia specials of news websites, has been explored through content analysis by co-occurrence method. September 11 2001 events are a XXI century’s milestones, that continue acting on diverse social groups collective imaginary. It is possible to identify on the manifestations, witch contents have been analyzed, traditional practices of collective memories processes maintenance – like the language oralization, conversations and meaning dispute –, and the introduction of digital artifacts interactions’ strategies. It was also verified that memorial meanings highlighted on computer mediated communications have been potentialized by technological resources that, on the reviewed environments, support the exposition of what is reported and how is reported. Thus, given the impossibility of collective memories reification, it was necessary to analyze them from social manifestations exteriorized by cognitive, cultural and material aspects that support them. The heterogeneity, plurality and meaning dispute are some of the characteristics that can be pointed in relation to the phenomenon analyzed.

A manifestação de memórias coletivas sobre o acontecimento de 11 de setembro de 2001 é o tema mobilizador deste trabalho. A partir da percepção de que a interação com e através de tecnologias digitais de comunicação e informação atua nesse processo, o qual envolve diferentes atores sociais em diversos contextos, buscar-se-á compreender e identificar como o fenômeno ocorre. Com isso será possível analisar formas de atualizar, narrar e registrar coletivamente acontecimentos contemporâneos, notadamente marcados pela comunicação mediada por computador. Para desenvolver esse trabalho será preciso abarcar uma série de conceitos – tais como memória, acontecimento, experiência e interação –, provenientes de diferentes áreas do conhecimento. Desse modo será possível constituir uma base sólida destinada à análise dos desdobramentos do acontecimento e das performances que o acompanham. O corpus, composto de manifestações coletadas no microblog Twitter e em especiais multimídia de portais de notícias, foi explorado a partir do método da análise de conteúdo por coocorrência. O acontecimento de 11 de setembro, marco da entrada do século XXI, continua atuando no imaginário coletivo de diversos grupos sociais. É possível identificar nas manifestações, cujos conteúdos foram analisados, a manutenção de práticas tradicionais nos processos memoriais coletivos – como a oralização da linguagem, conversações e disputas de sentido –, bem como a introdução de estratégias próprias das interações através de artefatos digitais em rede. Verificou-se também que os sentidos memoriais destacados na comunicação mediada por computador são potencializados pelos recursos tecnológicos que, nos ambientes avaliados, auxiliam na exposição daquilo que é relatado e como é relatado. Assim, diante da impossibilidade de reificação das memórias coletivas, foi preciso analisá-las a partir das manifestações sociais exteriorizadas por aspectos cognitivos, culturais e materiais que as suportam. A heterogeneidade, pluralidade e as disputas de sentidos são algumas das características que se pode apontar em relação ao fenômeno analisado. / Collective memories’ manifestation about September 11 2001 events is the mobilizer theme of this dissertation. From the perception that the interaction with and through digital communication and information technologies act on this process, that involves different social actors in diverse contexts, it will seek to understand and identify how the phenomenon occurs. Then it’ll be possible to analyze ways to actualize, narrate and register collectively contemporary events, notedly marked by computer mediated communications. To develop this dissertation it’ll be necessary to cover a series of concepts – such as memory, events, experience and interaction –, derived from different knowledge areas. Thereby it’ll be possible to constitute a solid basis destined to the events unfoldings analyses and the performances that follow it. The corpus, composed by manifestations collected on Twitter microblog and multimedia specials of news websites, has been explored through content analysis by co-occurrence method. September 11 2001 events are a XXI century’s milestones, that continue acting on diverse social groups collective imaginary. It is possible to identify on the manifestations, witch contents have been analyzed, traditional practices of collective memories processes maintenance – like the language oralization, conversations and meaning dispute –, and the introduction of digital artifacts interactions’ strategies. It was also verified that memorial meanings highlighted on computer mediated communications have been potentialized by technological resources that, on the reviewed environments, support the exposition of what is reported and how is reported. Thus, given the impossibility of collective memories reification, it was necessary to analyze them from social manifestations exteriorized by cognitive, cultural and material aspects that support them. The heterogeneity, plurality and meaning dispute are some of the characteristics that can be pointed in relation to the phenomenon analyzed.

A manifestação de memórias coletivas sobre o acontecimento de 11 de setembro de 2001 é o tema mobilizador deste trabalho. A partir da percepção de que a interação com e através de tecnologias digitais de comunicação e informação atua nesse processo, o qual envolve diferentes atores sociais em diversos contextos, buscar-se-á compreender e identificar como o fenômeno ocorre. Com isso será possível analisar formas de atualizar, narrar e registrar coletivamente acontecimentos contemporâneos, notadamente marcados pela comunicação mediada por computador. Para desenvolver esse trabalho será preciso abarcar uma série de conceitos – tais como memória, acontecimento, experiência e interação –, provenientes de diferentes áreas do conhecimento. Desse modo será possível constituir uma base sólida destinada à análise dos desdobramentos do acontecimento e das performances que o acompanham. O corpus, composto de manifestações coletadas no microblog Twitter e em especiais multimídia de portais de notícias, foi explorado a partir do método da análise de conteúdo por coocorrência. O acontecimento de 11 de setembro, marco da entrada do século XXI, continua atuando no imaginário coletivo de diversos grupos sociais. É possível identificar nas manifestações, cujos conteúdos foram analisados, a manutenção de práticas tradicionais nos processos memoriais coletivos – como a oralização da linguagem, conversações e disputas de sentido –, bem como a introdução de estratégias próprias das interações através de artefatos digitais em rede. Verificou-se também que os sentidos memoriais destacados na comunicação mediada por computador são potencializados pelos recursos tecnológicos que, nos ambientes avaliados, auxiliam na exposição daquilo que é relatado e como é relatado. Assim, diante da impossibilidade de reificação das memórias coletivas, foi preciso analisá-las a partir das manifestações sociais exteriorizadas por aspectos cognitivos, culturais e materiais que as suportam. A heterogeneidade, pluralidade e as disputas de sentidos são algumas das características que se pode apontar em relação ao fenômeno analisado. / Collective memories’ manifestation about September 11 2001 events is the mobilizer theme of this dissertation. From the perception that the interaction with and through digital communication and information technologies act on this process, that involves different social actors in diverse contexts, it will seek to understand and identify how the phenomenon occurs. Then it’ll be possible to analyze ways to actualize, narrate and register collectively contemporary events, notedly marked by computer mediated communications. To develop this dissertation it’ll be necessary to cover a series of concepts – such as memory, events, experience and interaction –, derived from different knowledge areas. Thereby it’ll be possible to constitute a solid basis destined to the events unfoldings analyses and the performances that follow it. The corpus, composed by manifestations collected on Twitter microblog and multimedia specials of news websites, has been explored through content analysis by co-occurrence method. September 11 2001 events are a XXI century’s milestones, that continue acting on diverse social groups collective imaginary. It is possible to identify on the manifestations, witch contents have been analyzed, traditional practices of collective memories processes maintenance – like the language oralization, conversations and meaning dispute –, and the introduction of digital artifacts interactions’ strategies. It was also verified that memorial meanings highlighted on computer mediated communications have been potentialized by technological resources that, on the reviewed environments, support the exposition of what is reported and how is reported. Thus, given the impossibility of collective memories reification, it was necessary to analyze them from social manifestations exteriorized by cognitive, cultural and material aspects that support them. The heterogeneity, plurality and meaning dispute are some of the characteristics that can be pointed in relation to the phenomenon analyzed.

Née d’une interrogation sur les dynamiques d’intégration républicaine des radicalités politiques, cette recherche au carrefour de la sociologie historique du politique, de l’histoire sociale des idées et de la sociologie politique des mémoires collectives,s’attache à expliquer les conditions dans lesquelles Louise Michel, une femme et une anarchiste du XIXe siècle, devient une figure éligible à la panthéonisation en 2013. L’analyse longitudinale de la carrière de la figure de Louise Michel interroge plus généralement les processus de canonisation, de circulation et de transmission qui caractérisent les dispositifs de célébration politique. A partir de l’étude monographique des multiples occurrences de lafigure de Louise Michel du dernier tiers du XIXe siècle au début du XXIe siècle (presse, discours, pratiques commémoratives, biographies ou encore manuels scolaires), ce travail montre comment une personnalité marquée par la marginalité politique devient une référence commune de la gauche. Les formes et les espaces de la célébration ne peuvent alors se comprendre qu’au regard des positions occupées par ses traducteurs et de la structure de l’espace politique et social dans lequel ils s’inscrivent. Le processus de reconnaissance institutionnelle de Louise Michel doit d’une part à la pacification d’une mémoire officielle de la Commune de Paris, et d’autre part à l’intégration de l’histoire des femmes au sein d’un féminisme d’Etat. Ce double mouvement explique l’élargissement de l’identification collective et individuelle dans la figure de Louise Michel. Il autorise l’hypothèse d’une entrée de Louise Michel au Panthéon républicain. Pourtant, cette thèse montre également que des mécanismes de résistance aux processus de reconnaissance institutionnelle demeurent. Loin d’un processus linéaire la construction de la figure Louise Michel fait l’objet d’appropriations multiples qui coexistent aujourd’hui. L’inscription d’une figure historique dans les mémoires collectives constitue dès lors un dispositif conflictuel, marqué par des conjonctures mouvantes qui met aux prises des acteurs à la croisée des espaces politiques, militants, universitaires et intellectuels. / At the crossroads of political historical sociology, social history of ideas, and political sociology of collective memories, this research starts from an interrogation on the republican integration dynamics of political radicalism. Itfocuses on explaining the conditions in which Louise Michel, a 19th century woman and anarchist, has become an eligible icon for pantheonisation in 2013. The longitudinal analysis of Louise Michel's career broadly questions the processes of canonization, circulation and transmission which characterize the schemes of political celebration. Initiated by the monographic study of Louise Michel's numerous apparitions, from the last third of the 19th century to the early21st century (press, speeches, memorial events, biographies or textbooks), this essay highlights how a politically marginalized character turns into a leftist icon. It's only by apprehending the political posture and social background ofher interpreters that one can acknowledge the different areas and forms of commemoration. The process of institutional recognition of Louise Michel's legacy is made possible on the one hand by the pacification process of the officialremembrance of the Paris Commune, and on the other hand by the incorporation of Women History in state feminism. It explained the enlargement of both collective and individual identification to Louise Michel's figure. It also authorizedthe hypothesis of Louise Michel's entry to the republican Pantheon. However, this thesis demonstrates as well that some resistance mechanisms remains. The edification of Louise Michel's emblematic figure isn't a linear process but issubject to multiples appropriations that coexist nowadays. Historical figure in collective memories poses a divisive mechanism, characterized by shifting conjunctures that confront forces at the crossroads of different political, activist, academic and intellectual spaces.