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This thesis describes a computational approach for analyzing the color aesthetics of images from the perspective of color theory. Our work has been informed by the works of Johannes Itten, one of the most influential theorists of color aesthetics. To the best of our knowledge, developing computational models that are based on Itten's theories is our unique contribution to Computer Vision. We focus on three aspects of color usage in visual art, namely modulation, contrast of hue and cold-warm contrast. For modulation, we introduce the color palette, a novel 3D visualization of the chromatic information of an image in the HSL space and propose a set of simple descriptors for evaluating color modulation. For contrast of hue, we assess the spatial color composition of the homogeneous regions. For cold-warm contrast, we assess the spatial color composition of the homogeneous regions and the hue adjacencies. Further, we assess the relative warmth of the homogeneous regions and adjacent hues. We also propose a visualization, namely a 3D histogram to visualize the patterns of the contrasts in an artist's paintings. We validate our methods by comparing our results with Itten's descriptions and comments. We hope that this computational approach improves the color-based features used in the aesthetic classification of images. / Graduate / 0984

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2009. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed June 25, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 296-311).

This thesis investigates the performance and improves a double color interferometer setup, absolutely calibrates a line radiation Balmer H-alpha measurement setup, and uses measurements from both setups to estimate the particle confinement time of a plasma. The double colour interferometer at the magnetic confinement plasma device EXTRAP T2R measures the line integrated electron density of the plasma. Electron density is an important parameter in fusion plasma diagnostics but the interferometer at EXTRAP T2R have had several problems. The interferometer setup was changed as follows: A piezo phase shifter was added, the beam expander was adjusted with the help of thermal image plates, and the electronics setup was rewired to remove interferences. The setup for Balmer H-alpha line radiation measurements was calibrated and characterized. The particle confinement time was estimated using Abel inversion to produce radial profiles of electron density, electron temperature and H-alpha irradiance. The interferometer upgrades did not solve all the problems, but the electron density measurements are now reliable up to around 10 – 20 ms. Since the interferometer only has one channel the electron density profile could not be determined reliably. However, the particle confinement time was estimated for two possible electron density profiles and the results agree with previous studies. / Fusionsvetenskap strävar efter att producera en ny, effektiv energikälla. I och med den ökande energikonsumtionen får fusionsvetenskap en allt viktigare roll i samhället. Kärnfusion har stor potential som energikälla, men att utvinna dess energi kommer med lika stora tekniska utmaningar. I det här projektet tacklas en av dessa utmaningar; att mäta elektrontätheten och joniseringshastigheten i ett plasma. Detta utfördes på EXTRAP T2R, ett magnetiskt inneslutningssystem för plasma på Alfvén laboratoriet, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, Stockholm. Projektet behandlar två olika mätinstrument: En interferometer som mäter elektrontätheten i plasmat och en H-alphaexperimentuppställning som mäter joniseringshastigheten i plasmat. Interferometern har uppgraderats och justerats för att ge mer tillförlitliga mätningar. Den behöver förbättras ytterligare men kan ger nu tillförlitliga täthetsmätningar i början av plasma-skott. H$\alpha$-experimentuppställningen har karakteriserats och kalibrerats. Genom att mäta elektrontätheten och joniseringshastigheten kan partikelinneslutningstiden uppskattas. Partikelinneslutningstiden är den genomsnittliga tiden innan en partikel lämnar plasmat via en av många processer. Denna uppskattning baserades på två möjliga täthetsprofiler i plasmat eftersom en fullständig mätning skulle kräva flera interferometrar. Trots detta så stämmer uppskattningen väl överens med tidigare studier.

Submitted by Caroline Falcao (caroline.rfalcao@ufpe.br) on 2017-06-06T17:17:02Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) 2012-Dissertacao-RenataBarretoSantos.pdf: 5151204 bytes, checksum: 5d3006258e7c3359dffead5b2f172fc4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-06T17:17:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) 2012-Dissertacao-RenataBarretoSantos.pdf: 5151204 bytes, checksum: 5d3006258e7c3359dffead5b2f172fc4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-20 / Este trabalho abordou mudanças no padrão estético através do uso de ferramenta quantificadora de luz refletida, inclusive para cada espectro visível. É possível perceber mudanças que associadas à descrição petrográfica e às características tecnológicas, orientarão uma escolha consciente e precisa do material pétreo e a monitoração do seu uso. Com a diversidade de tipos de rocha ofertados hoje no mercado, percebe-se a necessidade de preparo de profissionais para identificar a rocha mais adequada para um determinado uso. Outrossim, as características e efeitos dos produtos de limpeza precisam ser sistematicamente acompanhados, de modo que a percepção estética deve ir além da beleza momentânea, inclusive servir de referência para perceber e prever suas mudanças e respectivos desdobramentos sobre propriedades mecânicas do material no decorrer do tempo e do uso estimado e, naturalmente, sua durabilidade otimizada. A permanência da estética e preservação dos parâmetros físicos e mecânicos da rocha passam a depender do aprofundamento teórico para prever a finalidade da indicação da rocha. Os estudos realizados, neste trabalho, abordam a aplicação da espectrometria e luminosidade até a implementação prática do gerenciamento de cores e do brilho, passando pela análise conceitual da cor, sistema visual humano, fontes de luz, temperatura de cor, modelos de cores, espectro eletromagnético, espectrometria, espectro-radiométria, dispositivo para aferir a cor, além de analises petrográfica e tecnológicas do material estudado. A fim de implementar o gerenciamento de cores, foi necessário equipamento de medição, cartelas de referência para calibração e software para ler os dados captados pelo equipamento de medição. Para a implementação do sistema, em caráter experimental, foram utilizadas amostras no material pétreo Preto São Marcos, e os resultados obtidos, mostram que houve alteração do índice colorimétrico e do brilho entre o material original e o sujeito a ataque químico, embora não fossem percebidas a olho nu, devido à composição mineral da rocha. / This work aims to demonstrate that through aesthetic standards it is possible to verify changes associated to petrographic description and technological features, resulted in a conscious and accurate choice of the stone material and its use. With the diversity of lithological offered in trade today, it is possible to verify the lack of professionals prepared to identify the stone most suitable for a particular use. The aesthetic perception must go beyond the momentary beauty, it is needed to understand and predict the aesthetic and mechanical changes and the properties of the material over time and its estimate use. The permanence of the aesthetics and mechanics of the rock becomes dependent on the theoretical development that provides an indication of the rock. The studies conducted in this work, address the principle, the formation of light to the practical implementation of color management and shine, through conceptual analysis of color, human visual system, light sources, color temperature, color models, electromagnetic spectrum, spectrometry, spectroradiometry, device to measure the color, and petrographic analysis of the technological material studied. In order to implement color management, measurement equipment was necessary, reference cards for calibration and Softwaer to read the data captured by the measuring equipment. To implement the system, as experimental phase, it was used samples in a stone material Preto São Marcos and the results show that there was a change in the colorimetric index and brightness between the original material and the material exposed to chemical attack, most were not perceived with the naked eye due to mineragilogica composition of the rock.

A pintura de íris protética é uma das fases mais delicadas durante o processo de confecção de uma prótese ocular e requer, do Cirurgião-Dentista especialista em Prótese Bucomaxilofacial, qualidades técnico-artísticas para uma dissimulação satisfatória. A reprodução fiel da íris do paciente é de fundamental importância para sua reabilitação estética e consequente reintegração social. Em função disso, o presente estudo desenvolveu uma escala de cores para pintura de íris em prótese ocular, a fim de ser utilizada como ferramenta auxiliar durante esta fase. Foram desenvolvidas sete matizes (castanho-avermelhado, castanho, ocre, verde, verde-azulado, azul e cinza) a partir de mistura de tintas acrílicas Acrilex®, levando como base os conceitos de formação da cor da íris para o proporcionamento das tintas, no intúito de mapear os tons presentes nas íris humanas. A escala foi testada em 145 indivíduos com íris saudáveis, por três observadores calibrados, verificando se algum tom da escala se aproximava à cor base dessas íris. A opinião de cada obeservador foi anotada em ficha de avaliação da íris e os dados seguiram para análise estatística. Foram avaliadas a associação entre matiz de escolha e observadores, a coerência inter-observador em relação ao matiz e a coerência inter-observador em relação ao tom. Os resultados apontaram alta concordância entre os obeservadores, o que garantiu a validação da escala proposta. / Artificial eye iris painting is one of the most delicate stages in the process of making an ocular prosthesis. The Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics Specialist Dentist is required to have technical and artistic abilities for a satisfactory simulation. The accurate reproduction of the patient\'s iris is thoroughly important for his or her aesthetic rehabilitation and social reintegration. On that basis, the present study aimed to develop an iris painting color scale, which can be used as an auxiliary tool for this stage of production. In order to map out the present shades in human irides, seven hues have been developed (reddish-brown, brown, ochre, green, bluishgreen, blue and gray) by mixing Acrilex® acrylic paint, which were based on the concepts of iris color formation for the establishment of the paint mixtures. The scale has been tested by three calibrated observers in 145 individuals presenting healthy irides. The observers would verify if any of the shades in the color scale matched the subject\'s iris color base. Each observer\'s opinion was registered in an iris evaluation sheet and the data was then submitted to statistical analysis. Evaluated factors included the association of the selected hue by the observer; the consistency of the choice of hue among all observers; the consistency of the choice of shade among all observers. Results revealed substantial consensus among observers, ensuring the legitimacy of the proposed color scale.

Submitted by Geandra Rodrigues (geandrar@gmail.com) on 2018-10-11T15:12:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 carloseduardomendesdearaujocouto.pdf: 3542859 bytes, checksum: aebdebd5344f8d870b3cdc89d436ec83 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2018-10-16T14:08:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 carloseduardomendesdearaujocouto.pdf: 3542859 bytes, checksum: aebdebd5344f8d870b3cdc89d436ec83 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-16T14:08:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 carloseduardomendesdearaujocouto.pdf: 3542859 bytes, checksum: aebdebd5344f8d870b3cdc89d436ec83 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07-09 / O cinema brasileiro contemporâneo apresenta três aspectos relevantes. Um deles é a presença da Globo Filmes, associada à diversas produtoras independentes, tornando-se a empresa mais poderosa do setor. Outro, a utilização das tecnologias digitais em todos os procedimentos cinematográficos, possibilitando variadas criações visuais. O terceiro aspecto diz respeito às comédias com a marca Globo Filmes, dominando o mercado cinematográfico nacional. A partir desse contexto, a pesquisa busca, em um primeiro momento, tratar do atual mercado brasileiro de pós-produção digital, analisar teoricamente o processo de color grading e compreender a função do colorista na criação da estilística visual dessas comédias. Em um segundo momento, apresentaremos as formas de utilização dos estilos cromáticos das comédias da Globo Filmes no atual cinema brasileiro. Como estudos de caso, analisaremos três recentes obras desse gênero: Se Eu Fosse Você 2 (Daniel Filho, 2009), Qualquer Gato Vira-Lata (Tomas Portella, 2011) e Até que a Sorte nos Separe (Roberto Santucci, 2012). / Contemporary Brazilian cinema presents three relevant aspects. One of them is the presence of Globo Filmes, associated to several independent filming companies, making it the most powerful company in the sector. Another point is the use of digital technologies in all of the cinematographic procedures, allowing a variety of visual creations. The third aspect concerns the dominance of the comedies with the brand Globo Filmes over the national film market. From this context, this study seeks, initially, to deal with the current Brazilian digital post-production market so as to theoretically analyze the process of color grading and understand the function of the colorist in the creation of the visual style of these comedies. Follwoing, the ways of using the chromatic styles of the comedies of Globo Filmes in the current Brazilian cinema are presented. As a case study, three recent works of this genre are analyzed: "Se Eu Fosse Você 2"(Daniel Filho, 2009), "Qualquer Gato Vira-Lata" (Tomas Portella, 2011) and "Até que a Sorte nos Separe" (Roberto Santucci, 2012).

Users can assess the visual appeal of a web page within 50 milliseconds and color is the first thing noticed onscreen. That directly influences user perception of the website, and choosing appealing color combinations is therefore crucial for successful web design. Recent scientific research has identified which individual colors are culturally preferred in web design in different countries but there is no similar research on hue combinations. Currently no effective, scientifically based guidelines on combining hues for web designers exist either, since recent research by Ou et al and Szabo et al, among others, proves the classic color harmonies invalid. Therefore this study aims to identify guidelines for culturally appropriate hue combination in context of web design. The study is limited to culturally appropriate combining of hues in Thai and Swedish web design.

The color gamut, i.e. the range of reproducible colors, is in most conventional display systems not sufficient for accurate color reproduction of highly saturated colors. Any conventional three-primary display suffers from a color gamut limited within the triangle spanned by the primary colors. Even by using purer primaries, enlarging the triangle, there will still be a problem to cover all the perceivable colors. By using a system with more than three primary colors, in printing denoted Hi-Fi color, the gamut will be expanded into a polygon, yielding a larger gamut and better color reproduction. Digital Light Processing (DLP) is a projection technology developed by Texas Instrument. It uses a chip with an array of thousands of individually controllable micromirrors, each representing a single pixel in the projected image. A lamp illuminates the micromirrors, and by controlling the amount of time each mirror reflect the light, using pulse width modulation, the projected image is created. Color reproduction is achieved by letting the light pass through color filters, corresponding to the three primaries, mounted in a filter wheel. In this diploma work, the DLP projector InFocus® LP™350 has been evaluated, using the Photo Research® PR®-705 Spectroradiometer. The colorimetric performance of the projector is found to be surprisingly poor, with a color gamut noticeably smaller then that of a CRT monitor using standardized phosphors. This is due to the broad banded filters used, yielding increased brightness at the expense of the pureness of the primaries. With the intention of evaluating the potential for the DLP technology in multi- primary systems, color filters are selected for additional primary colors. The filters are selected from a set of commercially available filters, the Kodak Wratten filters for science and technology. Used as performance criteria for filter selection is the volume of the gamut in the CIE 1976 (L*u*v*) uniform color space. The selected filters are measured and evaluated in combination with the projector, verifying the theoretical results from the filter selection process. Colorimetric performance of the system is greatly improved, yielding an expansion of the color gamut in CIE 1976 (L*u*v*) color space by 79%, relative the original three-primary system. These results indicate the potential for DLP in multiprimary display systems, with the capacity to greatly expand the color gamut, by using carefully selected filters for additional primary colors.

This research investigated the influence of the normal aging process on truly photopic achromatic and chromatic retinal increment threshold over an extensive range of colored targets. It was found that for both achromatic and chromatic retinal thresholds there is a significant correlation between advancing age and the stimulus luminance intensity at threshold across the visible spectrum. This correlation is greater for the short wavelength range than for both the middle and the long wavelength ranges (r² (achromatic)= 0.43; r²(chromatic) = 0.49. In addition, a small exploratory study was completed which examined the role of prereceptoral changes in these age-related differences in color vision function. Results from this preliminary study (Experiment II) support the supposition that prereceptoral factors cannot account for all of the age-related losses that are seen in visual function, particularly in the middle and long wavelength ranges of the visible spectrum. / Arts, Faculty of / Psychology, Department of / Graduate