No description available.

Denna studie bygger på Stefan Löfvens ‘Tal till nationen’ som sändes 22 mars 2020 21:15, med anledning av Covid-19 och den medföljande samhällskrisen. Analysen baserar sig på en retorisk situationsanalys och en retorisk analys av talet i ett transkriberat format. Syftet med studien är att analysera de retoriska verktyg som Stefan Löfven har använt i sitt tal till nationen. De retoriska begrepp som analyseras är retorikens tre pisteis ethos, pathos och logos, samt de dygder och plikter som förväntas uppfyllas av en talare. I analysen studeras även hur Löfven har anpassat talet efter den retoriska situationen och den föreliggande doxa. Resultatet av studien visar att retorikens ovannämnda verktyg återfinns genomgående i talet och retorikens tre pisteis är tydligt märkbara i de argument som genomsyrar talet. Talet bevisar dessutom en anpassning i ordval och argument efter den retoriska situationen och doxa. / This study analyses Stefan Löfven’s speech ’Tal till nationen’ which was broadcasted on March 22 2020 9.15pm because of the Covid-19 pandemic and its caused crisis. The study is based on a rhetorical situation analysis and a rhetorical analysis of the transcribed version of the speech. The purpose of the study is to analyse the rhetorical tools Stefan Löfven has used in his speech to the nation. The study analyses mainly how Löfven uses the three rhetorical pisteis, ethos, pathos and logos, and how the four essential components, correctness, clearness, appropriateness and ornament, takes form in the speech. In addition, the analysis covers how Löfven adapts his speech to the rhetorical situation and doxa. The results show that rhetorical concepts can be found consistently throughout the speech and the three pisteis are particularly noticeable in the argumentation. Finally, the speech have clear signs of adapting the language and argumentation to the rhetorical situation and doxa.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

Under den svenska valrörelsen år 2022 riktades kraftig kritik mot de politiska partiernas smala debatt om vår tids viktigaste fråga, klimatet. Syftet med studien är därför att bidra med kunskap om hur klimatet gestaltas i politisk kommunikation i den svenska valrörelsen år 2022. Det görs genom att synliggöra hur Moderaterna, Liberalerna, Socialdemokraterna och Vänsterpartiet gestaltar klimatet i sina valmanifest år 2022. Studien baseras på Robert Entmans definition av gestaltningsteori samt Fairhurst och Sarrs gestaltningsverktyg: metafor, jargong, kontrast, vinkling och berättelse. Som komplement används retorisk teori med argumentationsverktygen ethos, logos och pathos. Den metod som används för att analysera empirin är kvalitativ systematisk innehållsanalys. Studien placeras inom forskningsfältet politisk kommunikation.  Resultatet visar att Moderaterna, Liberalerna, Socialdemokraterna och Vänsterpartiet gestaltar klimatet på skilda sätt i sina valmanifest år 2022, däremot använder alla partier Nisbets gestaltningsram Moral och etik. Moderaterna och Liberalerna gestaltar klimatet genom att fokusera på en specifik aspekt, energikrisen, medan Socialdemokraterna och Vänsterpartiet gestaltar klimatet genom flera aspekter som energi, biologisk mångfald och ekosystem. Det kan därför konstateras att det råder begränsad gestaltningskonkurrens mellan partierna. Studien bidrar med kunskap kring den inverkan som svenska partiers valmanifest har på valrörelser samt hur partier utformar sin strategiska politiska kommunikation. Bidraget kan dessutom vara en länk i övrig forskning som studerar varför klimatet är mer eller mindre presenterat hos väljarna. / During the Swedish election campaign of 2022 massive criticism was directed towards the political parties' narrow debate about the most important issue of our time, the climate. The aim of this study is to contribute with knowledge about how the climate is framed in political communication in the Swedish election campaign of 2022. This is done by making visible how the Moderates, the Liberals, the Social Democrats, and the Left Party frame the climate in their election manifestos of 2022. The study is based on Robert Entman’s definition of framing theory and Fairhurst and Sarr’s framing tools: metaphor, jargon, contrast, spin and stories. As a complement rhetorical theory is used based on the triad, ethos, logos and pathos. The method used to analyze the material is qualitative systematic content analysis. This study is placed within the research field of political communication. The result shows that the Moderates, the Liberals, the Social Democrats and the Left Party frame the climate in different ways in their manifestos of 2022, however, every party use Nisbet’s frame Moral and ethic. The Moderates and the Liberals frame the climate by focusing on one aspect, the energy crisis, while the Social Democrats and the Left Party frame through several aspects as energy, biodiversity and ecosystem. There is limited framing competition between the parties. The study contributes with important knowledge concerning the influence that parties election manifestos have on election campaigns, and also how parties design their strategic political communication. The study can also be seen as a link to other research about why the climate is less or more presented within voters.

This is a study of how the most popular Telegram news channels in Russia and in Ukraine framed the Russia-Ukraine war during the first weeks of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. Telegram is one of the most popular social media in Russia and Ukraine, it is a source of news for many people in both countries, and it had been used for propaganda before. This makes the Telegram news channels a relevant research topic in light of the fact that the war still continues in late 2022. The author uses his Ukrainian and Russian language skills and background to add to the war framing and propaganda research, especially in the Russia-Ukraine conflict. The study uses framing analysis to find the specific frames of the war. This work partially detects the war-related frames which were used in other military conflicts. Moreover, it finds new frames which were unique for the Russia-Ukraine war. The findings show that the most of the used frames are different between the countries, like framing the war as a necessity in the Russian case and a judgemental style of writing in Ukrainian case. However, there are some similar frames which are still used differently by the sides, like dehumanizing strategies to describe the enemy or historical narratives.

<p>Virtual assistants such as Amazon's Alexa can emulate a variety of emotions in their spoken feedback to user requests. The persuasive impact of these emotional displays depends on the inferences individuals make about these emotional displays. This dissertation investigates a class of inferences –attributions of cause to a virtual assistant's emotional display –which individuals use as social information about computer-interactants. The project hypothesized that three key factors influence individuals' attributions of cause to virtual assistants' emotional displays. The first is general tendencies in peoples' attributions of virtual assistants' emotional displays. Second is the target of a virtual assistant's emotional display –the communicated object of their displayed emotional state. The final component is borrowed from Kelley's covariance theory of attribution –the distinctiveness with which a specific emotional display repeatedly co-occurs with plausible explanations for the emotional display. Four attributional outcomes were predicted based on combinations of emotional display targets and the distinctiveness of the emotional display's covariance with potential causes for the emotional display. Findings suggest that individuals first and foremost attribute virtual assistant's emotional displays to the virtual assistant rather than situational causes, that emotional display targets can influence attributions, and that further work is needed to assess the role of distinctiveness in attributions of virtual assistant's emotional displays.</p>

<p>  </p> <p>Despite some criticism, peace journalism has received considerable attention over the last three decades as a normative approach to promote a more conscientious, contextualized, and proactive journalistic approach to reporting conflict. This study aims at examining the media coverage of the social protests of Colombia in 2021 using peace journalism as a theoretical framework. A sample of 210 news stories from April 28 to June 10 of 2021 were analyzed to see how two Colombian newspapers reflected Galtung’s framework of peace journalism and see variations over time and between media sources. Given that most of the research on the operationalization of peace journalism has examined militaristic armed conflicts, this analysis seeks to expand the research exploring war/peace journalism media framing in the context of social protests. The results cannot fully confirm previous studies that have identified a predominance of war journalism framing in media coverage; although at the individual indicator level there is a clear inclination towards war journalism, considering a holistic assessment, there is a tendency towards peace journalism. These results suggest theoretical and practical implications that must be addressed for the refinement of peace journalism as a journalistic practice.  </p>

In a new media landscape, social media have become a new way of interacting for internet users. It has also given birth to new professions and new empowerments. One of the new existing players in the modified field of media is influencers.  Influencers affect people in a variety of ways, for instance in commerce and opinions. They do this on different platforms and with different tools of persuasion. International researchers have been studying general media use on social media, influencing marketing and what motivates the choices of social media users. They have also investigated the motives when it comes to why users choose to follow influencers. The Swedish research field in this area isn’t as satisfying as the international research, though. Swedish researchers have been studying influencers from an influencer point of view. This study’s vision is, therefore, to broaden the influencer research, with a user perspective. The theoretical framework uses and gratifications is a common way to investigate users, and their motivations to make certain choices, using media. A survey was conducted and sent to grown up females. The survey focused on what motivated them to follow influencers on Instagram, and whether they had been influenced by the influencers in any way. The result of the study gave us different insights. A factor analysis showed that there were four different motivations for following influencers, and that the strongest motive was entertainment. The entertainment motive also contained the most highly valued item which was the motive to be amused. The factor analysis also found the motives; socialization, social status and new trends. The study also showed that there weren’t any strong correlations between the four motives and the users’ history in being affected by the influencer. However, there was a correlation between the affected-variable and the two items following new trends and to keep updated about new products.