Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, 1967. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 93).

xi, 43 p. : ill. (some col.) A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. / Car use has become the dominant form of transportation, contributing to the health, environmental, and sprawl issues our nation is facing. Alternative modes of transport within urban environments are viable options in alleviating many of these problems. This thesis looks the habits and trends of bicyclists along the Midtown Greenway, a bicycle/pedestrian pathway that runs through Minneapolis, Minnesota and questions whether implementing non-auto throughways has encouraged bicyclists to bike further and to more destinations since its completion in 2006. The methods used to gather data were in-person five-minute surveys given to bicyclists, and analysis of existing data provided by non-profit organizations. Results included mapping each surveyed trip to see taken routes as well as qualitative and quantitative answers. Answers varied, but overall, it seemed that both commuting and leisure riders have increased their trips and distance within Minneapolis since completion of the path, advocating for off-street routes within the city. / Committee in Charge: Dr. Jean Stockard; Dr. Marc Schlossberg, AICP; Lisa Peterson-Bender, AICP

The world is shrinking with the help of different available travel options. But does it shrink our daily routine? What does location of travel nodes such as bus station or train station, giving for consequences in people’s daily life? And where are function of the society in relation to this travel stations? This study aims to analyze and investigate railway stations in a specific part of the northern Sweden. The research questions are to investigate their function and relation to the society and people in the area. And, to investigate if there are any correlation between where people live and where functions in the society are placed. The study has been performed with qualitative analyzes of the railway station in question and a quantitative approach for the correlation of people and function in the society. The presented data in the thesis has been collected from Statistics Sweden and analyzed in computer program. Analyses of the railway stations has showed that they are planed and built to gathering more than one way of traveling. They have been constructed to work for both busses, bicycle, train, cars and pedestrians. Analysis of people and function in the society has showed that there are some geographical relations between them.

This research has aimed to study commuting distances for people working in Åre village. By analyzing individual statistical data over geographical sites this paper seeks to investigate any changes over time for different groups of the workforce. In addition to presenting raw data of distance calculations, maps constructed in geographical information systems will indicate spatial variations and general patterns. The results show that commuting distances to Åre village have increased between the years of 1990 and 2002, while they have decreased between the years 2002 and 2014. The workers who commute the longest distances are young, have relatively low incomes, lower education and no children living in their homes. The opposite applies for shorter commuting distances where older workers, with relatively high incomes, high education levels and who have children living in their homes. However, when working with statistical data it ́s important to acknowledge the limitations that arise by using numbers to describe reality. Nevertheless, these results indicate that sparsely populated places with growing economies stand out by having declining commuting distances while the general trend for the nation is the opposite with increasing distances. This information can therefore be of use for similar areas to indicate estimated commuting patterns in the future.

Let G be a finite group and X a subset of G. The commuting graph C(G,X) is the graph whose vertex set is X with two distinct elements of X joined by an edge whenever they commute in the group G. This thesis studies the structure of commuting graphs C(G,X) when G is either a symmetric group Sym(n) or a sporadic group McL, and X a conjugacy class for elements of order three. We describe how this graph can be useful in understanding various aspects of the structure of the group with a particular emphasis on the connectivity of the graph, the properties of the discs around some fixed vertex and the diameter of the graph.

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Many cities focus on cycling due to the multiple advantages including individual, societal, and economic advantages. Eskilstuna municipality in Sweden is one of the cases that aim to develop cycling, but the question is if the municipality has managed in developing winter cycling because of the special winter weather characteristics, cold, windy, snowy, and dark. This study focuses on the experiences of commuters when commuting in winter in Eskilstuna municipality. The goal of this study is to identify and analyze the motivators and barriers that influence winter cycle commuting, and the research result can contribute to improving the cycling rate in Eskilstuna municipality. The researcher examined the issues in Eskilstuna municipality through qualitative analysis from the focus group interview and interview and document analysis. Factors such as prioritized cycle lanes, the construction of new cycle lanes, preference for wellbeing, social influence (such as cycling culture and cycle-friendly atmosphere), the good function of the cycle (including the cycle, the tire, the cycle lights), good private economy situation were identified as motivators to cycling to work in winter. By contrast, issues that are related to lack of infrastructure maintenance and lack of cycle lanes, the darkness, the snow, limitation in practices of the policy, and cleanness as a social norm were identified as barriers. However, some factors were identified as irrelevant factors such as low temperature, showing room, parking space, and scenery.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第24165号 / 理博第4856号 / 新制||理||1695(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科数学・数理解析専攻 / (主査)教授 加藤 毅, 教授 入谷 寛, 教授 藤原 耕二 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

The research examines the effect of commuting on stress for both motorized and non-motorized commuters and understanding how they cope with it. Understanding this effect can be helpful for decision-makers in the economy, transportation planning, and demographics studies to promote a safe and peaceful experience of travel for all the commuters in the community by designing better transportation systems and developing infrastructure of alternative modes like walking. Moreover, understanding the emotional states of individuals during their journeys and how they navigate and manage the commuting stress feeling, can be beneficial for decision-makers to enhance commuting experiences and feelings. To this end, a bivariate ordinal model was adopted, allowing for an analysis of stress factors and their interactions with key exploratory variables, including income, age, and choice of transportation mode. Interestingly, the results obtained from the context of Santiago, Chile, a region characterized by a predominance of middle and low-income populations according to the research findings, revealed intriguing patterns. The study found that commuting stress influences people in different ways regarding their age. Moreover, commuting stress at higher levels decreases at elevated age levels. This trend remains steady as commuters gain higher economic status and have access to alternative modes of transportation beyond public means. Policymakers and transportation planners should consider the complex interplay of the following clusters according to the result of this research to improve commuting experiences. The first encompasses factors such as income status, choice among different modes of transportation, and age. The second pertains to commuting stress and the importance of stress from commuters' viewpoint. A salient example of the consequence of this interplay, is evident in the research, where normalization a coping strategy implying eliminating some aspects of travel, is employed, showcasing both potential advantages and drawbacks. The findings suggest that promoting active travel options could contribute to a happier commuting experience, emphasizing the importance of understanding coping mechanisms across different commuter groups for the design of effective policies. The implications of these findings extend to the domain of transportation system planning and urban development. By shedding light on the challenges caused by commuting stress and highlighting effective coping mechanisms, this research holds the potential to understand how people deal with commuting stress during their regular trips. Furthermore, the gained insights can inform urban planning initiatives and facilitate the commuting experience by considering commuters' experiences and the associated factors. Ultimately, the integration of these insights into policies and practices has the capacity to cultivate sustainable and resilient communities, which thrive even when facing the inevitable stresses associated with daily commuting. This research makes a two-fold contribution. First, it compiles an extensive array of data including socio-demographics, health metrics, feelings and emotions, built environment, and work commute-related details, all presented in a comprehensive and reproducible data package format. Subsequently, the study delves into the commuting stress analysis and identifies the various coping strategies employed by commuters. The data used for the analysis have been derived from the demographics and health information sections of the dataset. Serving as a reproducible data package, it provides a robust foundation for future research endeavours. Future researchers can have access to the data set as an open source data set allowing them to understand the representativeness of this data package and enable them to replicate various stages where needed. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc) / Nowadays commuting as a daily travel mostly between work and home is considered as an inevitable part of modern lifestyle. This experience has been indicated to be a source of stress and anxiety as numerous studies have already revealed. Understanding commuting patterns and travel behaviour is important for analyzing stress-related issues, consequences and coping strategies. As @koslowsky2013commuting have mentioned, this is also beneficial to have a perception of commuting patterns, modes of transportation, road congestion and so on for commuting network planning from scratch. Using the relevant stress commuting variables such as experienced stress and assigned importance to this stress can help to this end. This research aimed at providing a comprehensive and reproducible data package of travel behaviour and other aspects of the urban commuting experience of respondents in Santiago, Chile. Each component of this data package serves different aspects for future research such as using demographic information in travel demand modelling, health-related information for improving health, well-being and safety in transportation planning, reasons and planning decisions information for origin-destination modelling, and so on. The research also has been focused on an integrated list of variables chosen from the demographic and health information sections of the data package. This list helps to identify how commuters interact with experiencing stress during their travels. This research also contributes to addressing commuting stress by identifying relevant variables, then figuring out the affected groups and analyzing their coping strategies.

No description available.