Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Precast concrete panels reveal an important architectural and structural function for constructions, and their use has grown in Brazil. Previous studies indicate the panels contribution in reducing efforts and displacements in the main structure, resulting in more economical structures. This work analyzes the panels interaction with the main structure via numerical analysis by using the ANSYS Software, under the effect of lateral actions. Two analyses of one-floor structures are developed: one is constituted of vertical panels connected to the beam and the other one is constituted of horizontal panels connected to the columns, using SOLID65, SOLID45, SHELL63, BEAM4, BEAM44, TARGE170, and CONTA173 finite elements. Results show the importance of the contribution of panels towards the stiffness of the main structure, promoting a reduction in the structure s displacements. Such stiffness causes stresses in the panels and in the connectors, being the latter the most critical. Quite often these stresses are not considered in the structural project. In the second analysis, with the horizontal panels connected to the columns via plate connection, results show that the precast panels contribution to the stiffness of the main structure is highly significant and it is affected by the eccentricity of the connection with occurrence critical stress in the connections and increases as the plate s thickness decreases. The use of plates with greater thickness results in less stress, but they transfer lateral bending to the precast panels. The thermal effect s consideration implies in such a greater tensions in the panels how much in the connections and greater efforts of lateral bending in the panels. The panels contribution may be considered a design strategy, due to the fact that they produce an effective material economy by means of the possibility of reduction of column dimensions. / Os painéis pré-moldados de concreto apresentam função arquitetônica e estrutural importante para as edificações, tendo o seu uso intensificado no Brasil. Estudos anteriores mostram a contribuição dos painéis em reduzir os esforços e deslocamentos da estrutura principal, resultando em estruturas mais econômicas. Este trabalho avalia a interação dos painéis com a estrutura principal por meio de análise numérica utilizando o software ANSYS (versão 9.0), sob o efeito das ações laterais. São desenvolvidas duas análises de estruturas de pavimento único (galpão), uma constituída por painéis verticais fixados na viga e outra por painéis horizontais fixados nos pilares, utilizando-se os elementos finitos SOLID65, SOLID45, SHELL63, BEAM4, BEAM44, TARGE170 E CONTA173. Os resultados obtidos mostram que os painéis contribuem no enrijecimento da estrutura principal, promovendo uma diminuição dos deslocamentos da estrutura. Verifica-se, também, que este enrijecimento ocasiona solicitações nos painéis e nas ligações, sendo estas as mais críticas e, muitas vezes, não são consideradas no projeto estrutural. Na segunda análise, com os painéis horizontais fixados nos pilares por meio de chapas metálicas de ligação, os resultados mostram que a contribuição dos painéis na rigidez da estrutura principal é afetada pelo valor da excentricidade da ligação, com a ocorrência de tensão crítica nas ligações, a qual aumenta com o decréscimo da espessura da chapa. O uso de chapas com espessura maior resulta em menores tensões, mas transferem flexão lateral aos painéis. A consideração do efeito térmico implica em maiores tensões tanto nos painéis quanto nas ligações e em maiores esforços de flexão lateral nos painéis. A contribuição dos painéis pode ser considerada numa estratégia de projeto, uma vez que resulta em economias de materiais por meio da possibilidade de redução da dimensão dos pilares. / Mestre em Engenharia Civil

Submitted by Luanna Matias (lua_matias@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-03-27T17:05:59Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Marcel Willian Reis Sales - 2014.pdf: 4208639 bytes, checksum: b181bf240488740db8489468fb605743 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luanna Matias (lua_matias@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-03-27T18:54:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Marcel Willian Reis Sales - 2014.pdf: 4208639 bytes, checksum: b181bf240488740db8489468fb605743 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-27T18:54:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Marcel Willian Reis Sales - 2014.pdf: 4208639 bytes, checksum: b181bf240488740db8489468fb605743 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Composite beams of steel and concrete are studied for some time. The mechanism of transfer of longitudinal shear stresses on the interface between the beam and the slab usually occurs by means of shear connectors. In this case, the set of two materials behavior depends on the strength and rigidity of the connector on the interface, being well known for connectors with pin-type head associated with massive concrete slab. However, there is little information on shear connectors with pin-type head associated with hollowcore slab concrete. This study aims to determine, by means of direct shear tests, the resistance of connectors with pin-type head when associated with cellular slab and precast concrete presence of cover concrete. Hollow core slabs are analyzed with two different heights and concrete cover of 40 mm in thickness. Is also varied the strength of concrete fill and rate of shear reinforcement at the link. The results are compared with normative prescriptions and suggestions for other jobs. At the end, we propose the modification of an expression commonly used to evaluate the resistance of stud bolt and alveolar slab so as to adapt it to the situation of cellular concrete slab with hood. / As vigas mistas de aço e concreto são estudadas há bastante tempo. O mecanismo de transferência de tensões de cisalhamento longitudinais pela interface entre a viga e a laje normalmente se dá por meio de conectores de cisalhamento. Nesse caso, o comportamento conjunto dos dois materiais depende da resistência e da rigidez do conector na interface, sendo bem conhecido para os conectores do tipo pino com cabeça associados com laje maciça de concreto. Entretanto, há pouca informação sobre conectores de cisalhamento do tipo pino com cabeça associados com laje alveolar de concreto pré-moldado. Este trabalho tem por objetivo determinar, por meio de ensaios de cisalhamento direto, a resistência de conectores do tipo pino com cabeça quando associados com laje alveolar de concreto pré-moldado e presença de capa de concreto. São analisadas lajes alveolares com duas alturas diferentes e capa de concreto de 40 mm de espessura. Também é variada a resistência do concreto de preenchimento e a taxa de armadura transversal à ligação. Os resultados são comparados com prescrições normativas e sugestões de outros trabalhos. Ao final, é proposta a modificação de uma expressão normalmente utilizada para avaliar a resistência do conector tipo pino com cabeça e laje alveolar de modo a adequá-la à situação de laje alveolar com capa de concreto.

La realidad peruana refleja una falta de integración de los sistemas de transporte. Asimismo, se evidencia bajos estándares de calidad con relación a las infraestructuras urbanas y una inseguridad hacia el peatón en la ciudad de Lima, un ejemplo de lo mencionado ocurre en la intersección de la Avenida Javier Prado con Aviación. Mediante el software Vissim-Visswalk 9 se realiza una microsimulación que refleja las trayectorias, frecuencias y composiciones vehiculares y peatonales, la cual se calibra y valida respectivamente. La metodología propuesta describe una delimitación de la intersección mencionada, luego se realiza la clasificación de usuarios de transportes públicos y tipos de vehículos para proceder al levantamiento de información dinámica en cuanto al aforo de vehículos y peatones y posteriormente registrarlas en el Vissim-Viswalk 9. De manera cualitativa, la seguridad vial se evalúa mediante la utilización de listas de chequeo las cuales reflejan claramente una inseguridad y alta vulnerabilidad hacia la integridad del peatón evidenciado en los 13 ítems analizados. La propuesta de solución consiste en el diseño de un conector peatonal de 320 metros, el cual cumple con los reglamentos requeridos ya que tiene un ancho efectivo constante de 1.6 metros y una pendiente máxima de 5% y 10% en el conector y en la rampa, respectivamente. Los resultados demuestran que la propuesta permite una reducción del tiempo de transbordo en un 17.1% y un aumento en la velocidad promedio de 26.1%, asimismo se evidencia un aumento significativo de la seguridad vial hacia los peatones. / Peruvian reality reflects a lack of integration of transport systems. In addition, low quality standards are evident in relation to urban infrastructures and a pedestrian insecurity in the city of Lima, an example of what is mentioned at the intersection of Avenida Javier Prado with Aviacion. The Vissim-Visswalk 9 software performs a microsimulation that reflects the trajectories, frequencies and vehicular and pedestrian compositions, which is calibrated and validated respectively. The proposed methodology describes a delimitation of the mentioned intersection, then the classification of public transport users and vehicle types is carried out to carry out dynamic information regarding the capacity of vehicles and pedestrians and subsequently register them in Vissim-Viswalk 9. Qualitatively, road safety is evaluated by using checklists which clearly reflect insecurity and high vulnerability to pedestrian integrity evident in the 13 items analyzed. The solution proposal consists of the design of a pedestrian connector of 320 meters, which complies with the required regulations since it has a constant effective width of 1.6 meters and a maximum slope of 5% and 10% on the connector and on the ramp, respectively. The results show that the proposal allows for a reduction in transfer time by 17.1% and an increase in average speed of 26.1%, and there is also a significant increase in road safety towards pedestrians. / Tesis

Dielectric High-frequency transmission lines are natural alternative to the lines made of metal in term of low loss. These lines are mainly used in microwave techniques of measuring. The main object is to describe basic parameters of metal and dielectric transmission lines and their comparison. Next point is a basic overview of the excitation the lines from metal and it's application on dielectric transmission lines. Then make the simulation of microstrip directional couplers and coupler made by dielectric waveguides. The last point of work is construction these directional couplers and measuring their most important parameters.

This master's thesis deals with the basic principles of slot antennas. Models of antennas were simulated in a selected electromagnetic simulator CST MICROWAVE STUDIO (CST MWS). There are several models of slot antennas which are optimized for communication in the car at a frequency 8 GHz.

The subject of this masters thesis is preliminary design of III. phase connector road of D7 and D8 motorways near Kralupy nad Vltavou. The reason for this highway design is high traffic intensity. The highway is designed as a road type S9,5/90. Highway design includes two junctions. Junctions are designed in two variants, only one variant of each junction was finalized to more in-depth detail.

This thesis report is about designing a prototype and establishing audio communication between a computer and Digital Signal Processor (DSP) using two preamp circuits using both auxiliary and USB connection. The paper gives the reader an overview on how audio is transmitted from a computer, through the system and to the desired output. The reader should also get a better understanding of how an AD-converter samples the incoming signal to the Discrete plane and how an AUX or phone connector works. This information can be used for designing preamp circuits to communicate between a computer and the DSP. The DSP circuit uses an STM32 processor to control the incoming and outgoing signals with the use of ADC and DAC conversion. The DSP also uses microphones to capture surrounding sound. An addition is to make a prototype on how to use these microphones to  send the signal upstream to the computer. The microphone is then benchmarked with the use of Matlab, calculating Total Harmonic Distortion. Management and optimization of code structure and resources is done in the source files of the project. Using imperative C programing, large functions are broken down into smaller functions to ease readability and control flow. The result is a prototype circuit that can communicate audio signals with both audio jack and USB between computers input and output to the DSP. Using CubeMX in conjunction with CubeIDE to add additional ADC channels to be able to incorporate an automatic source control when the audio jack or USB is connected. / Denna avhandling handlar om att designa en prototyp och etablera ljudkommunikation mellan en dator och en digital signalprocessor (DSP) med hjälp av två förstärkarkretsar genom både aux- och USB-anslutning. Rapporten ger läsaren en översikt över hur ljud skickas från en dator, genom systemet och till önskad utgång. Läsaren bör också få en bättre förståelse för hur en AD-omvandlare fungerar för att sampla den inkommande signalen till tidsdiskreta planet och hur en AUX- eller telekabel fungerar. Målet är att använda denna information för att skapa förstärkare som kan kommunicera mellan en dator och DSP:en. DSP-kretsen använder en STM32-processor för att hantera de inkommande och utgående signalerna med användning av ADC- och DAC-omvandling. DSP:en använder också mikrofoner för att fånga omgivande ljud. Ett tillägg är att skapa en prototyp för hur man kan använda en av mikrofonerna för att skicka signalen till datorn. Mikrofonen jämförs sedan med hjälp av Matlab genom att beräkna total harmonisk distorsion. Hantering och optimering av kodstruktur och resurser görs i projektets källkodsfiler. Genom att använda imperativ C-programmering bryts stora funktioner ned i mindre funktioner för att underlätta läsbarheten och styrningen av flödet. Resultatet är en prototypkrets som kan kommunicera ljudsignaler med både ljuduttag och USB mellan datorns in- och utgång och DSP:en. Genom att använda CubeMX tillsammans med CubeIDE läggs ytterligare ADC-kanaler för att möjliggöra automatisk källkontroll när ljuduttaget eller USB-anslutningen är ansluten.

Dans le présent travail, nous abordons une problématique essentielle liée aux accessoires des lignes électriques et plus particulièrement au connecteur à perforation d’isolant (TTDC 45501 FA), commercialisé par la société Sicame située à Arnac-Pompadour (Corrèze). Ce produit permet d’effectuer des dérivations de courant en moyenne tension gainé HTA entre 15 et 25kV. Cependant, il devient nécessaire de concevoir une nouvelle génération de connecteurs capable de fonctionner à une tension de 52 kV en raison de la constante augmentation des besoins en électricité. En réalité, le principal souci concernant ces produits réside dans l’apparition de décharges partielles dans le volume constitué par la matière isolante (polyamide 6 chargée à 50% en poids de fibres de verre). Ces décharges engendrent un vieillissement prématuré du produit sous l’action conjuguée d’une atmosphère corrosive (brouillard salin) et d’un champ électrique. Ainsi, l’objectif de la présente thèse est de faire, dans un premier temps, un choix approprié de matériaux isolants parmi des polymères thermoplastiques, thermodurcissables époxydes ou élastomères en EPDM, capables de résister à plusieurs contraintes : thermique, électrique, mécanique, chimique et climatique. La partie expérimentale concerne, tout d’abord, la mesure de la tension de contournement, de l’activité des décharges partielles se propageant à la surface des matériaux isolants et de la tension de claquage, en tension alternative (A.C.). Pour cela, des échantillons polymères qui comportent des surfaces planes ou des surfaces pourvues de protubérances ont été moulés en vue de comparer leur comportement diélectrique en présence d’atmosphères polluées de type brouillard salin; ces mesures sont nécessaires pour effectuer un choix approprié du matériau à intégrer dans le connecteur. Par la suite, l’étude et la caractérisation optique et électrique de décharges glissantes, se propageant en surface de divers matériaux polymères, en tension impulsionnelle (L.I.) pour les deux polarités (positive et négative) et pour deux types de champ électrique (normal et tangentiel) sont présentées pour le cas d’une interface solide/air. La mesure de la longueur finale des décharges glissantes et la visualisation de l’onde de courant sont les deux paramètres principaux pour différencier les caractéristiques des matériaux utilisés. L’ensemble des résultats de mesures a permis de sélectionner les résines époxydes cyclo-aliphatiques (CEP) comme candidates potentielles pour la conception d’une nouvelle génération de connecteurs. De plus, la simulation du champ électrique, à l’aide du logiciel Flux 2D/3D, sur le connecteur électrique (TTDC 45501FA) a permis d’aboutir à la proposition d’un prototype de connecteur présentant une nouvelle géométrie et pouvant fonctionner à 52kV. / In the present study, we deal with an essential problem related to electrical lines accessories and more particularly to piercing connectors (TTDC 45501FA) commercialized by a private company named Sicame and which is located in Arnac-Pompadour (Corrèze, France). This product/accessory is designed to provide power diversions on medium voltage live lines HVA operating between 15 and 25kV. However, it becomes required to design a new generation of piercing connectors able to operate on 52kV live lines because of the electrical power demands that are steadily increasing. Actually, the main concerns about these products are the occurrence of partial discharges within the insulating material volume (polyamide 6 containing 50%wt of glass fibers). Most of the time, these discharges induce an early ageing process of the accessory under the combined effects of a corrosive environment (as salt fog) and an electric field threshold. Thus, the main objective of the present Ph.D. thesis is to carry out an appropriate choice of insulating materials among several tested polymers such as thermoplastics and thermosetting epoxy resins and EPDM elastomers that are capable of withstanding several constraints: thermal and electrical and mechanical and chemical conditions. The experimental section is focusing on the measurements of flashover voltage and partial discharges activity propagating on polymeric surfaces and breakdown voltage within material bulks under A.C voltage. That is why polymeric samples with plane surfaces and textured surfaces are molded to compare their resistance to partial discharges when being subjected to polluted environments such as salt fog; these measurements are necessary to choose the suitable materials for the required application to be integrated in the new generation of connectors. Then, the optical and electrical characterization results of creeping discharges propagating on several polymeric surfaces under lightning impulse (L.I.) voltage with its both polarities (positive and negative) and for two kinds of applied electric field (normal and tangential) are presented in the case of solid/air interfaces. Final length measurements of creepage discharges are the main parameter for distinguishing material properties. The whole obtained results (under AC and LI voltages) allow us to point out the cycloaliphatic epoxy resins as potential candidates to the conception of a new generation of piercing connectors. In addition, the electric field simulation and modelling of the TTDC 45501FA connector by using the Flux 2D/3D software seems to be helpful to design a connector prototype which exhibits a new geometry and is able to reach a voltage level that equals 52kV.

Main purpose of the thesis is the creation of a concept a fast-charging station associated with accumulation that uses renewable source. The introduction of the thesis describes a standard that specifies the charge of electric vehicles using direct and alternating current as well. It depicts an overview of using charging connectors. The first part also deals with overview of the technology of renewable sources and exploitation energy storage system for charging station. The second part introduces the theoretical basement for mathematical model of the charging station in Matlab/Simulink. The function of model station is verified by a physical laboratory model. For options verification of the connection station to the distribution net is created simulation of voltage losses in Matlab/Simulink. The thesis shows four 24 hours’ scenarios that have been simulated. According to the assumptions of simulation, the technology of station and connecting component is suggested. Next is the designed energy and financial analysis of the project charging station until 2030.