The problem of Czech society today is foremost the part of corruption that can be labeled as systemic, large scale or political corruption; and its causes, demonstrations, and therefore also possible solutions differ significantly from those for individual bribery. The public still holds very distorted opinions about the causes and therefore also possible solutions of large scale corruption. The most significant is the idea of political corruption as a personal ethical failure of an individual. The solution to this is their replacement. However, past experiences prove that political corruption is a systemic problem and replacement of individuals does not bring a substantial change. To understand how large scale political corruption functions, it is important to know the point of view of politicians who are its direct participants or encounter it. It is established that a significant motivational factor for corruption is an effort of politicians to keep their power and prestige, and with it the need of raising funds for re- election. Key words: corruption, political corruption, systemic corruption, power, status, prestige

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The problem of Czech society today is foremost the part of corruption that can be labeled as systemic, large scale or political corruption; and its causes, demonstrations, and therefore also possible solutions differ significantly from those for individual bribery. The public still holds very distorted opinions about the causes and therefore also possible solutions of large scale corruption. The most significant is the idea of political corruption as a personal ethical failure of an individual. The solution to this is their replacement. However, past experiences prove that political corruption is a systemic problem and replacement of individuals does not bring a substantial change. To understand how large scale political corruption functions, it is important to know the point of view of politicians who are its direct participants or encounter it. It is established that a significant motivational factor for corruption is an effort of politicians to keep their power and prestige, and with it the need of raising funds for re- election. Key words: corruption, political corruption, systemic corruption, power, status, prestige

No description available.

<p>Corruption is a serious problem which has many negative impacts on sustainable economic development globally. The clandestine nature of corruption makes it difficult to detect. Hence, efforts to combat corruption successfully demand comprehensive anti-corruption legislation, strong powers, as well as special investigative techniques and strategies. An effective anti-corruption regime requires a comprehensive anti-corruption legal framework which not only punishes all forms of corruption but also capacitates anti-corruption institutions. A strong anti-corruption agency is a&nbsp / crucial requirement and a necessary part of a country&rsquo / s anti-corruption strategy. The failure or the success of an anti-corruption agency depends on a variety of factors, such as powers and means to detect, investigate and prosecute corruption and related offences. The lack of trained staff, as well as the lack of adequate material resources, also affects the effectiveness of an anti-corruption agency. The anti-corruption agencies covered by this research are not empowered or resourced sufficiently, which may result in their ineffectiveness. This paper provides a set of recommendations in respect of the powers and strategies needed for a successful anti-corruption agency.</p>

<p>Corruption is a serious problem which has many negative impacts on sustainable economic development globally. The clandestine nature of corruption makes it difficult to detect. Hence, efforts to combat corruption successfully demand comprehensive anti-corruption legislation, strong powers, as well as special investigative techniques and strategies. An effective anti-corruption regime requires a comprehensive anti-corruption legal framework which not only punishes all forms of corruption but also capacitates anti-corruption institutions. A strong anti-corruption agency is a&nbsp / crucial requirement and a necessary part of a country&rsquo / s anti-corruption strategy. The failure or the success of an anti-corruption agency depends on a variety of factors, such as powers and means to detect, investigate and prosecute corruption and related offences. The lack of trained staff, as well as the lack of adequate material resources, also affects the effectiveness of an anti-corruption agency. The anti-corruption agencies covered by this research are not empowered or resourced sufficiently, which may result in their ineffectiveness. This paper provides a set of recommendations in respect of the powers and strategies needed for a successful anti-corruption agency.</p>

Magister Legum - LLM / Corruption is among the world's devastating social, economic and political problems. It is enormous to the extent that ''not one single country, anywhere in the world, is corruptionfree''. Its effects on the quality of life of billions of people around the world are widely acknowledged. Kofi Annan, former UN Secretary General, in his statement on the adoption of the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC), proclaimed that: Corruption is an insidious plague that has a wide range of corrosive effects on societies. It undermines democracy and the rule of law, leads to violations of human rights, distorts markets, erodes the quality of life, and allows organised crime, terrorism and other threats to human security to flourish. Corruption takes different forms depending on the time and the social, political and economic circumstances that create avenues for its occurrence. Consequently, scholars construe corruption from different viewpoints. On the one hand, post-colonialists and Marxists perceive corruption as a product of capitalist pursuit of profit and capital accumulation. On the other hand, liberal-rationalists and free-market economists define corruption by looking at its negative effects on development and economic sustainability. The argument is that corruption discourages foreign investment and allows public officials to siphon off resources for their private advantage, thereby defeating the public good. Despite the definitional and ideological differences found in literature, there is an agreement that corruption is a bad thing and should be fought vigorously.

Magister Legum - LLM / Corruption is a serious problem which has many negative impacts on sustainable economic development globally. The clandestine nature of corruption makes it difficult to detect. Hence, efforts to combat corruption successfully demand comprehensive anti-corruption legislation, strong powers, as well as special investigative techniques and strategies. An effective anti-corruption regime requires a comprehensive anti-corruption legal framework which not only punishes all forms of corruption but also capacitates anti-corruption institutions. A strong anti-corruption agency is a crucial requirement and a necessary part of a country's anti-corruption strategy. The failure or the success of an anti-corruption agency depends on a variety of factors, such as powers and means to detect, investigate and prosecute corruption and related offences. The lack of trained staff, as well as the lack of adequate material resources, also affects the effectiveness of an anti-corruption agency. The anti-corruption agencies covered by this research are not empowered or resourced sufficiently, which may result in their ineffectiveness. This paper provides a set of recommendations in respect of the powers and strategies needed for a successful anti-corruption agency. / South Africa

The subject of the thesis is the institutional framework of anti-corruption policy, in particular its anchorage in the form of specialized anti-corruption bodies, referred to as anti-corruption agencies. The aim is to address three main research questions: What specialized anti-corruption bodies exist in the world? How do specialized anti-corruption bodies operate in individual countries? What anti-corruption bodies do exist currently in the Czech Republic and what recommendations can be drawn from the foreign institutional arrangements? To answer them, the current state of research, recommendations and standards for the design and operation of specialized anti-corruption bodies is analysed first. The comparison of anti-corruption agencies in Lithuania, Latvia and Slovenia follows. On this basis, the current situation in the Czech Republic is assessed and recommendations are made. Partial aim of the thesis is to present international discussions and documents, the current state of reseach on this topic in the Czech language, as a comprehensive professional processing of this field is still missing.

Corruption, understood as the misuse of public office for private gain, has become a matter of global concern. Numerous measures being taken, not least in South Africa, to contain its spread are increasingly regarded as attempts in "fighting corruption". The South African public sector provides the context for this study where manifestations of corrupt behaviour may be observed and analysed. Particular attention is given to the role, relevance and costs which, as this study shows, must first be calculated in monetary terms as a fiscal end in order for the task of fighting corruption to produce a sustainable impact. The national strategy developed by the South African government has been compromised by the absence of sufficient resources being committed from the national fiscus for its implementation. It is misleading to assume that new laws and tighter regulations will of themselves serve to deter corrupt practices. One notices a plethora of public administration reforms being initiated to control and prevent corruption in line with international best practice. Yet, as this study concludes, such efforts even at higher fiscal cost will not necessarily contribute to reduced corruption. No attempt should be made to create a situation of a "zero tolerance" level of corruption as this is not possible. Ultimately, the challenge for the South African public sector is to seek ways of rationalising existing resources such that a single agency led by someone with moral authority can be vested with powers to lead the fight against corruption. / Public Administration / (D. Litt. et Phil. (Public Administration)