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Defoe and Fielding were intensely concerned with the social conditions of the time. The upsurge in crime constituted a threat to the ordinary citizen as well as a danger to civilized values. As Fielding in particular showed, exploitation of the ordinary citizen took place under the guise of respectability. It was the task of the writer to remove this guise and examine the real motives behind the actions of a particular individual and judge that person according to strict moral standards. The criminal was not simply a member of the lower classes; he could be a member of the aristocracy or of the government. The times were corrupt; Defoe and Fielding had to come to terms with this corruption by examining the motives behind it and the possible remedies for it. The difference between the various levels in society becomes blurred in their writings in order to make the point that robbery on the highway and robbery by the apparently respectable memeers of society are one and the same thing; both have to be exposed in order to preserve civilized standards. Both writers were searching for the truth, and took care to examine the individual circumstances surrounding a person's lapse into crime so that the fairest judgement possible could be made. This seeking after truth guides them in their fight against crime and corruption

Thesis (Ph. D.)--UCLA, 2009. / Vita. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 197-207).

The thesis aims to mesh narrative theory with theory of empathy in a study of two novels by Graham Greene, A Gun for Sale (1936) and Brighton Rock (1938), where the use of narrative building blocks from the crime thriller genre and the empathy that the characters may evoke are analysed. The second aim is to discuss how to implement the rather complex works of Graham Greene in the EFL classroom. The key analytical devices for this essay are narratology and empathy, particularly difficult empathy. Narrative scaffolding helps students to discern recurring themes, character types and functions different in narratives, thus enabling them to transfer reading experiences to other texts as well. This thesis argues that Greene’s A Gun for Sale and Brighton Rock are useable in the EFL classroom, not despite, but because their great complexity, as discussions of difficult empathy in villainous characters and moral dilemmas will help develop fundamental values such as empathy and understanding of others, thus widening students’ understanding of both different kinds of literature and the world in which they live.

Introduction: The aim of this paper is to discuss the phenomenon of the Shoah from most angles and sides to avoid simplification and generalization. The result is the creation of activities for pupils outlining the Holocaust, the Shoah. I want to combine eyewitness testimony uměleckoliterárním rendition of the theme of the Shoah. For greater expertise as a starting point of my work I choose: I. general characteristics of totalitarianism or the system that gave rise to the Shoah, II. insight into historical context, as my activity is usable in more subjects: literature, civics and history is necessary for me this season prepared and factually. III. The art of literature related to the topic of the Shoah affected by the "wine", I will try to demonstrate the immanence of the destruction of human society, which is also what should be heard even at the end of my activities. IV. The final activity will be articulated eyewitness testimony and artistic text (which process the same historical events) will be outlined their educational use in the subjects: civics, history and literature. Target activity will be interdisciplinary, as it is mainly designed for the needs of secondary schools, for the interconnection of multiple information sources and their mutual confrontation, which leads to less distortion of...

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:58:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cecilia Lara da Cruz.pdf: 1911618 bytes, checksum: 513402344e1247180a54afeefc085696 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-10-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research investigates the connection between ethics and aesthetics in the representation of violence in the novel Cidade de Deus by Paulo Lins. The intense presence of violence in Brazilian history is articulated not only with forms and themes, but also with the ways artists express themselves, including in literature. The so-called crime fiction literature, which Cidade de Deus stands out as an example of, shows violence in an urban context as the main theme. This research aims to contribute to the studies on representations of violence and their meanings in literature and how that advanced Brazilian literary criticism, by analyzing the formal features and thematic aspects of the novel Cidade de Deus. We attempt to analyze the description of violence in the book, especially regarding the limits and representation possibilities within the ethical sphere, considering how it s impossible to represent the catastrophe. Issues we address are: the author s point of view and how he represents it; the outlines for representing extreme situations, which cannot be compared to anything other situation; the fact that the representation of violence brings implications to realism and the insight built by Paulo Lins and the possible connections between the representation of violence in the novel and the concepts of trauma, testimony, and melancholy, the way they have current been used in critical literary. The results show that Cidade de Deus can t be considered a testimonio due to the fact that this genre is set in post-dictatorial Latin America, despite its POV-style (Point of View) content, among other reasons, because it does not present a hesitant and unreliable narrator. We have also demonstrated that the insight s effect, hailed by critics, consists of literary and non-literary aspects and procedures. Moreover, we conclude and try to prove that Lins's novel is irregular, since it occasionally brings the representation of violence in order to encompass multiple meanings; in other times, it brings joy through stereotypical representations of violence. The theoretical framework is grounded in the proposals of Karl Erik Schollhammer, Tania Pellegrini, Jaime Ginzburg, Márcio Seligmann-Silva, Antonio Candido, Beatriz Resende and Hal Foster / Esta pesquisa consiste em investigar imbricamentos éticos e estéticos da representação da violência no romance Cidade de Deus, de Paulo Lins. A intensa e contínua presença da violência na História do Brasil está articulada tanto com as formas e os temas das manifestações artísticas brasileiras contemporâneas, inclusive as literárias, como com seus modos de produção e recepção. A chamada literatura marginal, da qual Cidade de Deus é um dos principais representantes, traz a violência, via contexto urbano, como protagonista. Procuramos apreender a inscrição da violência nesta obra, especialmente no que se refere aos limites e possibilidades de representação dentro da esfera da ética, considerando a própria impossibilidade da representação da catástrofe. As questões-problemas que abordamos dizem respeito à contaminação do ponto de vista e às questões de representatividade do autor; aos contornos dados para situações-limite, que não admitem termos de comparação; às implicações que a representação da violência traz ao realismo e à visão interna construídos por Paulo Lins, e às possibilidades de relação da representação da violência no romance com os conceitos de trauma, testemunho e melancolia, da forma como eles têm sido trabalhados na crítica literária atualmente. Os resultados mostram que Cidade de Deus não pode ser considerado um testimonio da forma como este gênero se configurou na América Latina pós-ditatorial, entre outras razões, pelo fato de não constituir um narrador hesitante e não confiável , não obstante seu teor testemunhal. Demonstramos também que o efeito visão interna , festejado pela fortuna crítica do romance, é constituído por procedimentos e aspectos literários e extraliterários. Ademais, concluímos e procuramos demonstrar que a irregularidade marca o romance de Lins, uma vez que ele nos traz, em algumas passagens, a representação da violência de forma a engendrar múltiplos sentidos; em outras passagens, deixa-se levar pela fruição de um deleite causado pela representação estereotipada da violência. A fundamentação teórica assenta-se nas propostas de Karl Erik Schollhammer, Tânia Pellegrini, Jaime Ginzburg, Márcio Seligmann-Silva, Antonio Candido, Beatriz Resende e Hal Foster

In this thesis, I examine representations of women and gender in British ‘Golden Age' crime fiction by writers including Margery Allingham, Christianna Brand, Agatha Christie, Ngaio Marsh, Dorothy L. Sayers, Josephine Tey and Patricia Wentworth. I argue that portrayals of women in these narratives are ambivalent, both advocating a modern, active model of femininity, while also displaying with their resolutions an emphasis on domesticity and on maintaining a heteronormative order, and that this ambivalence provides a means to deal with anxieties about women's place in society. This thesis is divided thematically, beginning with a chapter on historical context which provides an overview of the period's key social tensions. Chapter II explores depictions of women who do not conform to the heteronormative order, such as spinsters, lesbians and ‘fallen' women. Chapter III looks at the ways in which the courtships and marriages of detective couples attempt to negotiate the ideal of companionate marriage and the pressures of a ‘cult of domesticity'. Chapter IV considers the ways in which depictions of women in schools, universities and the workplace are used to explore the tensions between an expanding role in the public sphere and the demand to inhabit traditionally domestic roles. The thesis concludes with a discussion of the image of female victims' and female killers' bodies and the ways in which such depictions can be seen to expose issues of gender, class and identity. Through its examination of a wide variety of texts and writers in the period 1920 to the late 1940s, this thesis investigates the ambivalent nature of modes of femininity depicted in Golden Age crime fiction written by women, and argues that seemingly conservative resolutions are often attempts to provide a ‘modern-yet-safe' solution to the conflicts raised in the texts.

Thesis (M.A. (Hons.))--University of Wollongong, 2006. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references: leaf 159-171.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--UCLA, 2009. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 207-216).

Revision of the author's thesis (doctoral)--Paris VII, 1987. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 441-449).