The Strong Black Woman Schema (SBWS) is a cultural expectation placed on black women to unfailingly display signs of strength and caretaker qualities, while suppressing their emotions. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between the SBWS and psychological distress, suicidal behaviors, and resilience. Researchers expected to find a positive relationship between the SBWS and psychological distress, a positive relationship between the SBWS and resilience, and an undefined relationship between the SBWS and suicidal behaviors. The study also examined the potential moderating effects of the SBWS and resilience on the existing psychological distress-suicidal behaviors relationship. Lastly, the study examined how socioeconomic status moderates the relationship between the SBWS and psychological distress. It was expected that the SBWS and resilience would weaken the relationship between psychological distress and suicidal behaviors; higher socioeconomic status would weaken the relationship between the SBWS and psychological distress. Researchers recruited 177 black women to take a 30-minute survey. A bivariate correlation analysis showed that the SBWS shares a positive relationship with psychological distress, including depression, anxiety, and stress, and suicidal behaviors. However, resilience was not associated with the SBWS. Resilience was found to moderate the psychological distress-suicidal behaviors relationship, while the SBWS did not. Socioeconomic status did not moderate the relationship between the SBWS and psychological distress. The findings of this study bear important clinical and community implications. By determining the harmful effects of the SBWS, further research can be conducted on how black woman, mental health professionals, and community advocates can mitigate its effects.

Mental health has received more attention and stigma associated with it has decreased over time in the United States. However, subpopulations have differing views on mental illness since cultural factors can shape perceptions of and influence access to mental health information. Previous studies have investigated such cultural factors among Sunni Muslims (the majority sect of Islam) and less so among Shia Muslims (the minority sect). To address this gap, two research questions were investigated in this project: (1) What are the mental health attitudes among Shia Muslim adults in the United States, and (2) How much mental health knowledge or literacy do Shia Muslim adults in the United States have? A survey was created to assess Shia Muslim mental health attitudes (including stigma) and knowledge. Using snowball sampling, 256 responses were collected. Analysis showed Shia Muslims believe biological, sinful, spiritual, and external factors contribute to mental illness and have low social stigma towards the mentally ill. They also have high mental health knowledge/literacy. Barriers to care reported include cost, time, mistrust of the mental healthcare system, social/self-stigma, and lack of culturally competent care.

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Bakgrund: I vår globaliserade värld ökar antalet invånare födda utomlands i Sverige, vilket utmanar sjuksköterskor vid vården av patienter med annan kulturell bakgrund. Forskning visar att språkbarriärer kan leda till frustration hos både sjuksköterskor och patienter. Genom att öka förståelsen för sjuksköterskors upplevelser av att vårda mångkulturella patienter kan vi förbättra vården och skapa en tryggare miljö. Syfte: Att beskriva sjuksköterskans upplevelser av att vårda patienter avvikande från majoritetskulturen inom sjukvården. Metod: Kvalitativ litteraturöversikt. Sökningar i PubMed och Cinahl resulterade i 12 artiklar som granskades noga och sammanställdes i en tabell. Dessa analyserades med Fribergs (2022) fyra analyssteg. Resultat: Vid möten med patienter från olika kulturella bakgrunder låg det primära ansvaret hos sjuksköterskor att upprätthålla hälsa och vård på lika villkor. Respekt för individens värdighet och mångfald, samt anpassning av vården för den mångkulturella befolkningen, var avgörande. Sjuksköterskors kulturella kompetens var central för anpassad vård. Kommunikationsbarriärer, tolkstrategier, fördomshantering och andliga behov var viktiga fokusområden. Diskussion: Utmaningar uppstår vid transkulturella vårdmöten på grund av språkliga hinder, anhörigas deltagande samt kulturella skillnader. Kulturell kompetensbrist påverkar vården negativt vid möten med patienter från olika kulturella bakgrunder då sjuksköterskor inte upplever sig ha tillräckligt med kompetens för att vårda på ett transkulturellt sätt.  Slutsats: Fortsatta brister finns i att integrera kulturell kompetens i sjukvårdssystemet, vilket påverkar sjuksköterskors förmåga att möta olika kulturella behov. Det blir alltmer viktigt att skapa en miljö som främjar kulturell mångfald för att kunna erbjuda högkvalitativ vård till en varierad patientpopulation. / Background: In our globalized world, the number of foreign-born residents in Sweden is increasing, which challenges nurses when caring for patients with a different cultural background. Research shows that language barriers can lead to frustration for both nurses and patients. By increasing the understanding of nurses' experiences of caring for multicultural patients, we can improve care and create a safer environment. Purpose: To describe the nurse's experiences of caring for patients deviating from the majority culture in healthcare. Method: A qualitative literature review. Searches in PubMed and Cinahl resulted in 12 articles that were carefully reviewed and compiled in a table. These were analysed using Friberg's (2022) four analysis steps. Results: In encounters with patients from different cultural backgrounds, the primary responsibility of nurses was to maintain health and care on equal terms. Respect for the individual's dignity and diversity, as well as adaptation of care for the multicultural population, was crucial. Nurses' cultural competence was central to adapted care. Communication barriers, interpreting strategies, prejudice management and spiritual needs were important areas of focus. Discussion: Challenges arise in transcultural healthcare encounters due to linguistic barriers, participation of relatives and cultural differences. The lack of cultural competence negatively impacts care during interactions with patients from diverse cultural backgrounds, as nurses feel they lack the expertise to provide transcultural care. Conclusion: Continued shortcomings persist in integrating cultural competence into the healthcare system, affecting nurses' ability to address diverse cultural needs. It becomes increasingly crucial to foster an environment that promotes cultural diversity to deliver high-quality care to a varied patient population.

No / There is apparent under-reporting of child sexual abuse in Britain¿s Asian communities and a varied capacity amongst professionals to respond with cultural competence. Professional approaches originate in cultural contexts, which are often different from those of most British Asians. If the proportion of children and non-abusing carers from Asian communities who access relevant services is to increase, professionals need to develop better understandings of cultural imperatives which determine behaviour in those communities. Consultations with Asian women in Bradford reinforce the view that culturally competent practice and respectful dialogue are essential to the protection of children. They also highlight a number of recurring themes. Members of Asian communities are aware of child sexual abuse, they recognize that the issue needs to be addressed by all communities and they report that many of those affected within their own communities have found it difficult to access relevant services. These consultations, like reports of similar work elsewhere, indicate that difficulties, which appear to arise from Asian women¿s fears about how agencies will respond, are frequently compounded by the impact of cultural imperatives arising from izzat (honour/respect), haya (modesty) and sharam (shame/embarrassment), which have a considerable influence on how many will behave.

Interpreter services play an integral role in ensuring equity in healthcare for patients with limited English proficiency (LEP), whose language barrier places them at increased risk for healthcare disparities. Even with the growing number of non-English-speaking patients, a sizeable number being Spanish-speaking, and although such training leads to more culturally competent care with better patient outcomes, there is little curricular time during medical school devoted to effectively using interpreters. This study aimed to understand better how medical education prepares future physicians for their encounters with LEP patients and what experiences they would appreciate in their medical training. Temple LKSOM student from the class of 2024-2027 (M1-M4s), were recruited through flyers and educator announcements to participate in three virtual focus groups with a total of 26 participants. Qualitative data analysis resulted in five themes which were: students felt that interpreters were integral to culturally competent care, students who speak another language have the undue burden of interpreting even when not comfortable doing so, students felt that there was not enough training in medical school regarding various types of interpreters, how to reach them or how to use them properly, students are open to doctoring sessions or simulations with non-English speaking standardized patients and interpreters, and the final theme was that there mixed feelings amongst students regarding the desire to have OSCEs with non-English speaking standardized patients and interpreters. / Urban Bioethics