Heritage tourism has taken deep roots over the last decade with several destination management areas effectively carving a niche for themselves as places that offer products that help people to relive history. For Ghana, with its various forts and castles spread along its coastline; inhabitants of such communities have taken it for granted that tourists visit.Emerging research has shown that when an area is able to package its heritage artifacts and monuments in an integrated manner with its culture, no matter what it is; then it can be more successful in marketing its tourism products for sustainable development.The culture of a place however, cannot be looked at in isolation. The immediate and remote influences all around it must be explored. Butre as a tourist community, has had its culture over the last couple of years been open to influences not only from tourists but also from the larger globalization platform; brought on by travel, access to satellite TV, mobile phone and Internet access etc. Over the course of the few weeks I spent in Butre, talking to and following the lives of 8 community members; I realized that the rich history of the fort which goes to reinforce our colonial history which is of course, significant to the outside world is left largely untold. My motivation for embarking on this study stemmed from a fascination in knowing why tourists would choose to visit one particular site within the same geographical area. Does the lives and culture of the people there matter at all? The results as this study showed, buttressed the point made in the opening paragraph that yes indeed, we as a people living in these areas do take for granted the artifact, its history and the giant number of tourists that come to see the peculiarities that our area offers. To revert this however, we must begin to think of employing the tried and tested community-participation methodologies that foster sustainable development through the integration of the very important and interrelated strands of culture, heritage and people.

This thesis studies contemporary China's heritage boom phenomenon as experienced through the everyday lives of antiquarian communities (collectors, antique dealers etc.) and heritage professionals in and around Beijing. Aiming to extend our vision beyond heritage sites and museums, which constitute the traditional subject of anthropological studies of heritage, the thesis explores the ways in which 'heritage' and 'treasure' are lived by wider Chinese urban residents, constituting a total social fact. Challenging the popular assumption made by heritage scholars in which heritage phenomenon is considered a by-product of modernity's tendency to contrast the current progress with the past as a benchmark, this thesis argues that contemporary China's heritage fever is, however, a social symptom of utopian replacement, in which the idea of linear progress promised by modernisation has been challenged by a recent nationwide utopian project of returning to 'the prosperous age' ('shengshi') with its emphasis on cyclical 'rise and fall'. Treasures of China, as 'Fragments of the Prosperous Age', have thus emerged as powerful imaginaries and resources to open up a utopian vision of ideal society based on fantastic imaginations of China's past glories. Foregrounding the relations between heritage and utopianism, the thesis subsequently investigates the complex ways in which heritage activists from state systems and antiquarian communities contribute to the utopian project from different pathways, bifurcating China's heritage phenomenon into formal and informal parts. Chapters one and two demonstrate that state-led imaginings have changed from the evolutionary perspective to one pursuing the glory of the past under the new spell of 'civilisational revival'. Officials and activists associated with formal heritage deploy a variety of discursive and bureaucratic technologies to securitise, manage and utilise China's ancient treasures, so as to legitimise the current regime. On the other hand, Chapters three and four show that collectors associated with informal heritage encounter fragments of the past in a bodily and joyful way. In ordinary antiquarian practices which juxtapose the cultivation of moral self with the patination of antique objects, collectors pursue an archaic yet neoliberal custodianship which has altered the ethics and sense of moral responsibility in the domains of market exchange. These two factions in China's heritage world may differ from each other in many aspects, but Chapter five suggests both of them, in fact, conspire to reproduce ancient 'prosperous age' ('shengshi') in the present and for the future. The thesis concludes with a discussion about the extent to which Hegel's future-oriented conception of 'capitalised History' that structures the writing of national history has transformed into a 'capitalised Heritage' in contemporary China. 'Capitalised Heritage' works to recast the importance of the Chinese nation in the contemporary world, reaching an ultimate reconciliation with the spectre and material legacies of the past.

No abstract available. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 1999.

O orientador mencionado na lista da Folha de Aprova??o, conforme consta na vers?o impressa do trabalho. / ?rea de concentra??o: Ci?ncias Humanas. / Linha de pesquisa: Hist?ria, Cultura e Arqueologia. / Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-04-03T12:42:01Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) thaisa_dayanne_almeida_macedo.pdf: 7456673 bytes, checksum: 29c01cd6e85ebd015aad3c40037a4528 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-04-09T17:15:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) thaisa_dayanne_almeida_macedo.pdf: 7456673 bytes, checksum: 29c01cd6e85ebd015aad3c40037a4528 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-09T17:15:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) thaisa_dayanne_almeida_macedo.pdf: 7456673 bytes, checksum: 29c01cd6e85ebd015aad3c40037a4528 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) / Este trabalho tem como por finalidade relatar as experi?ncias as reflex?es decorrentes de uma experi?ncia de Educa??o Patrimonial realizada na cidade de Fel?cio dos Santos- MG. Parte-se do princ?pio de que mais do que um conjunto de conceitos, a Educa??o Patrimonial apresenta-se como base de conhecimento capaz de gerar nos indiv?duos a no??o de cidadania, voltada para a necessidade de sensibilizar acerca do patrim?nio (material e imaterial). O estabelecimento de metodologias e pr?ticas que cooperam para a valoriza??o e apropria??o do patrim?nio arqueol?gico ? significativamente importante para a valoriza??o e preserva??o dos bens culturais e das mem?rias e narrativas interligadas a eles. Pois, trata-se de tentar compreender o olhar das comunidades perante as identidades e hist?rias do seu pr?prio lugar e com as express?es culturais em torno delas. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa aqui apresentada se fundamenta na diversidade das mem?rias e nas multiplicidades de hist?rias, contos e causos, como pressuposto para criar aproxima??es entre o conhecimento cient?fico e a comunidade. Possui como foco principal uma regi?o que por algum tempo tem sido local de desenvolvimento de pesquisas no campo da arqueologia pelo Laborat?rio de Arqueologia e Estudo da Paisagem (LAEP/CEGEO/UFVJM). Almeja-se, assim, a constru??o metodologias e pr?ticas que possam dar significados sociais e culturais aos vest?gios arqueol?gicos e hist?ricos, possibilitando ?s comunidades detentoras deste patrim?nio a compreens?o da import?ncia da prote??o, valoriza??o e respeito (sobre) do patrim?nio hist?rico, arqueol?gico e cultural. Considera-se a Arqueologia P?blica como um aparato adequado para ser utilizado neste tipo de estudo, uma vez que, em seus princ?pios valoriza envolvimento do p?blico, em uma constru??o do conhecimento cient?fico atrav?s da interface entre Arqueologia-Sociedade. Dessa forma, o desejo por conhecer e divulgar o patrim?nio cultural da cidade acabou por colocar o p?blico envolvido como sujeitos fundamentais para os objetivos por n?s tra?ados. Cabe salientar que antes de tudo, a pesquisa nos revelou que h? um universo imerso nas comunidades que precisa ser conhecido. E que conhecer esse universo ? uma responsabilidade social reservada aos pesquisadores e profissionais que aventuram atr?s de descobertas naquelas terras. / Disserta??o (Mestrado Profissional) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncias Humanas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2017. / This work aims to report the experiences of the reflections resulting from a Heritage Education experience held in the city of Fel?cio dos Santos - MG. It is assumed that more than one set of concepts, Heritage Education presents itself as a knowledge base capable of creating in individuals the notion of citizenship, focused on the need to raise awareness about the heritage (material and immaterial). The establishment of methodologies and practices that cooperate for the valorization and appropriation of the archaeological heritage is significantly important for the valuation and preservation of the cultural assets and of the memories and narratives interconnected to them. It tries to understand the community's view of the identities and histories of their own place and the cultural expressions around them. In this sense, the research presented here focuses on the diversity of the memories and on the multiplicities of stories, oral and non-oral. All of them are seen as a presupposition to create approximations between scientific knowledge and the community. It has as main focus a region which for some time has been a place of research development in the field of archeology by the Laboratory of Archeology and Landscape Studies (LAEP / CEGEO / UFVJM). It is hoped, therefore, to construct methodologies and practices that can give social and cultural meanings to the archaeological and historical vestiges. It will enable the communities that hold this patrimony to understand the importance of protection, valorization and respect (about) the historical, archaeological, and cultural patrimony. Public archeology is considered as a suitable apparatus to be used in this type of study, since, in its principles it values public involvement in a construction of scientific knowledge through the interface between Archeology and Society. In this way, the desire of knowing and divulging the cultural heritage of the city ended up putting the public involved as fundamental subjects for the goals we have set. It should be noted that, first of all, this research has revealed to us that there is a universe immersed in the communities that needs to be known. And that knowing this universe it is a social responsibility reserved for researchers and professionals who venture behind discoveries in those lands.

Museums can be productive sites for the study of society, because they are spaces where the constitution of knowledge about the past is made visible through public display. Playing an important role in the performance and legitimisation of national culture, museums in Scotland pay particular attention to the education of children. It is often claimed that children can gain an understanding of their history through physical engagement with museum collections. Both the ‘past’ and the ‘future’ are thus constituted within the museum. Through an exploration of children’s education at the National Museum of Scotland and The Lewis Chessmen: Unmasked touring exhibition, I argue that efforts by museums to exert control over ongoing processes through which subjects and objects, past and future, nations and heritage are constituted can be deeply challenged by children and museum objects, both of whose status remain inherently dynamic and unstable. Despite the museum’s claims to have “real things [objects] revealing stories”, objects rarely reveal narratives beyond those exerted upon them. They are, instead, materially and relationally constituted in particular places, at particular times. The same ‘instability’ applies to children visiting the museum. Children engage with the material stuff of the museum in surprising and unpredictable ways. This dynamic, multisensory interaction enables children to pursue personal projects, which do not necessarily adhere to the agendas of the museum. Yet, children often do go along with the museum’s narratives, commonly accepting what they are told by adults about the objects they are handling. They are also deeply concerned with the authenticity of these objects. Whether an objects is ‘real’ or not, however, is not necessarily judged by the same standards shared with the museum. Children’s awareness of a ‘real’ object’s metonymical presence not only enables an experiential encounter with the past, but also enables them to work out their own positions within the power structures of the museum; testing their own concerns relating to trust, truth, value and the process of becoming adults.

The tourism phenomenon has shifted focus from a purely economic and business development strategy towards sustainable development and community-based tourism. It currently emphasises the importance of responsible tourism development. A growing trend in South Africa and KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) is the promotion for tourists and host destinations to take responsibility for local resources, including cultural and natural resources. As a result, the proliferation of cultural, heritage and natural centred attractions have emerged throughout the province. However, this shift in thinking has not always managed to result in sustainable and successful tourism projects in practice. The academia emphasises the breach that exists in community participation and levels of management in many community-based initiatives. This research project proposes that sustainable tourism development requires a thorough examination of how communities perceive the tourism phenomenon and how they would like to see their own cultural identity represented to tourists. The case study of the Van Reenen community was interspersed with visual research methods in order to elicit a purer response from the local community. It questions what influences people’s perceptions of their collective and individual social identities. This research used conventional interview methods combined with two visual methodologies, namely auto-driven elicitation and photo elicitation. The former removes the researcher from the image-making process and involves the use of photographs or visual art produced by the research subjects in response to a specific question. The latter method is based on the idea of placing a photograph into a research interview and structuring questions around it. The theoretical framework of this study considers cultural self-representation as a tool to enhance community participation which can result in more sustainable and authentic experiences for both the tourists as well as the host community. Referring to the gap which exists in sustainable tourism development, this method can be very productive to increase community tourism knowledge development and participation. The results of this research will enable the local community to produce marketing literature; enable the N3 Toll Concession (Pty) Ltd (the project sponsor) to enhance community-based tourism (CBT) in the area, and inform future projects. The participant data reveals that this particular rural community is substantially influenced by their most immediate surroundings. It can therefore be assumed that the community has a perception which values that their current cultural and natural heritage can be utilised as vehicles for tourism development. The case study identifies its own limitations in not eliciting enough useful data from participant self-analysis. The visual methods used in this study provide tourism development projects with a tool to increase community commitment through real involvement as well as constructions of authentically unique products for the tourists. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2012.

This thesis explores the potential of Nigerian popular music as an approach to nation branding. The study employs qualitative content analysis to analyze select Nigerian music genres to examine how Nigeria is portrayed to international audiences and the economic benefits that can be derived from this form of branding. The analysis focuses on narrative themes of “the value of hard work,” “ethnic pride,” “lavish lifestyle,” and the impact of differences which were derived from the data. Findings indicate that Nigeria is globally reckoned for its musical prowess and rich cultural heritage. In highlighting the role of music in Nigeria’s political processes, the research demonstrates a growing sense of national identity and political awareness among the masses, thereby making a case for accountability and transparency in Nigeria’s governance. Additionally, music emerges as one of the major contributors to Nigeria’s economy, serving as a powerful tool for visibility and attracting foreign investments.

La Tesi indaga sulle attività finalizzate a valorizzare i beni culturali materiali e immateriali che costituiscono una risorsa del nostro paese, formalmente molto tutelata, ma ancora poco valorizzata. L’obiettivo è quello di delineare politiche e progetti territoriali e urbani a partire dal riconoscimento del valore dei beni culturali da parte delle comunità locali, e gli strumenti di gestione e di valutazione a sostegno di scelte condivise e fattibili. Le azioni da intraprendere riguarderanno più forme di turismo culturale integrate con più campi di attività sociale ed economica nella convinzione che ciò possa garantire uno sviluppo “sostenibile”, attraverso un equilibrio tra popolazione residente e popolazione turistica e tra i canali di investimento pubblici e privati in più settori di attività economica. Il lavoro si sviluppa in una prima parte indagando le dinamiche turistiche, il significato di cultura e bene culturale, gli approcci finalizzati all'analisi dei fenomeni culturali e termina con l’elaborazione di una matrice e dei relativi indicatori e campi di indagine, sottoposta agli operatori economici circa le potenzialità e le criticità del sistema turistico italiano. La seconda parte descrive l’importanza ed il ruolo di alcuni personaggi del passato e di oggi, che hanno contribuito al miglioramento della qualità della vita attraverso interventi nei settori della cultura e della domanda sociale. Inoltre sono stati affinati ed ampliati i campi di indagine e gli indicatori della matrice, somministrata a più categorie di stakeholders, con l’obiettivo di indagare le differenze di approccio e di punto di vista di operatori privati e pubblici. L'ultima parte della Tesi traccia una proposta di procedura per la programmazione e per la valorizzazione degli attrattori turistici locali, individuando come volano la componente culturale presente in ognuno di essi e le modalità di integrazione con altri aspetti del territorio, con particolare attenzione alle località del territorio italiano meno conosciute. / This PhD Thesis investigates the activities aimed to promote cultural heritage and intangible assets that constitute a resource of our country, formally very protected, but still little valorized. The mission is to delineate urban and territorial policies and projects, starting from the recognition of cultural heritage value by local communities, and delineate tools for management and promotion supporting feasible and shared choices. Actions to be undertaken will concern many cultural tourism types integrated with social and economic activities, because the belief is that all of this will ensure “sustainable” development. This is possible through a balance between resident and touristic population, and through public and private investment channels in many sectors of economic activity. The first part of the Thesis investigates the tourism’s dynamics, culture and cultural heritage’s meaning. This part inquires approaches aimed to analyze cultural phenomena, and it ends with developing a matrix with associated indicators and research’s range, to submit to economic stakeholders to investigate potentiality and critical aspects of Italian tourism. The second part of Thesis describes the importance of some present and past characters who have contributed to improve quality of life, through interventions in cultural and in social demand’s areas. In this part it has been refined the range of investigation and the matrix’s indicators, and the matrix has been given to various groups of stakeholders, with the aim to explore the differences in terms of approaches and viewpoints of private and public operators. The third, and the last, part of the Thesis tries to draw a procedure’s proposal to program and valorize the local touristic attractors, identifying in each of them the cultural component, and how they interact with other aspects of the territory, focusing on lesser-known places of Italian territory.

[pt] A partir do conceito de intervenção de Robert Smithson criado nos final dos anos 60, em que transforma a própria ideia de sítio utilizada inicialmente nos trabalhos de Land art, ao trabalhar de forma orientada para os sites específicos e permite que sejam escavadas diferentes camadas de significado presentes nesses locais, reafirmando a capacidade da arte em penetrar questões de natureza política, econômica, social e cultural e introduzir um olhar crítico sobre a situação urbana. Tais contribuições de Smithson basearam as intervenções do projeto Arte/Cidade em seus quatro módulos realizados na cidade de São Paulo, no período de 1997 a 1997. As instalações do projeto levaram em consideração a escala urbana assim como aspectos sociais e políticos que insidiam em áreas escolhidas e enfatizaram contradições, perdas de referências e transformações sofridas pela metrópole. Busca-se no presente trabalho avaliar as contribuições do terceiro módulo do projeto, A Cidade e suas Histórias ocorrido na cidade de São Paulo em 1997, e suas articulações com história, patrimônio e utilização do espaço urbano na metrópole. / [en] From the concept of intervention of Robert Smithson created in the late 60s, it transforms the very idea of site initially used in the works of Land Art, while working in a targeted manner to specific sites and allows different layers of meaning are excavated present at these sites, confirming the ability of art to penetrate matters of political, economic, social and cultural nature and introduce a critical eye on the urban situation. Such contributions Smithson based project interventions Art / Town in its four modules conducted in the city of São Paulo, in the period 1997-1997. Facilities project took into consideration the urban scale as well as social and political aspects which threaten areas chosen and emphasized contradictions, loss of referrals and transformation within the metropolis. Search in the present work was to evaluate the contributions of the third module of the project, The City & Histories held in São Paulo in 1997, and its links with history, heritage and use of urban space in the metropolis.

No description available.