Abstract While reviewing the global economy in the year 2008, the violent vibration of the raw material cost and the subprime mortgage issue, both resulted in financial Tsunami, and the negative effects are extending gradually. While facing the severe global financial crisis and the unpredictable economic situation in the future, many companies on one hand, reduce capital expenditure, and decrease inventory to ensure long-term business operation, on the other hand, they also look for new markets, new business model, and new business strategy to create new aspects in a global competition. While encountering the severest financial Tsunami, the Taiwanese electronics industry worries about their future. Therefore, this thesis is trying to take company A, whose main business is customization products, as a study case; and by studying the business strategies of company A, we expect to provide a successful reference model for Taiwanese electronics industry. The conclusions of the thesis are as below: The competitive advantages of company A are: 1. Maintaining long-term companionship and cooperation with the 1st Tier NB customers. 2. the excellent ability of product diversification and customization. 3. Flexibility on manufacturing. 4. Continued creative way of thinking. 5. Big Customers of diversification. 6. diversification of products creates 3 growing S curves. 7. Maintaining long-term cooperation with chipset venders, EMS factories and banks. Profiting elements of company A on successful business operation: 1. reinforcing the strategic advantage of the diversified products. 2. strategic lowering on profit. 3. Developing more customers of different fields. 4. Continue to maintain long-term cooperation with chipset companies and NB customers. Business strategy of company A on sustained competitive business model: 1. Products and Markets: a. strategy: developing products on diversification. b. Aiming at the target market on diversified operation. 2. Manufacturing: strategy of outsourcing production, the outsourcing factories need to possess the advantages as below: high producing ability, high quality, convenient local service, logistics management and flexibility. 3. Marketing/Service: a. providing the customer a ¡§total solution¡¨, i.e. one-stop shopping service. b. Cooperative design, development, and customization with the customer 4. Research and Development: Proceeding design and R&D, aiming at the future developing trend and demands of the customers and IC companies. 5. Financing the Company a. never lose money in doing business. b. Not investing factories. c. Control on customer¡¦s A/R. d. Keep cash flow positive. 6. International Expansion: Following the customers¡¦ steps, aiming at development of globalization. Key words: customization, business strategy, competitive advantage, diversification

In the apparel industry, pattern making and alterations are expensive and time consuming, because they require iterative fitting and adjustment to develop garment patterns that fit their target consumers. The goal of this paper is to accelerate the pattern making process for jeans customization, which incorporates proper ease distribution at crotch curve in a 3D jeans design and pattern alteration by developing ease distribution models. In this research, four female jeans with different crotch ease allowances were developed. The patterns were drafted using flat patterning methods. The fitting process was conducted and evaluated according to standard fitting criteria. Furthermore, the size 8 mannequin, and then the jeans with the mannequin inside were scanned by the Kinect Body Image System. The crotch curves of the mannequin and the jeans were obtained, and were then extracted to the Accumark CAD system where the radial distance eases of the crotch curves were defined and measured. Correlation analysis between the distance ease and crotch ease allowance was conducted, and regression analysis was used to develop ease distribution models. The applications of the regression models in 3D jeans design and jeans pattern alterations were discussed. This research enhances the understanding of the ease distribution at the jeans crotch area. The results of this research provide essential ease distribution information for the jeans pattern alterations and jeans construction on a 3D model. / text

The more certain and clear working scope the more serious price competition of industrial tender, since the clients who released the tenders have became wiser with learned experiences and available information of industry year-by-year. Such facts of tender not only cripple the bidding advantage but also shrink the profit expectation of stakeholders for scale companies which structured with huge organization and indirect cost burden, and impact the further business operation. Whatever the cut of won tender price, the project team which in charge of project realization usually chanceless to involve the marketing activities in advance under structure process. However, as the information receiver from the client during realization practically, the project team shall forward any above information and cope with the marketing team to break through current passive tendering procedure and construct better solution to the industrial clients. A ¡§project marketing¡¨ based procedure according to the characters of project team which merged project management with marketing activities has been proposed and suggests project team shall planning appropriate marketing strategies and activities before certain and clear requirements releasing by client to enhance the marketing effectiveness and achieve the opportunities. Such a procedure is initiated by identifying the impacted KPI with causes of project team and gathering the related information from clients, then find out the competitive markets and establish suitable marketing strategies. It is helpful for the project team to break away the traditional marketing predicament with systematic response to the opportunity changes of target markets.

Abstract Due to the change of the times, the medical environment in Taiwan has adapted the mainstream of ¡§patient-centered¡¨ concept. It seems to become a slogan for all medical practitioners. However, little has really changed despite lip service paid to the process of medical improvement. The author has been treating patients with kidney failure for almost twenty years. As being a nephrologist, he realizes that the quality of medical care, the quality of life and the mortality rate are highly related to the length of going on hemodialysis for uremic patients. It means the longer a uremic patient goes on hemodialysis, the lower uremic toxin level and the better quality of life a patient can receive. However, due to the limitation of arranging schedule for all of the medical staff at hospitals, many uremic patients can not have enough delivered dialysis doses they need. By re-scheduling hospital staff¡¦s working hours, uremic patients¡¦needs can be easily met in order to achieve the truly ¡§one-by-one¡¨customized service. It seems to move a step closer to the concept of¡§patient-centered¡¨ service. In Taiwan, the current health insurance system, the total payment clause, and the increasing medical cost seem to play a crucial part in running hospitals. We can avoid causing medical accidence by providing sensible working hours and duties to hospital staff. After carrying out the customized working schedule, the hospital management has successfully reduced the working hours of all staff. It definitely creates a win-win situation for the hospital management and employees. This study is mainly observative, descriptive, cross-sectional, observing the connection and influence of personal and environmental factors on (1) the satisfactory degree of uremic patients, (2) the criterion of the quality of medical treatment¡X(A) the mortality rate of uremic patients (B) the index of KT/V and Albumin, HCT (C) the infection rate (D) the possibility of unpredictable in-hospital accidents¡X(3) potential uremic patients; CKD the chronic uremic patients¡¦ satisfaction (4) the satisfactory degree of nurses. This is a retrospective study, comparing the difference between before and after executing the customized schedule. It focus on the two periods¡X(1) From Jan. to April, 2001 (2) From Jan. to April, 2007 to find out the difference by looking at four variances¡X(A) Nursing hours (B) Mortality rate (C) Accidental rate (D) Job-quitting rate of nurses. To verify the workability and result of this system, we compare the difference between Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital and a private dialysis clinic in Kaohsiung by analyzing the result of questionnaires. The finding shows that there has been a significant improvement on patients¡¦ satisfaction and the quality of medical treatment after carrying out the customized schedule. It¡¦s an undeniable social responsibility to all doctors and nurses to prevent even cure diseases. Taiwan has already had the highest rate of kidney failure around the world; therefore, the customized schedule can save time and manpower to provide better care to chronic kidney disease patients. Moreover, it can also make uremic patients suffer less while going on dialysis or delay the timing for patients going on dialysis. Key word¡G¡§one-by-one¡¨customized service¡Bhemodialysis¡Bpatient-centered

In current age, various companies are using a centralized database system for dailybusiness transactions in different domains. Some critical issues have been observedrelated to the complexity, maintenance, performance and communication cost of datain centralized data repository for query processing, according to the demand of endusersfrom different locations. So, different enterprises are striving to implementefficient distributed database systems in their business environments for scalability.The distributed database architecture covers different factors such as transparentmanagement system, replication, fragmentation and allocation etc. This dissertationfocuses on database fragmentation and techniques which are useful for performingdatabase fragmentation. The objective of this research is to investigate efficient algorithm and technique fordatabase fragmentation in distributed environment. We proposed a customized ISUD(Insert, Select, Update, Delete) technique after comparative study of the best suitabletechniques, which is selected for implementation purpose. The functionality of thecustomized ISUD technique helps to get the precedence of the attribute of a relationhorizontally in database from various sites or location. The practical objective of this dissertation is to design the architecture and develop,implement customized ISUD (Insert, Select, Update, Delete) user interface, and to testthe selected algorithm or technique by using the interface. We used C#.Net as adevelopment tool. This user interface accepts ISUD frequency as an input andproduces ALP (attribute location precedence) values as output. We have incorporateddesign science research (DSR) method for customized ISUD technique development.This customized ISUD technique can be considered as a foundation to implementhorizontal database fragmentation in distributed environment, so that the databaseadministrator can take a proper decision for allocating the fragmented data to varioussites at initial state of distributed database design.

This dissertation addresses two sets of challenges facing processor design as the industry enters the deep sub-micron region of semiconductor design. The first set of challenges relates to the memory bottleneck. As the focus shifts from scaling processor frequency to scaling the number of cores, performance growth demands increasing die area. Scaling the number of cores also places a concurrent area demand in the form of larger caches. While on-chip caches occupy 50-60% of area and consume 20-30% of energy expended on-chip, their performance and energy efficiencies are less than 15% and 1% respectively for a range of benchmarks! The second set of challenges is posed by transistor leakage and process variation (inter-die and intra-die) at future technology nodes. Leakage power is anticipated to increase exponentially and sharply lower defect-free yield with successive technology generations. For performance scaling to continue, cache efficiencies have to improve significantly. This thesis proposes and evaluates a broad family of such improvements. This dissertation first contributes a model for cache efficiencies and finds them to be extremely low - performance efficiencies less than 15% and energy efficiencies in the order of 1%. Studying the sources of inefficiency leads to a framework for efficiency improvement based on two interrelated strategies. The approach for improving energy efficiency primarily relies on sizing the cache to match the application memory footprint during a program phase while powering down all remaining cache sets. Importantly, the sized is fully functional with no references to inactive sets. Improving performance efficiency primarily relies on cache shaping, i.e., changing the placement function and thereby the manner in which memory shares the cache. Sizing and shaping are applied at different phase of the design cycle: i) post-manufacturing & offline, ii) at compile-time, and at iii) run-time. This thesis proposes and explores techniques at each phase collectively realizing a repertoire of techniques for future memory system designers. The techniques use a combination of HW-SW techniques and are demonstrated to provide substantive improvements with modest overheads.

This research presents a new approach to derive recommendations for segment-specific, targeted marketing campaigns on the product category level. The proposed methodological framework serves as a decision support tool for customer relationship managers or direct marketers to select attractive product categories for their target marketing efforts, such as segment-specific rewards in loyalty programs, cross-merchandising activities, targeted direct mailings, customized supplements in catalogues, or customized promotions. The proposed methodology requires cus- tomers' multi-category purchase histories as input data and proceeds in a stepwise manner. It combines various data compression techniques and integrates an opti- mization approach which suggests candidate product categories for segment-specific targeted marketing such that cross-category spillover effects for non-promoted categories are maximized. To demonstrate the empirical performance of our pro- posed procedure, we examine the transactions from a real-world loyalty program of a major grocery retailer. A simple scenario-based analysis using promotion responsiveness reported in previous empirical studies and prior experience by domain experts suggests that targeted promotions might boost profitability between 15 % and 128 % relative to an undifferentiated standard campaign.

Managementmodellen lean uppstod i bilindustrin men har applicerats på helt andra typer av branscher, varav offentlig sektor är en av dem. Tidigare forskning visar att lean applicerat på offentliga tjänster passar bättre när tjänsten är av mer homogen karaktär såsom sophantering och parkförvaltning. Ändå visar en kartläggning av lean i Sverige att flest kommuner har implementerat lean inom äldreomsorg - vilket är en heterogen tjänst med höga krav på individanpassning. Syftet med den här fallstudien är att undersöka om lean således är en passande managementmodell för kommunal äldreomsorg. Baserat på sju intervjuer i två svenska kommuner har studien utgått från vad som påverkar kommuners möjlighet att arbeta lean på en filosofisk nivå (lean thinking). Resultatet visar att lean thinking i sin helhet inte är passande för äldreomsorgen, vilket framför allt beror på att offentliga verksamheter utöver brukaren ser socialnämnden och skattebetalare som kunder, vilket försvårar arbetet med lean som utgår från värde enligt kundens perspektiv. Däremot visar verksamheterna att de genom att arbeta med lean framförallt förbättrar processer som inte involverar brukaren, exempelvis administration och förråds- och tvätthantering. Det frigör tid till värdeskapande aktiviteter för brukaren. Vi finner också att myndigheten som reglerar svensk äldreomsorg möjliggör för lean-inspirerat arbete inom äldreomsorg, framför allt på grund av arbetet med att utgå och anpassa tjänster till de faktiska behoven för brukaren istället för att begränsas till det redan befintliga tjänsteutbudet. / Lean was first seen in the automotive industry but has since then been applied to a number of different industries, whereof the public sector is one of them. Previous research has shown that lean has a better fit with services when applied to homogeneous services like waste disposal and maintaining parks. Yet an overview of lean in Swedish municipalities has shown that the most frequent use of the concept lean is in elderly care - which is categorized as a heterogeneous customized service. The aim of this case study is to examine the fit between lean and municipal elderly care. The study has investigated what determines the ability of adopting lean thinking based on seven interviews in two Swedish municipalities. The results show that the whole concept of lean thinking cannot be applied, primarily because of the complexity of the customer concept in the public sector. The interviewees identify several customers apart from the end-user of the service. The fact that tax payers and the social welfare board also are considered customers hinders the work with lean, since their interests may diverge from that of the end-user. However, by using lean tools, processes without involvement from the end-user have been improved, for instance services like administration, laundry and storage management. In turn, these improvements made time for value creating activities for the end-user. The results also show that the Social authority regulating the Swedish municipal elderly care, actually enables an approach inspired by lean. This is primarily due to the development towards a service production based on the actual needs of the end-user rather than being limited to the existing services.

精品定製在中國漸成一種潮流。目前的精品定製服務大多只停留在線下，消費者會遇到一些問題，例如不了解自己的定製品是否為真，是否是真的限量，以及定製的進展。為解決這些的問題，本研究提出建立一個精品定製O2O（ONLINE TO OFFLINE）平台,透過將線上和線下服務整合，讓消費者能在網上看到自己定製品的稀缺性，掌握整個定製過程，獲得尊貴的體驗。由於篇幅有限，本研究首先圍繞定製手錶提出了一套創新的定製服務模式。手錶定製的模式未來也可以擴展到其他精品的定製中。 為了找出可行的商業模式，本專案透過競爭者分析、需求分析，梳理了目前定製市場的供求現況，參考了競爭品牌的定制產品，提出了先切入個人定製和系列錶定製系列市場，採用模塊化+自由化定製的解決方案。并通過次級資料分析和業者訪談的方式，找出了市場總體需求以及消費者需求特點。最後，在參考了專家意見后，本研究提出了O2O定製的服務模式，其中包括消費者的服務流程、平台基礎設施、IP交易製度以及獲利機制。 / High-end products customization is becoming a trend in China. Currently most of the customization service is offline. Customers will be confronted with some problems, such as the authenticity of customized products, exclusivity and the process of ongoing customization. This research proposed a high-end O2O（ONLINE TO OFFLINE） customization platform in order to solve these problems. By integrating online and offline service, customers can find out the exclusivity of their orders, follow the customization process and get honored experience. Due to the length limitation of this thesis, this research will theme on an innovative model for high-end customized watch. This model can be applied to other customized products afterwards. In order to find out feasible business model, this research sorts out the present supply-demand situation, referring to competitors’ customized products, coming up with a direction of combining modularization and free customization. Moreover, by collecting and analyzing second hand data and interviewing, demand condition of the whole market and features of demand are found out. In the end, after referring to the opinions of industry experts, this research brings forward an O2O customization model, including service workflow, platform infrastructure, IP transaction institution and profiting mechanism.

Modelamento médico é uma técnica utilizada por cirurgiões no auxílio da diagnose, comunicação com o paciente, estudos pré-operatórios, definição e simulação de procedimentos cirúrgicos, visando diminuir o tempo cirúrgico e de convalescença do paciente. Em aplicações mais recentes, esta técnica tem sido utilizada no desenvolvimento de próteses personalizadas, possibilitando que reconstituições de grande complexidade sejam feitas de maneira rápida e segura. Resumidamente, a técnica consiste em produzir um protótipo em terceira dimensão do tecido ou deformidade em estudo. Utiliza-se hoje de modernas tecnologias como tomografia computadorizada e prototipagem rápida entre outras, representando um exemplo significativo de integração entre diferentes áreas do conhecimento. Este trabalho apresenta e discute o modelamento médico no que se refere às suas aplicações, enfocando a integração entre as tecnologias de prototipagem rápida, engenharia reversa (RE) e projeto e engenharia assistidos por computador (CAD/CAE). É feita uma descrição dos procedimentos de geração dos modelos médicos usando técnicas de prototipagem rápida a partir de dados obtidos de tomografia computadorizada, e um estudo de sua precisão dimensional e geométrica. São explorados os recursos possibilitados pela integração com sistemas CAD/CAE, e apresentadas aplicações reais das técnicas na área de cirurgias craniofaciais, evidenciando as vantagens de sua utilização e validando os procedimentos propostos. / Medical modeling is a technique used by surgeons in the diagnosis, communication with the patient, preoperative studies, definition and simulation of surgical procedures. It helps to reduce the operative and convalescence time. It consists of producing a prototype in third dimension of the tissue or deformity in study. In some more recent applications, this technique has been used to develop customized prosthesis, enabling that quite complex reconstructions can be made in a safe and fast way. Nowadays, it uses modern technologies as the computer tomography and rapid prototyping, and it represents significant example of integration among different areas of the knowledge. This work presents the medical modeling and discusses its applications, with emphasis in the integration of the technologies of rapid prototyping, reverse engineering (RE) and computer aided design and engineering (CAD/CAE). It is made a description of the procedures to generate the medical models using rapid prototyping techniques starting from computer tomography data, and a study regarding the dimensional and geometric precision of the medical models generated by rapid prototyping. The advantages of the integration with CAD/CAE technologies are shown and a case study is developed aiming to validate the proposed procedures.