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Aplicação e análise de um programa customizado para a inclusão de jovens com deficiência intelectual em atividades laborais. / Application and analysis of a customized program for the inclusion of young people with intellectual disabilities in laboral activitiesAnnie Gomes Redig 20 October 2014 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo implementar e avaliar um programa de inserção de jovens com deficiência intelectual em atividades laborais na Faculdade de Educação da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro.Para tal, foi utilizado o conceito de emprego customizado, que baseia-se na criação e/ou adaptação de postos de trabalho em empresas e outras instituições, se adequando a demanda do empregadorcom as habilidades do sujeito com deficiência, de forma a criar uma função que atenda às necessidades de ambas as partes. Um dos procedimentos da customização do trabalho é o Perfil Pessoal Positivo PPP, uma estratégia para traçar as habilidades e dificuldades dos jovens e adultos com deficiência, de forma a facilitar sua inserção no mercado de trabalho e outros espaços sociais. Participaram da pesquisa quatro jovens com deficiência intelectual, denominados treinandos indicados pelos professores de uma escola especial da rede pública do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, oriundos decursos de formação inicial e continuada em auxiliar de serviços gerais e auxiliar de contínuo-reprografia. Utilizou-se a metodologia de pesquisa-ação, com dados colhidos através de entrevistas semiestruturadas com os sujeitos com deficiência intelectual e os funcionários da Faculdade de Educação, assim como observação de seu desempenho. Como dados complementares, também foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com as mães dos jovens e os funcionários da Faculdade de Educação que aturaram diretamente com os treinandos. As entrevistas iniciais com os treinandos serviram como base para traçar seu o PPP, e determinar que atividades seriam mais adequadas para eles. Já as realizadas com os gestores da Faculdade, visaram compreender a dinâmica de funcionamento e as necessidades de trabalho da instituição.A elaboração do PPPpermitiu romperas barreiras impostas pelas exigências do mercado de trabalho, como escolarização mínima, capacitação, entre outras, pois, compreendendo as características do sujeito, é possível encontrar funções laborais que se adequem às suas singularidades e, ao mesmo tempo, atendam às necessidades do empregador. Concluímos, com base nos dados colhidos, que analisar o ambiente de trabalho com o objetivo de oferecer mão deobra adequada para a demanda é pré-requisito para a contratação e inclusão laboral de pessoas com deficiência. A customização do emprego contribui para a eliminação das barreiras atitudinais e preconceitos, aumentando as probabilidades de um desempenho e produção laboral satisfatória, beneficiando, tanto a instituição quanto o funcionário. / The present research has the objective of implement and evaluate a program that inserts young people with intellectual disabilities in work activities at the School of Education College of the Rio de Janeiro State University. For that, the concept of customized job was used, which is based on the creation/adaptation of work posts in companies and other institutions, meeting the demands of the employer with the skills of the handicap person, the forma that benefits both parties. One of the procedures of work customization is the Positive Personal Profile PPP, a strategy to trace the skills and difficulties people with disability have, in a way to facilitate their inclusion in the work market and other social spaces. Four youth with intellectual disability took part on the research, they were called trainees and were indicated by the teachers of a special school of the public network of Rio de Janeiro; they were graduates formation courses in general services (cleaning) and administrative helpers. The methodology used was the action research, with data collected from semi-structured interviews with the subjects and employees of the School of Education, as well as from the observation of their performance. Semi-structured interviews with the mothers of the subjects and with the employees of the Education College that had direct contact with the trainees, provided complementary data. The initial interviews with the trainees served as a foundation to trace their PPP, and determine the activities that would be more adequate for them. The interview with the supervisors from the College had the objective of understanding the functioning dynamic and the institutions work needs. The elaboration of the PPP allowed the break of some barriers of the work market, like minimal school graduation, capacitation, among others, because when you understand the characteristics of the subject you can find work functions that adapt to his uniqueness and at the same time fulfill the employers needs. We conclude, based on the data collected, that analyzing the work environment with the objective of offering proper workforce is prerequisite for laboral inclusion of deficient people. Job customization contributes for eliminating the barriers of attitude and prejudice, enhancing the probabilities of a satisfactory production and performance meeting both the institution and the employees needs.
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Tecnologia assistiva : personalização em massa através do design e fabricação de assentos customizados para cadeiras de rodasBeretta, Elisa Marangon January 2011 (has links)
O design de assentos personalizados produzidos em espumas de poliuretano (PU) é uma opção para melhorar o conforto e o posicionamento das pessoas com deficiências que passam horas do dia sentadas na mesma posição. Estas superfícies de suporte aumentam a área de contato entre o assento e o usuário, o que melhora na distribuição do seu peso, diminuindo as pressões localizadas que geram problemas como úlceras de pressão. A grande maioria dos equipamentos destinados à produção destes assentos são dedicados, ou seja, especialmente desenvolvidos para este propósito, assim como suas ferramentas. Estes fatores aumentam o custo do produto final e restringem o número de pessoas que poderiam desfrutar de equipamentos personalizados. Neste sentido, a presente pesquisa objetiva estabelecer rotinas de desenvolvimento e produção de assentos personalizados para usuários de cadeiras de rodas manufaturados através de usinagem CNC convencional com a utilização de espumas de poliuretano. Para isto, foram ensaiados parâmetros (rotação e avanço) de usinagem CNC para cortar as espumas de PU. Os desbastes foram analisados quanto a precisão do corte e rebarbas em sua superfície, e os parâmetros selecionados como adequados para o corte foram então transpostos para ensaios de acabamento. Sendo as espumas de PU materiais flexíveis, a forma gerada foi verificada através da digitalização tridimensional. Para avaliar a deformação em peças maiores, os parâmetros foram testados em assentos e então analisados mais uma vez através da digitalização. Foram testados três combinações de velocidades de avanço, mantendo a rotação a 24.000 RPM por ter se mostrado mais adequada. Para validação da pesquisa, um estudo de caso foi executado com a melhor combinação de velocidade de avanço, verificadas anteriormente. Com esta pesquisa, foi comprovada a viabilidade da produção de assentos personalizados em espumas de PU flexível através da usinagem CNC. Também, com a produção destes é possível levar ao usuário um equipamento que melhora a distribuição das pressões na superfície do assento, fato verificado através de um tapete medidor de pressões. / The design of customized seats manufactured in polyurethane foams is and alternative to improve comfort and positioning for people with disabilities, as those people spend hours of the day seated in the same position. These support surfaces increase the contact area between the seat and user. This aspect improves weight distribution reducing localized pressures that can generate scars. The great majority of equipments and tools destined to the manufacture of these seats are dedicated, i.e. specially developed to this purpose. These factors enhance the final product cost and restrict the number of people who could enjoy customizes equipments. In this sense, the present research aims at establishing development and production routines of customized seats for wheelchair users manufactured through conventional CNC machining of polyurethane foams. It was tested parameters (spindle and feed rates) of CNC machining to cut polyurethane foams. The selected parameters were then transposed to finishing tests. As polyurethane foams are flexible materials that tend to deform, the distortions on the generated geometry were analyzed through tridimensional scanning. The parameters were then tested and the distortion was analyzes in bigger pieces. It was tested three combinations of feeds, keeping the spindle at 24.000 RPM (more adequate according t previous tests). A case study was also executed to validate the research. This study proves the viability of customized seat manufacture in polyurethane foams through CNC machining. It also provides the user an equipment that can improve the pressure distribution in seats surfaces, verified through a mat measurer system.
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Tecnologia assistiva : personalização em massa através do design e fabricação de assentos customizados para cadeiras de rodasBeretta, Elisa Marangon January 2011 (has links)
O design de assentos personalizados produzidos em espumas de poliuretano (PU) é uma opção para melhorar o conforto e o posicionamento das pessoas com deficiências que passam horas do dia sentadas na mesma posição. Estas superfícies de suporte aumentam a área de contato entre o assento e o usuário, o que melhora na distribuição do seu peso, diminuindo as pressões localizadas que geram problemas como úlceras de pressão. A grande maioria dos equipamentos destinados à produção destes assentos são dedicados, ou seja, especialmente desenvolvidos para este propósito, assim como suas ferramentas. Estes fatores aumentam o custo do produto final e restringem o número de pessoas que poderiam desfrutar de equipamentos personalizados. Neste sentido, a presente pesquisa objetiva estabelecer rotinas de desenvolvimento e produção de assentos personalizados para usuários de cadeiras de rodas manufaturados através de usinagem CNC convencional com a utilização de espumas de poliuretano. Para isto, foram ensaiados parâmetros (rotação e avanço) de usinagem CNC para cortar as espumas de PU. Os desbastes foram analisados quanto a precisão do corte e rebarbas em sua superfície, e os parâmetros selecionados como adequados para o corte foram então transpostos para ensaios de acabamento. Sendo as espumas de PU materiais flexíveis, a forma gerada foi verificada através da digitalização tridimensional. Para avaliar a deformação em peças maiores, os parâmetros foram testados em assentos e então analisados mais uma vez através da digitalização. Foram testados três combinações de velocidades de avanço, mantendo a rotação a 24.000 RPM por ter se mostrado mais adequada. Para validação da pesquisa, um estudo de caso foi executado com a melhor combinação de velocidade de avanço, verificadas anteriormente. Com esta pesquisa, foi comprovada a viabilidade da produção de assentos personalizados em espumas de PU flexível através da usinagem CNC. Também, com a produção destes é possível levar ao usuário um equipamento que melhora a distribuição das pressões na superfície do assento, fato verificado através de um tapete medidor de pressões. / The design of customized seats manufactured in polyurethane foams is and alternative to improve comfort and positioning for people with disabilities, as those people spend hours of the day seated in the same position. These support surfaces increase the contact area between the seat and user. This aspect improves weight distribution reducing localized pressures that can generate scars. The great majority of equipments and tools destined to the manufacture of these seats are dedicated, i.e. specially developed to this purpose. These factors enhance the final product cost and restrict the number of people who could enjoy customizes equipments. In this sense, the present research aims at establishing development and production routines of customized seats for wheelchair users manufactured through conventional CNC machining of polyurethane foams. It was tested parameters (spindle and feed rates) of CNC machining to cut polyurethane foams. The selected parameters were then transposed to finishing tests. As polyurethane foams are flexible materials that tend to deform, the distortions on the generated geometry were analyzed through tridimensional scanning. The parameters were then tested and the distortion was analyzes in bigger pieces. It was tested three combinations of feeds, keeping the spindle at 24.000 RPM (more adequate according t previous tests). A case study was also executed to validate the research. This study proves the viability of customized seat manufacture in polyurethane foams through CNC machining. It also provides the user an equipment that can improve the pressure distribution in seats surfaces, verified through a mat measurer system.
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Modelamento médico: uma integração entre CAD, CAE, engenharia reversa e prototipagem rápida / Medical modeling: an integration among CAD, CAE, reverse engineering and rapid prototypingMarco Antonio Oliveira Coelho 29 April 2003 (has links)
Modelamento médico é uma técnica utilizada por cirurgiões no auxílio da diagnose, comunicação com o paciente, estudos pré-operatórios, definição e simulação de procedimentos cirúrgicos, visando diminuir o tempo cirúrgico e de convalescença do paciente. Em aplicações mais recentes, esta técnica tem sido utilizada no desenvolvimento de próteses personalizadas, possibilitando que reconstituições de grande complexidade sejam feitas de maneira rápida e segura. Resumidamente, a técnica consiste em produzir um protótipo em terceira dimensão do tecido ou deformidade em estudo. Utiliza-se hoje de modernas tecnologias como tomografia computadorizada e prototipagem rápida entre outras, representando um exemplo significativo de integração entre diferentes áreas do conhecimento. Este trabalho apresenta e discute o modelamento médico no que se refere às suas aplicações, enfocando a integração entre as tecnologias de prototipagem rápida, engenharia reversa (RE) e projeto e engenharia assistidos por computador (CAD/CAE). É feita uma descrição dos procedimentos de geração dos modelos médicos usando técnicas de prototipagem rápida a partir de dados obtidos de tomografia computadorizada, e um estudo de sua precisão dimensional e geométrica. São explorados os recursos possibilitados pela integração com sistemas CAD/CAE, e apresentadas aplicações reais das técnicas na área de cirurgias craniofaciais, evidenciando as vantagens de sua utilização e validando os procedimentos propostos. / Medical modeling is a technique used by surgeons in the diagnosis, communication with the patient, preoperative studies, definition and simulation of surgical procedures. It helps to reduce the operative and convalescence time. It consists of producing a prototype in third dimension of the tissue or deformity in study. In some more recent applications, this technique has been used to develop customized prosthesis, enabling that quite complex reconstructions can be made in a safe and fast way. Nowadays, it uses modern technologies as the computer tomography and rapid prototyping, and it represents significant example of integration among different areas of the knowledge. This work presents the medical modeling and discusses its applications, with emphasis in the integration of the technologies of rapid prototyping, reverse engineering (RE) and computer aided design and engineering (CAD/CAE). It is made a description of the procedures to generate the medical models using rapid prototyping techniques starting from computer tomography data, and a study regarding the dimensional and geometric precision of the medical models generated by rapid prototyping. The advantages of the integration with CAD/CAE technologies are shown and a case study is developed aiming to validate the proposed procedures.
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Využití technologie RP a přesného lití pro odlitky v oblasti lékařství / Using of RP techniques and lost wax technology for medical castingsPavelka, Tomáš January 2009 (has links)
The goal of the diploma thesis is to verify the possibilities of obtaining the casting of the femur component of the customized knee replacement using the technology of Rapid Prototyping and investment casting. To get the wax pattern it is used the method of fabrication the silicon rubber mould. Its optimalization from the wax pattern quality, economy of production and cooling speed aspects is important parameter at repeated production of the wax patterns.
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Detection and Classification of Heart Sounds Using a Heart-Mobile InterfaceThiyagaraja, Shanti 12 1900 (has links)
An early detection of heart disease can save lives, caution individuals and also help to determine the type of treatment to be given to the patients. The first test of diagnosing a heart disease is through auscultation - listening to the heart sounds. The interpretation of heart sounds is subjective and requires a professional skill to identify the abnormalities in these sounds. A medical practitioner uses a stethoscope to perform an initial screening by listening for irregular sounds from the patient's chest. Later, echocardiography and electrocardiography tests are taken for further diagnosis. However, these tests are expensive and require specialized technicians to operate. A simple and economical way is vital for monitoring in homecare or rural hospitals and urban clinics. This dissertation is focused on developing a patient-centered device for initial screening of the heart sounds that is both low cost and can be used by the users on themselves, and later share the readings with the healthcare providers. An innovative mobile health service platform is created for analyzing and classifying heart sounds. Certain properties of heart sounds have to be evaluated to identify the irregularities such as the number of heart beats and gallops, intensity, frequency, and duration. Since heart sounds are generated in low frequencies, human ears tend to miss certain sounds as the high frequency sounds mask the lower ones. Therefore, this dissertation provides a solution to process the heart sounds using several signal processing techniques, identifies the features in the heart sounds and finally classifies them. This dissertation enables remote patient monitoring through the integration of advanced wireless communications and a customized low-cost stethoscope. It also permits remote management of patients' cardiac status while maximizing patient mobility. The smartphone application facilities recording, processing, visualizing, listening, and classifying heart sounds. The application also generates an electronic medical record, which is encrypted using the efficient elliptic curve cryptography and sent to the cloud, facilitating access to physicians for further analysis. Thus, this dissertation results in a patient-centered device that is essential for initial screening of the heart sounds, and could be shared for further diagnosis with the medical care practitioners.
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Development of a Data Transformation Method for a Customized Stent usingAdditive ManufacturingTepe, Julius January 2018 (has links)
Conventionally manufactured stents are available in uniform sizes and straight forms. These standard products are not suitable for all patients and research indicates that this is the reason for migration of stents in the vessel, and tubular structure in general, after deployment. The occurrence of migration makes readmission into hospital and the removal of the deployed stent necessary. This thesis develops a method which results in patient-customized stents which can be manufactured through additive manufacturing. These individualized stents intent to offer the same advantages of conventional stents while mitigating the disadvantages. The work’s core part is thedesign of a stent based on the geometric information through a medical scan. It converts the relevant areas from the medical scan data which is in the DICOM format to the STL file format. After cleaning and further processing, the shape will be the base for the design process of a stent using CAD software. Additionally, it also gives insight into the subjacent technologies such as medical scanning, additive manufacturing, choice of material and necessary further processing steps. A process chain from scanning, data transformation, 3D printing and post processing is described.The developed method delivers a reliable model and results in a fully individualized stent. In the current stage, it involves manual work since the representation of data in the steps is different. Further suggestions for steps to automate the process and an estimation of economic efficiency is given. / Det finns konventionellt tillverkade stenter i likformiga storlekar och raka former. Dem här standardprodukter är inte lämpliga för alla patienter och forskning tyder på att detta är orsaken till migrationen av stenter i blodkärl efter placering. Förekomsten av migration skapa återtagande på sjukhus och avlägsnande av den placerade stenten är nödvändig. Den här avhandlingen utvecklar en metod som resulterar i patient anpassade stenter som kan varatillverkad genom additiv tillverkning. Dessa individualiserade stenter avser att erbjuda samma fördelar som konventionella stenter och mildra nackdelarna. Arbetets kärna är designen av en stent baserad på den geometriska informationen baserande på en medicinsk bildteknik. Det omvandlar relevanta kroppsdelar från det medicinska bildteknik som finns i DICOM-formatet till STLfilformatet. Efter rengöring och vidare bearbetning kommer formen att vara basen för stentens designprocess med CAD-mjukvara. Dessutom ger den också inblick i de underliggande teknikerna som medicinsk bildteknik, tillsatsframställning, materialval och nödvändig vidarebehandling steg. En processkedja från skanning, datatransformation, 3D-utskrift och efterbehandling är beskrivits.Den utvecklade metoden ger en tillförlitlig modell och resulterar i en helt individualiserad stent. I det aktuellt stadium, innebär det manuellt arbete eftersom representationen av data i stegen är annorlunda. Ytterligare förslag till åtgärder för att automatisera processen och en uppskattning av ekonomisk effektivitet är given.
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Task lighting for the future schoolNetz, Jenny January 2020 (has links)
Lighting is one of the most important issues for the perception of the physical environment and the ability to perform. Lighting design of classrooms is therefore crucial to achieve the goals of education. The Swedish school aim to provide a working environment supporting every child. As children are individuals their perceptions and light preferences differ just as adults do. Accessibility to tools to be able to customize for the individual child are therefore important. To support our planet, every new product developed should be considered regarding sustainability. This is particularly important of products designed for children as they are our future. This thesis will focus on finding a task light option suitable for the classroom environment. By researching literature, performing market research and conducting interviews with school professionals, important characteristics of a school task light were established. Based on the findings, a task light proposal was developed including the defined properties.
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Application of Rapid Manufacturing Technologies to Integrated Product Development inClinics and Medical Manufacturing IndustriesOwusu - Dompreh, Francis January 2013 (has links)
No description available.
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The proportion of individuals likely to benefit from customized optic nerve head structure-function mappingMcKendrick, A.M., Denniss, Jonathan, Wang, Y.X., Jonas, J.B., Turpin, A. 10 February 2017 (has links)
Yes / Purpose: Inter-individual variance in optic nerve head (ONH) position, axial length and location of the temporal raphe suggest that customizing mapping between visual field locations and optic nerve head sectors for individuals may be clinically useful. Here we quantify the proportion of the population predicted to have structure-function mappings that markedly deviate from “average”, and thus would benefit from customized mapping.
Design: Database study and case report
Participants: Population database of 2836 eyes from the Beijing Eye Study; single case report of an individual with primary open angle glaucoma
Methods: Using the morphometric fundus data of the Beijing Eye Study on 2836 eyes and applying a recently developed model based on axial length and ONH position relative to the fovea, we determined for each measurement location in the 24-2 Humphrey visual field the proportion of eyes for which, in the customized approach as compared to the generalized approach, the mapped ONH sector was shifted into a different sector. We determined the proportion of eyes for which the mapped ONH location was shifted by 15°, 30° or 60°.
Main outcome measures: Mapping correspondence between locations in visual field space to localized sectors on the optic nerve head
Results: The largest inter-individual differences in mapping are in the nasal step region where the same visual field location can map to either the superior or inferior ONH depending on other anatomical features. For these visual field locations, approximately 12% of eyes showed a mapping opposite to conventional expectations.
Conclusions: Anatomically customised mapping shifts the map markedly in approximately 12% of the general population in the nasal step region where visual field locations can map to the opposite pole of the ONH than conventionally considered. Early glaucomatous damage commonly affects this region, hence individually matching structure to function may prove clinically useful for the diagnosis and monitoring of progression within individuals. / Australian Research Council Linkage Project 130100055 (industry partner, Heidelberg Engineering, GmBH, Germany).
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