Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-04-04T17:14:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 franciscodaschagasrodriguesdeoliveira.pdf: 1015730 bytes, checksum: 88c19573e27b38b097a2392601a52b93 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-04-24T04:08:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 franciscodaschagasrodriguesdeoliveira.pdf: 1015730 bytes, checksum: 88c19573e27b38b097a2392601a52b93 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-24T04:08:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 franciscodaschagasrodriguesdeoliveira.pdf: 1015730 bytes, checksum: 88c19573e27b38b097a2392601a52b93 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-25 / Este trabalho tem como objetivo discutir ações das equipes gestoras de quatro escolas sob a jurisdição da 13ª Coordenadoria Regional de Desenvolvimento da Escola (13ª CREDE), localizadas na microrregião Sertões de Crateús, zona norte do estado do Ceará, nas quais é perceptível o apoio às atividades de formação continuada dos professores em serviço. Além disso, essas escolas, através de suas boas práticas, atingiram melhores resultados educacionais, especialmente no SPAECE. Buscamos, portanto, por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa, na forma de um estudo de caso, refletir sobre como os gestores atuam enquanto mediadores e incentivadores dos processos de formação dos docentes. Tal como se percebe, alguns gestores e professores já têm uma visão diferenciada, cuja perspectiva é de se fazerem protagonistas de um processo formativo que nasce e se desenvolve no seio da escola, como fruto de uma consciência crítica já amadurecida, que sente a necessidade de aperfeiçoamento para melhor atender às demandas da prática pedagógica. Para analisarmos essa realidade, utilizamos entrevistas semi-estruturadas com diretores e coordenadores escolares e aplicamos questionários aos professores. A escolha do tema se justifica pela atuação do pesquisador como diretor de uma escola pública de estado do Ceará, preocupado com a formação de seus professores e com o processo de ensino-aprendizagem de seus alunos. Os principais resultados encontrados estão ligados a boas práticas e pontos de melhoria., Propomos um Plano de Ação Educacional – PROFORPE - (voltado para a implantação de uma cultura de formações continuadas dos professores em serviço nas escolas onde essa ainda não existe, de modo a incentivar gestores e docentes a criarem suas próprias formações, de acordo com as necessidades e a realidade específica de cada escola. / This work aims to discuss some actions by the management staff of four schools from 13ª Coordenadoria Regional de Desenvolvimento da Escola (13th Regional Coordination of School Development – 13th CREDE), located in the microregion of Sertão de Crateús, northern of Ceará, a state in Brazil, where we can note the support on the activities of continuing education of teachers. Furthermore, these schools, through their good practices, achieved better educational outcomes, especially on SPAECE (a large-scale external assessment). So, we aims to, through a qualitative research, as a case study, reflect on how the school managers act as mediators and supporters of the processes of teacher educational formation. As we realized, some managers and teachers already have a different view, taking an active part on the training process that germinated and developed inside the school, as the result of a matured critical consciousness, which feels the needing of improvement to better comply with the demands of the teaching practice. In order to analyze this reality, we used semi-structured interviews made with directors and school coordinators, and we applied questionnaires on the teachers. The choice for this subject-matter is justified by the function of the researcher as a director of a public school in Ceará/Brazil, always concerned about his teachers’ formation and about the teaching and learning process of the students. The main results of this research are linked to good practices and improvement points. Thus, we propose an Educational Plan of Action focused on the implementation of a continuing formations culture of teachers in the schools where it does not exist yet, in order to encourage managers and teachers to create their own formations, according to the needs and specific reality of each school.

During the past decades, there have been an acceleration of customers’ needs of customized products. This have pressured many companies in offering customized products in order to reach customer satisfaction and keep growing and expanding their market share. Nowadays the competitive pressure between companies with the same product segment is increasing and the market requirements are changing rapidly. To handle this competition, many manufacturing companies are focusing on mass customized production. However, mass customization has been a topic of interest for many researchers. The focus has been in studying and understanding the complexity and the constrains that a company encounter when dealing with mass customized production in mostly the automotive industry. One of the constrains that have been less highlighted by researchers were the effects that mass customized production has on the output variation of production lines. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to investigate how to minimize output variations in mass customized production within assembly lines. To do that the researchers focused on studying the output variation in whitegoods industry instead of the automotive industry that captures most of the existing research. The study includes two main research questions. The first question was to identify the factors that affect the output variation in mass customized production. While the second question was to identify applicable solutions that can be used to stabilize the output. To ensure the reliability and validity of the research findings, the researchers used multiple case study combined with literature reviews. To answer the research questions several data collection techniques were used in the multiple case study conducted on two lines. Those data collection techniques were participating observations, document reviews, a semi-structured interview and many conversations with the affected persons. The findings from the case study for research question one showed consistency with the theories described in the theoretical background. This was evident because similar problems when it comes to output variations were defined in the theories. One problem was about the simplification of assembly line balancing problem that was evident in both case studies. This was an effect of the missing product family classification which created a high output variation because of the use of only one line balancing for all product variants. Another problem identified included functionality problems of machines because of performing wrong assembly or the use of the wrong component. There was as well the problem of missing or delayed components which was an effect of the lack of structure in the material picking and the deliveries performed for both lines. A combination of those factors created the experienced output variation on both lines. To deal with those problems and minimize the output variation, a solution approach was defined in the second research question. This approach was created together with the case company with the help of the theoretical background and it presents several steps to follow when attacking and resolving similar problems as presented above. The most important conclusion of this thesis is that, when dealing with output variation in mass customized production where people are performing the assembly, it is essential to provide the right conditions for them to ensure that they have the right knowledge base to perform the requested assembly.

Singularity, opening and autonomy are essential elements considered fundamental in «Personalized Education». The article delves into the consequences of the singularity of every day practice of teaching and learning in the current context characterized, among other features, by increasing digitization. In the light of the outcome, it follows that the unique and unreapetable being of the person must be considered in relation to the teaching and educational reality from planning, execution and assessment.Every training process has to adapt to each specific situation and the features andinterests of the student encouraging his/her research capacity and creativity. Theteacher adopts, among others, a role of trainee and assessment becomes a source of learning, improving in this way the quality of academic training. / La singularidad, la apertura y la autonomía son elementos esenciales de lapersona considerados fundamentales en la «educación personalizada». El artículoprofundiza en las consecuencias de la singularidad en la práctica cotidiana de laenseñanza y el aprendizaje en el contexto actual caracterizado, entre otros aspectos, por una creciente digitalización. Se concluye que el ser único e irrepetible de la persona debe ser considerado en relación con la realidad docente y educativa desde la planificación, ejecución y evaluación. Todo proceso formativo ha de adaptarse a cada situación concreta y a las características e intereses del estudiante, fomentando su capacidad investigadora y su creatividad. El docente adopta, entre otros, un rol de aprendiz y la evaluación se convierte en una fuente de aprendizaje, mejorando así la calidad de la formación. / A singularidade, a abertura e a autonomia são elementos essenciais da pessoa efundamentais na «educação personalizada». O artigo aprofunda as consequenciasda singularidade na prática cotidiana do ensino e da aprendizagem no contextoatual caracterizando-se, entre outras coisas, por meio do aumento da digitalização.Conclui-se que o ser único e irrepetível da pessoa deve ser considerado na relaçãocom a realidade docente e educativa desde o planejamento, a execução e a avaliação.Todo o processo formativo deve se adaptar a cada situação concreta e às características e interesses do estudante, estimulando a sua capacidade investigativa e criativa. O docente adota, entre outras questões, um papel de aprendiz e a avaliação se torna uma fonte de aprendizagem, melhorando assim a qualidade da formação.

Bakgrund: Psykisk ohälsa är ett ökande problem. Det är nu vanligt med användning av digitala verktyg, teknik och behandling på distans samt rådgivning vid behandling av psykisk ohälsa. Begreppet e-hälsa framkom 2012 och betyder att digitala verktyg används och information utbyts för att hälsa ska uppnås samt bibehållas. Sjuksköterskan ska ha kunskap om och initiera utvecklingen av e-hälsa samt bedriva personcentrerad vård. Delaktighet och lärande är viktigt för patient då detta ökar välbefinnande och motivation. Syfte: Att undersöka patienters upplevelser av digital vård vid psykisk ohälsa. Metod: En kvalitativ litteraturöversikt. Resultat: Tre huvudteman uppkom, vilket är känsla av trygghet, anpassad vård samt självinsikt och kontroll. Underteman i resultatet är relationen till vårdpersonal och dess kompetens, integritet,tillgänglighet, hinder samt digital vård gentemot traditionell vård, förstärkt självmedvetenhet ochökad förståelse av sin psykiska ohälsa, delaktighet och eget ansvar. Konklusion: Vårdpersonal behöver få kunskap om den digitala behandling och tekniken för att kunna använda den i sin rätta utformning och inge förtroende till patienterna. För att kunna skapa en känsla av trygghet med digital behandling så är det viktigt att skapa miljöer som är säkra. / Background: Mental illness is a growing problem. It is now common to use digital tools, technology, and remote treatment as well as counseling in the treatment of mental illness. The concept of e-health emerged in 2012 and means that digital tools are used, and information is exchanged in order for health to be achieved and maintained. The nurse must have knowledge of and initiate the development of e-health and conduct person-centered care. Participation and learning is important for the patient as this increases well-being and motivation. Aim: To investigate patients' experiences of digital care in mental illness. Method: A qualitative literature review. Findings: Three main themes, which is a feeling of security, adapted care, self-insight and control. Sub-themes in the result are the relationship to care staff and their competence, integrity, accessibility, obstacles, and digital care compared to traditional care, strengthened self-awareness and increased understanding of their ill health, participation and personal responsibility. Conclusion: Healthcare professionals need to gain knowledge of the digital treatment and technology in order to be able to use it in their proper design and instill confidence in patients. In order to be able to create a feeling of security with digital treatment, it is important to create environments that are safe.

Twenty first century manufacturing is characterized by customer specific products. Customers expect greater differentiation in the products that companies offer to them, thus changing the whole landscape of production. Greater the variety of products being offered to customers, greater is the complexity of shop floor operations. This complexity is translated to all the operations in the shop floor including material handling and inventory control. To overcome this situation, many manufacturers have turned to “Lean Manufacturing” to gain a competitive edge in the market by reducing costs and improving productivity in all operations throughout the shop floor. Therefore, this purpose of this thesis is to analyze the material handling of a highly customized multi-variant product-based production system. The thesis represents a case study that was done at a caravan manufacturing company in Tenhult, Sweden. During the study, data was gathered from field notes, observations and multiple semi-structured interviews. The findings were analyzed with respect to a theoretical background which was generated through an extensive literature review that was carried out throughout the research. Our analysis was based on a systems approach where the findings were categorized into three dimensions that affect material handling and inventory control. These dimensions are warehouse management systems, culture, and production management, which contribute to successful implementation of lean into the material handling operations and inventory control. In conclusion, the results show that efficient material handling and inventory control can only be achieved by finding a synergy between technology, people and organization. Our results also show that soft issues like organizational culture and employee culture need to be addressed along with technological issues because only when an alignment between people, technology and business objectives and values is achieved, lean implementation can be successful. Our results also show the need for better supplier customer collaboration to reduce inventory levels and material handling operation.

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate how companies in third-party logistics operate within customized warehouse solutions to identify which factors affect the work processes.  Method – To fulfil the purpose of the study, a literature study was conducted to create a theoretical framework to obtain an understanding of the subject TPL. Furthermore, to fulfil the purpose, a case study was conducted at a TPL company. The case study consisted of interviews and observations in which generated the empirical data for the analysis. The outcome of the data was interpreted and analysed by triangulation in order to detect patterns from different perspectives.  Findings – It can be stated that the work conducted in TPL-companies with customized warehousing solutions varies, due to the fact that different customers, with different products are handled in different ways. Furthermore, it emerged that there are at least 11 factors, both external and internal, that are estimated to have a direct impact on the work process in TPL- companies with customized warehousing solutions.  Implications – The results of the study have contributed to increasing the understanding of how TPL-companies work with customized warehousing solutions and also contributed to identify a number of factors that affect the work processes. With the result obtained, the study has contributed to supplementing the lack of research concerning TPL from a TPL perspective.  By visualizing the work process in TPL companies with customized warehouse solutions and highlighting factors that affect the work process in customized warehouses, this study can contribute to support the internal work in TPL companies. Furthermore, the improvement measures presented for seven of the factors can be used as a tool for TPL companies.  Limitations – The limitations of the study are that only one TPL company was included in the case study and three of the case company’s employees participated in the empirical collection. If multiple TPL companies and respondents with different areas of responsibility, one could assume that more factors than the 11 found in this study, could have been identified. Thus, the generalizability is limited for the study.

Visiting a museum is a popular activity for many people. Be it to find out about certain museum objects or to feel entertained. An important contribution to a satisfying museum experience is the information about the objects. On the one hand, the provided information should be about them, but at the same time reflect the interests of the visitor. Since the information presented on information labels is often only rudimentary, visitors can follow human guides or use digital tools that display additional information. The problem, however, that exists despite a wide range of offers, is that the information is designed for the general public and cannot be customized by the visitor. In this way, information is presented that is either not of interest to the visitor or, in the worst case, that the visitor does not understand because prior knowledge is lacking. Even if existing research deals with the presentation of information and the preparation of digital applications, the customizing aspect is often missing. This master thesis shows to what extent information and functions embedded in an app can be customized. A prototype of an app was constructed that, based on an example museum, presents filter options too utput customized information about a museum object. The prototype was tested in a user study by six participants. The participants tested the prototype by processing test tasks and answered an evaluation questionnaire. Three of the six participants also completed a group interview. The goal was to find out to what extent the filters offered reflect the needs of the participants and which functions and aspects are important for customization. The results show that despite the current lack of focus on prior knowledge, filtering based on it is not very effective. In addition, suggestions were made as to how groups could benefit from the more individual use of the app. Future research can build on the achieved results by integrating the proposed functions and testing them in further studies to expand the customization step by step.

No description available.

Det blir alltmer vanligt med kundanpassade produkter. Dagens sätt att tillverka på kan ses som ett resultat av att företag skiftat från massproduktion till att sätta kunden i centrum. Vi har gått in i den fjärde paradigmen av den industriella revolutionen, ”Mass-personifierad produktion” (MPP) eller ”Industri 4.0” som det även kallas. Kundanpassade produkter tar allt längre tid att göra, och för att få ut produkten snabbt krävs det att produkterna finns i lager vilket ger ett behov till prognostisering, och pålitliga processer.  I detta arbete har en fallstudie genomförts på ett industriföretag, Industri AB med syfte att undersöka och skapa förståelse för prognosprocessen på ett kundorderstyrt industriföretag. I detta arbete kartläggs även Industri AB:s prognosprocess.  Arbetet grundar sig en litteraturstudie av vetenskapliga artiklar och böcker, samt intervjuer på Industri AB. I arbetet har abduktion använts som vetenskapligt angreppsätt vilket betyder att det skett en växling mellan litteratur och empiriskt insamlat material. Genom att använda abduktion kunde de studerade faktorerna väljas utifrån de faktorer som, enligt litteraturen och Industri AB, har störst påverkan på prognosprocessen.  Efter att detta arbete genomförts går det att konstatera att det finns flera faktorer som påverkar prognosprocessen på kundorderstyrda industriföretag. Detta arbete tar upp sju påverkande faktorer och dessa är produktens utformning, osäkerhet, kommunikation och samarbete, bonussystem för säljare, den mänskliga faktorn, tillgängliga data och dess kvalitet, samt systematisk uppföljning. Faktorerna påverkar prognosprocessen på olika sätt, och denna studie ger även konkreta generella lösningsförslag samt förslag till hur Industri AB kan utveckla sin prognosprocess. / Customized products are becoming increasingly more common. Today's way of manufacturing can be seen as a result of companies shifting from mass production to putting the customer in the center. We have entered the fourth paradigm of the Industrial Revolution, "Mass-Personalized Production" or "Industry 4.0" as it is also called. Customized products take more and more time to produce, and in order to quickly get the product out, it is required that the products are in stock, which provides a need for forecasting and reliable processes. In this work, a case study has been carried out at an industrial company, Industri AB with the aim of investigating and create an understanding of the forecasting process at a customer order-driven industrial company. In this work, the forecasting process at Industri AB is also mapped. The work is based on a literature study of scientific articles and books, as well as interviews at Industri AB. In this work, abduction has been used as a scientific approach, which means that there has been an alternation between literature and empirically collected material. By using abduction, the studied factors could be selected based on the factors that, according to the literature and Industri AB, have the greatest impact on the forecasting process. After this work has been carried out, it can be concluded that there are several factors that affect the forecasting process at customer-order-driven industrial companies. This work addresses seven influencing factors and these are product design, uncertainty, communication and cooperation, bonus systems for salespeople, the human factor, the available data and its quality and systematic follow-up. The factors affect the forecasting process in different ways, and this study also provides concrete general solutions and suggestions for how Industri AB can improve their forecasting process.

Sverige har en åldrande befolkning och år 2070 kommer en fjärdedel av befolkning att vara över 65 år vilket kommer att sätta press på den svenska välfärden. Utmaningar knutet till en åldrande befolkning är ingenting nytt utan uppmärksammades i Långtidsutredningen från år 2000. Ett led i att minska kostnaderna i den offentliga sektorn är och har varit kvarboendeprincipen som innebär att äldre ska ges möjlighet att bo kvar i bostäder på den ordinarie bostadsmarknaden utifrån kvarboendeprincipen. Det juridiska ansvaret att säkra tillgången på bostäder för äldre finns hos kommunerna och till deras hjälp: de allmännyttiga kommunala bostadsbolagen. De kommunala allmännyttiga bostadsbolagen ska enligt lag agera med ett allmännyttigt syfte utifrån affärsmässiga principer. Lagstiftningen som reglerar allmännyttan från 2011 har ifrågasatts av flera forskare avseende om det är möjligt att förena ett allmännyttigt syfte tillsammans med affärsmässiga principer. Syftet med studien är att genom en flerfallsstudie beskriva hur kommunerna och de allmännyttiga kommunala bostadsbolagen arbetar tillsammans med bostadsförsörjning för äldre. Studien avgränsas till kommunerna Ljusdal och Söderhamn i Gävleborgs län. De utvalda kommunerna har negativ befolkningsutveckling och majoriteten av dess bostadsbestånd består av äganderätter vilket utifrån rådande teoribildning ska medföra svårigheter att tillgodose behovet av bostäder anpassade för äldre. För att svara på frågeställningarna har en kvalitativ innehållsanalys avstyrdokument som bostadsförsörjningsprogram, översiktsplaner ochägardirektiv från kommunerna och de allmännyttiga kommunalabostadsbolagen utförts. Dessutom har tjänstemän från planavdelningarna på derespektive kommunerna och representanter från de allmännyttiga kommunala bostadsbolagen intervjuats. Studien påvisar att båda de undersökta fallen jobbar med mellanboendeformer främst i form av trygghetsboenden för att klara av utmaningarna kopplat till bostadsförsörjning för äldre. Studiens resultat visar på betydande skillnader när det kommer till relationerna mellan kommunerna och de kommunala bostadsbolag vilket kan ha betydelse för bostadsförsörjningen och bostadsutvecklingen i kommunerna. / The population in Sweden is growing older. One fourth of the population will be over 65 years of age by the year 2070, a development that will set pressure on the Swedish welfare system. One way to reduce the public expenses has been to introduce kvarboendeprincipen, which is that elderly will be given the possibility to live in ordinary homes instead of nursing homes. By law, it is up to municipalities to secure local housing by conducting appropriate policies and guidelines. An important tool has for a long time been municipal housing companies. The municipal housing companies are obligated by Swedish law to act with a public purpose and at the same time to act in a businesslike way. The legislation from 2011 has been questioned by several researchers whether it is possible to combine a public purpose and still act in a businesslike way. The purpose of the study is by a qualitative multi-case study describing how the municipalities alongside the municipality housing companies are working together to provide housing customized for the elderly. The study is delimited to the municipalities: Söderhamn and Ljusdal in the county of Gävleborg. The selected cases have a negative population growth and most of their housing stock consists of property rights, which according to previous studies and research entails difficulties to provide the elderly with customized housing. To answer the research questions a qualitative content analysis of different municipal guiding documents has been performed: like comprehensive plans, housing supply documents and owner directives of the municipal housing companies. Interviews with public servants from the municipality’s city planning offices and representatives from the municipality housing companies have also been made. The study shows that the current housing stock in the analyzed municipalities: Söderhamn and Ljusdal is outdated which constitutes a problem concerning availability. The analyzed cases promote the production of customized housing for elderly in order to secure the housing needs of an aging population. The relationships between the municipalities and the municipal housing companies differ between the two analyzed cases which may affect the supply of customized housing. The results indicate that the provision of housing for the elderly not only can be understood by economic theories regarding supply and demand.