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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
351

Development and Validation of a Vibration-Based Sound Power Measurement Method

Jones, Cameron Bennion 10 April 2019 (has links)
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) provides no vibration-based sound power measurement standard that provides Precision (Grade 1) results. Current standards that provide Precision (Grade 1) results require known acoustic environments or complex setups. This thesis details the Vibration Based Radiation Mode (VBRM) method as one approach that could potentially be used to develop a Precision (Grade 1) standard. The VBRM method uses measured surface velocities of a structure and combines them with the radiation resistance matrix to calculate sound power. In this thesis the VBRM method is used to measure the sound power of a single-plate and multiple plate system. The results are compared to sound power measurements using ISO 3741 and good alignment between the 200 Hz and 4 kHz one-third octave band is shown. It also shows that in the case of two plates separated by a distance and driven with uncorrelated sources, the contribution to sound power of each individual plate can be calculated while they are simultaneously excited. The VBRM method is then extended to account for acoustically radiating cylindrical geometries. The mathematical formulations of the radiation resistance matrix and the accompanying acoustic radiation modes of a baffled cylinder are developed. Numberical sound power calculations using the VBRM method and a boundary element method (BEM) are compared and show good alignment. Experimental surface velocity measurements of a cylinder are taken using a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer (SLDV) and the VBRM method is used to calculate the sound power of a cylinder experimentally. The results are compared to sound power measurements taken using ISO 3741.
352

Regenerativ stötdämpning : i eldrivna fordon

Brink, Kasper, Orang, Elias January 2022 (has links)
Energy consumption in vehicles is challenging from an environmental standpoint as well asan economical one. This study is investigating the possibility of implementing regenerativedamping in vehicles. With traditional shock absorbers, the vertical linear motion is dampenedby converting the kinetic energy into heat. The purpose of regenerative damping is to convertthe kinetic energy into electricity instead. The electricity can then be used to charge batteriesor power various systems in the vehicle. Since the authors study mechanical engineering, thisproject mostly involves different concepts and the mechanical aspect of the system. Aliterature study, experiments, interviews and observations were performed to acquire atheoretical foundation. Five different concepts were then developed, one of them wasdetermined the best and further developed. The result of this thesis is that regenerativedamping is not yet mature enough to be used in vehicles. The technology is not justifiable asit does not save enough energy, compared to how much more it would cost to develop andbuild a regenerative shock absorber and the challenges associated with it.
353

Untersuchungen zum Einfluss der Porosität lichtbogendrahtgespritzter Zylinderlaufbahnen auf das Reibungsverhalten

Groetzki, Sascha 14 September 2023 (has links)
Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit dem Einfluss der Porosität lichtbogendrahtgespritzter Zylinderlaufbahnen auf das Reibungsverhalten. Hierzu wird das fokussierte System aus Kolbenring, Schmierstoff und Lauffläche zunächst für einen repräsentativen Betriebspunkt per numerischer Abschätzung der Kolbenringzwischendrücke sowie der Schmierfilmdicke analysiert und eine Einteilung der Reibungszustände vorgenommen. Unter anderem auf Basis der strömungsmechanischen Ähnlichkeitstheorie erfolgt im Anschluss eine Ableitung von Betriebspunkten für experimentelle Untersuchungen an einem Mittelhub-Tribometer im Bereich der Grenzreibung sowie Mischreibung und Hydrodynamik. An diesem Modellprüfstand werden daraufhin zum einen Laufbahnsegmente differenter Porosität gegen einen nitrierten Kompressionsring bewertet. Neben skalaren Größen dienen wegaufgelöste Signale über dem Hub zur Analyse des Reibungsverhaltens. In Ergänzung zu den nitrierten Oberflächen wird das Potenzial einer ta-C Beschichtung zur Reibungsreduzierung bewertet. Die Übertragbarkeit der erarbeiteten Erkenntnisse auf den verbrennungsmotorischen Betrieb wird über eine Messreihe an einem Einzylinderprüfstand untersucht. Auch hier werden Oberflächendaten verwendet, um eine Korrelation zwischen den ermittelten Reibmitteldrücken respektive den wegaufgelösten Signalen und der Porosität herstellen zu können. Über diese experimentellen Untersuchungen hinaus wird das Verhalten des Schmierfilms zwischen dem Kolbenring und einzelner Poren der Lauffläche mit Hilfe der dreidimensionalen numerischen Strömungssimulation analysiert. Hierzu werden Laufbahnsegmente per Computertomographie vermessen, einzelne Porenobjekte isoliert und für die Simulation aufbereitet. Im Rahmen von stationären Berechnungen wird zunächst eine Vielzahl einzelner Objekte in einem abstrahierten System strömungsmechanisch untersucht. Die Analyse ausgewählter Poren in transienten Strömungssimulationen und die Bewertung der Übertragbarkeit der Erkenntnisse schließen diese Arbeit ab.:1. Einleitung und wissenschaftliche Zielsetzung 1.1. Einführung 1.2. Zielsetzung und Aufbau der Arbeit 2. Grundlagen 2.1. Grundlagen der Tribologie 2.1.1. Reibung 2.1.2. Verschleiß 2.1.3. Schmierung und Schmierstoffe 2.2. Geometrische Charakterisierung von Oberflächen 2.3. Amorphe Kohlenstoffschichten 2.4. Kolbengruppe und Zylinderlaufbahn 2.5. Strömungsmechanik 2.5.1. Strömungsmechanische Grundlagen 2.5.2. Grundgleichungen der Strömungsmechanik 3. Methoden 3.1. Topographie von Oberflächen 3.1.1. Konfokalmikroskopie 3.1.2. Computertomographie 3.2. Untersuchung tribologischer Eigenschaften 3.2.1. Mittelhub-Tribometer 3.2.2. Einzylinderprüfstand 3.3. Numerische Strömungssimulation 3.3.1. Vernetzungsmethoden 3.3.2. Finite-Differenzen-Methode 3.3.3. Finite-Volumen-Methode 3.3.4. Instationäre Strömungen 3.3.5. Turbulente Strömungen 3.3.6. Kompressible Strömungen 4. Analyse des Systems aus Kolbenring, Schmierstoff und Zylinderlaufbahn 4.1. Bewertung der Kolbenringzwischendrücke 4.2. Numerische Berechnung der Schmierfilmdicke 4.3. Analyse der Reibzustände 5. Experimentelle Analyse 5.1. Untersuchungen am Mittelhub-Tribometer 5.1.1. Ableitung der Betriebspunkte, des Prüfablaufs und der Versuchsmatrix 5.1.2. Analyse der Oberflächen der Versuchsteile 5.1.3. Signalaufbereitung und -bewertung 5.1.4. Ergebnisse im Bereich der Grenzreibung 5.1.5. Ergebnisse im Bereich der Mischreibung und Hydrodynamik 5.2. Untersuchungen am befeuerten Einzylinderprüfstand 5.2.1. Prüfablauf und Versuchsmatrix 5.2.2. Analyse der Oberflächen der Versuchsteile 5.2.3. Ergebnisse der Messungen am Einzylinderprüfstand 5.3. Übertragbarkeit der Messergebnisse für den repräsentativen Betriebspunkt 6. Strömungssimulation des Schmierfilms 6.1. Extraktion und Aufbereitung der Poren aus der Zylinderlaufbahn 6.1.1. Vermessung und Aufbereitung der Laufbahnsegmente 6.1.2. Extraktion und Aufbereitung der Poren 6.2. Stationäre Strömungssimulation 6.2.1. Modellierung des Systems und Automatisierung der Berechnung 6.2.2. Ergebnisse 6.3. Transiente Strömungssimulation 6.3.1. Modellierung des Systems 6.3.2. Ergebnisse 7. Zusammenfassung und Ausblick 7.1. Zusammenfassung 7.2. Ausblick Literatur Abbildungsverzeichnis Tabellenverzeichnis Nomenklatur A. Anhang A.1. Anhang zu Kapitel 5 A.2. Anhang zu Kapitel 6 / This work deals with the influence of the porosity of twin wire arc sprayed cylinder liner on the friction behavior. For this purpose, the focused system of piston ring, lubricant and liner is first analyzed for a representative operating point by numerical estimation of the piston ring intermediate pressures as well as the lubricant film thickness and a classification of the friction states is carried out. Among other things, based on the mechanics of flow similarities, a calculation of operating points for experimental investigations on a medium stroke tribometer in the field of boundary friction as well as mixed and hydrodynamic friction is done subsequently. After that, on this model test bench, cylinder segments of different porosity are evaluated against a nitrided piston ring. Beside scalar values, signals above the stroke are used to analyze friction behavior. In addition to the nitrided surfaces, the potential of a ta-C coating for friction reduction is investigated. The transferability of the developed findings to the combustion-engined operation is evaluated via a series of measurements on a single cylinder test bench. Here, too, surface data is used to establish a correlation between the mean effective pressure of frictional forces determined or the signals above the stroke and the porosity. In addition to these experimental investigations, the behaviour of the lubricant film between the piston ring and single pores of the cylinder surface is evaluated using the three-dimensional numerical flow simulation. For this purpose, liner segments are measured by computed tomography, individual pore objects are isolated and processed for simulation. In the context of stationary calculations, a large number of individual objects are first examined in an abstracted system. The analysis of selected pores in transient flow simulations and the evaluation of the transferability of the findings complete this work.:1. Einleitung und wissenschaftliche Zielsetzung 1.1. Einführung 1.2. Zielsetzung und Aufbau der Arbeit 2. Grundlagen 2.1. Grundlagen der Tribologie 2.1.1. Reibung 2.1.2. Verschleiß 2.1.3. Schmierung und Schmierstoffe 2.2. Geometrische Charakterisierung von Oberflächen 2.3. Amorphe Kohlenstoffschichten 2.4. Kolbengruppe und Zylinderlaufbahn 2.5. Strömungsmechanik 2.5.1. Strömungsmechanische Grundlagen 2.5.2. Grundgleichungen der Strömungsmechanik 3. Methoden 3.1. Topographie von Oberflächen 3.1.1. Konfokalmikroskopie 3.1.2. Computertomographie 3.2. Untersuchung tribologischer Eigenschaften 3.2.1. Mittelhub-Tribometer 3.2.2. Einzylinderprüfstand 3.3. Numerische Strömungssimulation 3.3.1. Vernetzungsmethoden 3.3.2. Finite-Differenzen-Methode 3.3.3. Finite-Volumen-Methode 3.3.4. Instationäre Strömungen 3.3.5. Turbulente Strömungen 3.3.6. Kompressible Strömungen 4. Analyse des Systems aus Kolbenring, Schmierstoff und Zylinderlaufbahn 4.1. Bewertung der Kolbenringzwischendrücke 4.2. Numerische Berechnung der Schmierfilmdicke 4.3. Analyse der Reibzustände 5. Experimentelle Analyse 5.1. Untersuchungen am Mittelhub-Tribometer 5.1.1. Ableitung der Betriebspunkte, des Prüfablaufs und der Versuchsmatrix 5.1.2. Analyse der Oberflächen der Versuchsteile 5.1.3. Signalaufbereitung und -bewertung 5.1.4. Ergebnisse im Bereich der Grenzreibung 5.1.5. Ergebnisse im Bereich der Mischreibung und Hydrodynamik 5.2. Untersuchungen am befeuerten Einzylinderprüfstand 5.2.1. Prüfablauf und Versuchsmatrix 5.2.2. Analyse der Oberflächen der Versuchsteile 5.2.3. Ergebnisse der Messungen am Einzylinderprüfstand 5.3. Übertragbarkeit der Messergebnisse für den repräsentativen Betriebspunkt 6. Strömungssimulation des Schmierfilms 6.1. Extraktion und Aufbereitung der Poren aus der Zylinderlaufbahn 6.1.1. Vermessung und Aufbereitung der Laufbahnsegmente 6.1.2. Extraktion und Aufbereitung der Poren 6.2. Stationäre Strömungssimulation 6.2.1. Modellierung des Systems und Automatisierung der Berechnung 6.2.2. Ergebnisse 6.3. Transiente Strömungssimulation 6.3.1. Modellierung des Systems 6.3.2. Ergebnisse 7. Zusammenfassung und Ausblick 7.1. Zusammenfassung 7.2. Ausblick Literatur Abbildungsverzeichnis Tabellenverzeichnis Nomenklatur A. Anhang A.1. Anhang zu Kapitel 5 A.2. Anhang zu Kapitel 6
354

SYNTHESIS, EVALUATION AND MOLECULAR DYNAMIC SIMULATIONS OF NOVEL ANIONIC POLMERIC SURFACTANTS BASED ON POLYBENZOXAZINES

Mahfud, Riyad Ageli Saleh 11 June 2014 (has links)
No description available.
355

FLOW SEPARATION CONTROL FOR CYLINDER FLOW AND CASCADE FLOW USING GENERATOR JETS

KASLIWAL, AMIT 03 April 2006 (has links)
No description available.
356

A Novel Method for Accurate Evaluation of Size for Cylindrical Components

Ramaswami, Hemant 13 April 2010 (has links)
No description available.
357

MODEL-BASED ESTIMATION FOR IN-CYLINDER PRESSURE OF ADVANCED COMBUSTION ENGINES

Al-Durra, Ahmed Abad 25 October 2010 (has links)
No description available.
358

Diesel Engine Experimental Design and Advanced Analysis Techniques

Davis, Jonathan Michael 20 October 2011 (has links)
No description available.
359

REALTIME MAPPING AND SCENE RECONSTRUCTION BASED ON MID-LEVEL GEOMETRIC FEATURES

Georgiev, Kristiyan January 2014 (has links)
Robot mapping is a major field of research in robotics. Its basic task is to combine (register) spatial data, usually gained from range devices, to a single data set. This data set is called global map and represents the environment, observed from different locations, usually without knowledge of their positions. Various approaches can be classified into groups based on the type of sensor, e.g. Lasers, Microsoft Kinect, Stereo Image Pair. A major disadvantage of current methods is the fact, that they are derived from hardly scalable 2D approaches that use a small amount of data. However, 3D sensing yields a large amount of data in each 3D scan. Autonomous mobile robots have limited computational power, which makes it harder to run 3D robot mapping algorithms in real-time. To remedy this limitation, the proposed research uses mid-level geometric features (lines and ellipses) to construct 3D geometric primitives (planar patches, cylinders, spheres and cones) from 3D point data. Such 3D primitives can serve as distinct features for faster registration, allowing real-time performance on a mobile robot. This approach works in real-time, e.g. using a Microsoft Kinect to detect planes with 30 frames per second. While previous approaches show insufficient performance, the proposed method operates in real-time. In its core, the algorithm performs a fast model fitting with a model update in constant time (O(1)) for each new data point added to the model using a three stage approach. The first step inspects 1.5D sub spaces, to find lines and ellipses. The next stage uses these lines and ellipses as input by examining their neighborhood structure to form sets of candidates for the 3D geometric primitives. Finally, candidates are fitted to the geometric primitives. The complexity for point processing is O(n); additional time of lower order is needed for working on significantly smaller amount of mid-level objects. The real-time performance suggests this approach as a pre-processing step for 3D real-time higher level tasks in robotics, like tracking or feature based mapping. In this thesis, I will show how these features are derived and used for scene registration. Optimal registration is determined by finding plane-feature correspondence based on mutual similarity and geometric constraints. Our approach determines the plane correspondence in three steps. First step computes the distance between all pairs of planes from the first scan to all pair of planes from the second scan. The distance function captures angular, distance and co-planarity differences. The resulting distances are accumulated in a distance matrix. The next step uses the distance matrix to compute the correlation matrix between planes from the first and second scan. Finally plane correspondence is found by finding the global optimal assignment from the correlation matrix. After finding the plane correspondence, an optimal pose registration is computed. In addition to that, I will provide a comparison to existing state-of-the-art algorithms. This work is part of an industry collaboration effort sponsored by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), aiming at performance evaluation and modeling of autonomous navigation in unstructured and dynamic environments. Additional field work, in the form of evaluation of real robotic systems in a robot test arena was performed. / Computer and Information Science / Accompanied by two .mp4 files.
360

Design of Affordable Portable Mechanical Ventilator

Komatipalli, Rohith Kumar January 2024 (has links)
This report outlines developing a mechanism for a relatively low in price, portable, and mechanical ventilator prototype designed to bridge the gap in ventilator access brought about the COVID-19 pandemic. The key goal is to create a portable and easy to use device which will be capable of providing constant and effective respiratory support in areas having limited resources. The ventilator uses the Oscillating Cylinder Mechanism (OCM), which makes the ventilation smoothly and continuously. This eliminates the need for the user to put maximum effort and the patient benefits. Different ideas about designs were being put forward, concentrating on the portability, functionality, reliability, safety, and effectiveness. The OCM was selected because of its ventilation parameter adjustment ability to accommodate patient-specific needs, thereby functioning in a variety of clinical settings. Although upfront complexity and cost are developed, long-term perks such as lower user fatigue and maintenance expenses compensate for the financial investment. The end design will help in the emergency medical care especially in demand emergency situations, in ambulances, and in intensive care.

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