A integração de dados oriundos de fontes autônomas e heterogêneas ainda é um grande problema para diversas aplicações. Na indústria de petróleo e gás, uma grande quantidade de dados é gerada diariamente a partir de múltiplas fontes, tais como dados sísmicos, dados de poços, dados de perfuração, dados de transporte e dados de marketing. No entanto, estes dados são adquiridos através da aplicação de diferentes técnicas e representados em diferentes formatos e padrões. Assim, estes dados existem de formas estruturadas em banco de dados e de formas semi-estruturadas em planilhas e documentos, tais como relatórios e coleções multimídia. Para lidar com a heterogeneidade dos formatos de dados, a informação precisa ser padronizada e integrada em todos os sistemas, disciplinas e fronteiras organizacionais. Como resultado, este processo de integração permitirá uma melhor tomada de decisão dentro de colaborações, uma vez que dados de alta qualidade poderão ser acessados em tempo hábil. A indústria do petróleo depende do uso eficiente desses dados para a construção de modelos computacionais, a fim de simplificar a realidade geológica e para ajudar a compreende-la. Tal modelo, que contém objetos geológicos analisados por diferentes profissionais—geólogos, geofísicos e engenheiros — não representa a realidade propriamente dita, mas a conceitualização do especialista. Como resultado, os objetos geológicos modelados assumem representações semânticas distintas e complementares no apoio à tomada de decisões. Para manter os significados pretendidos originalmente, ontologias estão sendo usadas para explicitar a semântica dos modelos e para integrar os dados e arquivos gerados nas etapas da cadeia de exploração. A principal reivindicação deste trabalho é que a interoperabilidade entre modelos da terra construídos e manipulados por diferentes profissionais e sistemas pode ser alcançada evidenciando o significado dos objetos geológicos representados nos modelos. Nós mostramos que ontologias de domínio desenvolvidas com o apoio de conceitos teórico de ontologias de fundamentação demonstraram ser uma ferramenta adequada para esclarecer a semântica dos conceitos geológicos. Nós exemplificamos essa capacidade através da análise dos formatos de comunicação padrões mais utilizados na cadeia de modelagem (LAS, WITSML e RESQML), em busca de entidades semanticamente relacionadas com os conceitos geológicos descritos em ontologias de Geociências. Mostramos como as noções de identidade, rigidez, essencialidade e unidade, aplicadas a conceitos ontológicos, conduzem o modelador à definir mais precisamente os objetos geológicos no modelo. Ao tornar explícitas as propriedades de identidade dos objetos modelados, o modelador pode superar as ambiguidades da terminologia geológica. Ao fazer isso, explicitamos os objetos e propriedades relevantes que podem ser mapeados a partir de um modelo para outro, mesmo quando eles estão representados em diferentes nomes e formatos. / The integration of data issued from autonomous and heterogeneous sources is still a significant problem for an important number of applications. In the oil and gas industry, a large amount of data is generated every day from multiple sources such as seismic data, well data, drilling data, transportation data, and marketing data. However, these data are acquired by the application of different techniques and represented in different standards and formats. Thus, these data exist in a structured form in databases, and in semi-structured forms in spreadsheets and documents such as reports and multimedia collections. To deal with this large amount of information, as well as the heterogeneous data formats of the data, the information needs to be standardized and integrated across systems, disciplines and organizational boundaries. As a result, this information integration will enable better decision making within collaborations, once high quality data will be accessible timely. The petroleum industry depends on the efficient use of these data to the construction of computer models in order to simplify the geological reality and to help understanding it. Such a model, which contains geological objects analyzed by different professionals – geologists, geophysicists and engineers – does not represent the reality itself, but the expert’s conceptualization. As a result, the geological objects modeled assume distinct semantic representations and complementary in supporting decision-making. For keeping the original intended meanings, ontologies were used for expliciting the semantic of the models and for integrating the data and files generated in the various stages of the exploration chain. The major claim of this work is that interoperability among earth models built and manipulated by different professionals and systems can be achieved by making apparent the meaning of the geological objects represented in the models. We show that domain ontologies developed with support of theoretical background of foundational ontologies show to be an adequate tool to clarify the semantic of geology concepts. We exemplify this capability by analyzing the communication standard formats most used in the modeling chain (LAS,WITSML, and RESQML), searching for entities semantically related with the geological concepts described in ontologies for Geosciences. We show how the notions of identity, rigidity, essentiality and unity applied to ontological concepts lead the modeler to more precisely define the geological objects in the model. By making explicit the identity properties of the modeled objects, the modeler who applies data standards can overcome the ambiguities of the geological terminology. In doing that, we clarify which are the relevant objects and properties that can be mapped from one model to another, even when they are represented with different names and formats.

Technological advances, particularly in the areas of processing and storage have made it possible to gather an unprecedented vast and heterogeneous amount of data. The evolution of the internet, particularly Social media, the internet of things, and mobile technology together with new business trends has precipitated us in the age of Big data and add complexity to the integration task. The objective of this study has been to explore the question of data heterogeneity trough the deployment of a systematic literature review methodology. The study surveys the drivers of this data heterogeneity, the inner workings of it, and it explores the interrelated fields and technologies that deal with the capture, organization and mining of this data and their limitations. Developments such as Hadoop and its suit components together with new computing paradigms such as cloud computing and virtualization help palliate the unprecedented amount of rapidly changing, heterogeneous data which we see today. Despite these dramatic developments, the study shows that there are gaps which need to be filled in order to tackle the challenges of Web 3.0.

A manufatura virtual representa uma abordagem emergente que as empresas podem adotar para melhorar seus processos de desenvolvimento de produtos, introduzindo novos produtos no mercado mais rapidamente e a um custo apropriado. A ideia fundamental é criar um ambiente integrado e sintético, composto por um conjunto de ferramentas e sistemas de software, tais como realidade virtual e simulação para apoiar esses processos. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a utilização da manufatura virtual no processo de desenvolvimento de produtos em termos de limitações existentes que podem ser superadas, proposta da manufatura virtual, benefícios, e desafios encontrados para sua aplicação. Para a realização da análise, foi desenvolvido um modelo para orientar a aplicação da manufatura virtual no processo de desenvolvimento de produtos que considera: as atividades do desenvolvimento de produtos que podem ser apoiadas por sistemas de software da manufatura virtual; os tipos de sistemas e suas funcionalidades; e alternativas de formatos neutros para habilitar a interoperabilidade de dados. O trabalho foi desenvolvido através da realização de estudos de caso, que forneceram informações para a análise da utilização da manufatura virtual e para a geração do modelo proposto. / Virtual manufacturing represents the emerging approach the enterprises can use to improve their processes, introducing new products more quickly in the market in a cost effective way. The fundamental idea is to create an integrated and synthetic environment, composed of software tools and systems such as virtual reality and simulation to support those processes. The purpose of this work is to analyze the utilization of virtual manufacturing in the product development process regarding current limitations that can be overcome by virtual manufacturing, its proposal, benefits and challenges for its application. For the analysis accomplishment, a product development model in virtual manufacturing environment was developed which considers: the product development activities that can be supported by virtual manufacturing systems; the system types and their functionalities; and neutral formats alternatives to enable data interoperability. The research was done by the accomplishment of case studies that provided information to the impact analysis and to the model development.

A integração de dados oriundos de fontes autônomas e heterogêneas ainda é um grande problema para diversas aplicações. Na indústria de petróleo e gás, uma grande quantidade de dados é gerada diariamente a partir de múltiplas fontes, tais como dados sísmicos, dados de poços, dados de perfuração, dados de transporte e dados de marketing. No entanto, estes dados são adquiridos através da aplicação de diferentes técnicas e representados em diferentes formatos e padrões. Assim, estes dados existem de formas estruturadas em banco de dados e de formas semi-estruturadas em planilhas e documentos, tais como relatórios e coleções multimídia. Para lidar com a heterogeneidade dos formatos de dados, a informação precisa ser padronizada e integrada em todos os sistemas, disciplinas e fronteiras organizacionais. Como resultado, este processo de integração permitirá uma melhor tomada de decisão dentro de colaborações, uma vez que dados de alta qualidade poderão ser acessados em tempo hábil. A indústria do petróleo depende do uso eficiente desses dados para a construção de modelos computacionais, a fim de simplificar a realidade geológica e para ajudar a compreende-la. Tal modelo, que contém objetos geológicos analisados por diferentes profissionais—geólogos, geofísicos e engenheiros — não representa a realidade propriamente dita, mas a conceitualização do especialista. Como resultado, os objetos geológicos modelados assumem representações semânticas distintas e complementares no apoio à tomada de decisões. Para manter os significados pretendidos originalmente, ontologias estão sendo usadas para explicitar a semântica dos modelos e para integrar os dados e arquivos gerados nas etapas da cadeia de exploração. A principal reivindicação deste trabalho é que a interoperabilidade entre modelos da terra construídos e manipulados por diferentes profissionais e sistemas pode ser alcançada evidenciando o significado dos objetos geológicos representados nos modelos. Nós mostramos que ontologias de domínio desenvolvidas com o apoio de conceitos teórico de ontologias de fundamentação demonstraram ser uma ferramenta adequada para esclarecer a semântica dos conceitos geológicos. Nós exemplificamos essa capacidade através da análise dos formatos de comunicação padrões mais utilizados na cadeia de modelagem (LAS, WITSML e RESQML), em busca de entidades semanticamente relacionadas com os conceitos geológicos descritos em ontologias de Geociências. Mostramos como as noções de identidade, rigidez, essencialidade e unidade, aplicadas a conceitos ontológicos, conduzem o modelador à definir mais precisamente os objetos geológicos no modelo. Ao tornar explícitas as propriedades de identidade dos objetos modelados, o modelador pode superar as ambiguidades da terminologia geológica. Ao fazer isso, explicitamos os objetos e propriedades relevantes que podem ser mapeados a partir de um modelo para outro, mesmo quando eles estão representados em diferentes nomes e formatos. / The integration of data issued from autonomous and heterogeneous sources is still a significant problem for an important number of applications. In the oil and gas industry, a large amount of data is generated every day from multiple sources such as seismic data, well data, drilling data, transportation data, and marketing data. However, these data are acquired by the application of different techniques and represented in different standards and formats. Thus, these data exist in a structured form in databases, and in semi-structured forms in spreadsheets and documents such as reports and multimedia collections. To deal with this large amount of information, as well as the heterogeneous data formats of the data, the information needs to be standardized and integrated across systems, disciplines and organizational boundaries. As a result, this information integration will enable better decision making within collaborations, once high quality data will be accessible timely. The petroleum industry depends on the efficient use of these data to the construction of computer models in order to simplify the geological reality and to help understanding it. Such a model, which contains geological objects analyzed by different professionals – geologists, geophysicists and engineers – does not represent the reality itself, but the expert’s conceptualization. As a result, the geological objects modeled assume distinct semantic representations and complementary in supporting decision-making. For keeping the original intended meanings, ontologies were used for expliciting the semantic of the models and for integrating the data and files generated in the various stages of the exploration chain. The major claim of this work is that interoperability among earth models built and manipulated by different professionals and systems can be achieved by making apparent the meaning of the geological objects represented in the models. We show that domain ontologies developed with support of theoretical background of foundational ontologies show to be an adequate tool to clarify the semantic of geology concepts. We exemplify this capability by analyzing the communication standard formats most used in the modeling chain (LAS,WITSML, and RESQML), searching for entities semantically related with the geological concepts described in ontologies for Geosciences. We show how the notions of identity, rigidity, essentiality and unity applied to ontological concepts lead the modeler to more precisely define the geological objects in the model. By making explicit the identity properties of the modeled objects, the modeler who applies data standards can overcome the ambiguities of the geological terminology. In doing that, we clarify which are the relevant objects and properties that can be mapped from one model to another, even when they are represented with different names and formats.

Orientador: Álvaro de Oliveira D'Antona / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T05:40:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bueno_MariadoCarmoDias_D.pdf: 7981716 bytes, checksum: 356dc960778fb4aecc233ad1c7da89f7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Dois problemas relacionados com a utilização de dados agregados são bastante conhecidos e citados na literatura. O primeiro deles diz respeito à não coincidência entre as unidades para as quais os dados são disponibilizados e aquelas para as quais os dados são necessários; o segundo está relacionado com a estabilidade temporal das unidades de agregação. Como solução para esses problemas este trabalho propõe a utilização de células regulares dispostas em um sistema de grade para a agregação e disseminação de dados censitários, denominada "grade estatística". As células desta grade têm pequenas dimensões, podendo ser consideradas como "tijolos" que se juntam para formar qualquer recorte espacial desejado e não se alteram ao longo do tempo. A utilização de dados agregados em unidades de pequenas dimensões proporciona também um aumento do potencial analítico. Foram selecionadas duas unidades da federação ¿ Pará e São Paulo - para a criação da metodologia de geração da grade estatística e para a execução de aplicações práticas. A abordagem selecionada é híbrida, mesclando agregação e desagregação. A primeira utiliza os microdados censitários associados aos seus atributos de localização para a agregação dos dados; a segunda utiliza métodos espaciais e/ou estatísticos juntamente com dados secundários para a realocação espacial dos dados. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a abordagem híbrida é viável e deve ser utilizada quando existe uma grande variação na qualidade dos dados e a área de estudo abrange grandes extensões. Os dados obtidos apresentaram uma boa qualidade e a sua utilização permitiu a execução de análises com um maior nível de desagregação espacial, além de facilitar a integração de dados agregados em unidades geográficas diferentes / Abstract: Two problems associated with the use of aggregate data are well known and reported in the literature. The first concerns the mismatch between those units for which data is available and those for which data is needed; the second is related to the temporal stability of the aggregation units. As a solution to these problems, this study proposes the use of regular cells arranged in a grid-like pattern, called a "statistical grid," to aggregate and disseminate census data. The cells of this grid have small dimensions; they may be considered as "bricks" that come together to fill any desired spatial area and remain unchanged over time. The use of aggregate data in units of small dimensions also provides an increased potential for analysis. Two states ¿ Pará and São Paulo ¿ were selected to create a methodology for generating a statistical grid and to implement practical applications. A hybrid approach was selected, merging aggregation and disaggregation approaches. The first uses the census microdata associated with its location attributes; the second uses spatial and/or statistical methods and ancillary data. The results demonstrated that the hybrid approach is viable and should be used in the event of a large variation in data quality and when the study area encompasses large expanses. The data obtained are of good fit and their use enabled the execution of analysis with a higher level of spatial disaggregation, in addition to facilitating the integration of data available in different geographical units / Doutorado / Demografia / Doutora em Demografia

Data integration techniques are one of the core elements of DIECOFIS, an EU-funded international research project that aims at developing a methodology for the construction of a system of indicators on competitiveness and fiscal impact on enterprise performance. Data integration is also of major interest for official statistics agencies as a means of using available information more efficiently and improving the quality of the agency's products. The Austrian member of the project consortium comprises university departments, representatives from the Bundesanstalt Statistik Austria, from the Statistical Department of the Austrian Economic Chamber, and from ec3, a non-profit research corporation. This paper gives a short report on DIECOFIS in general and on the Austrian contribution to the project, mainly dealing with data integration methodology. Various papers that have been read at the DIECOFIS workshop last November in Vienna, will be published as a Special Issue of the Austrian Journal of Statistics.

The goal of this thesis is to design and implement a framework to support Legacy system access. Legacy systems are databases that use incompatible and obsolete technologies and can not be easily abandoned. The framework allows the abstraction of application logic from database platform and will enable full or incremental migration to a new, modern platform in the future. The framework also considers the option of encapsulation of an existing legacy application into the new system as a black box. The framework is well configurable and extendable and is independent on database platform or data context. A system based on proposed framework has been succesfully deployed in a company. The system facilitated the migration of the company to a new information system with an entirely different database platform. The practice shows the viability of the framework design. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

This master thesis deals with management request towards informatics department within front company that provides wide range of financial services. Demand refers to client contact data, particularly correspondence addresses and calls for possibility to mass change such records. There are several relatively separated tasks which need to be discussed in order to fulfill the request. First part introduces the company and analyze current situation. Then continue by describing correspondence addresses issue and supports with reasons for the inevitable change. Company's information system architecture is outlined with emphasis on central database that is being formed. This part also further describes options how data can be stored. Middle part contains reason--based choice where correspondence records should be maintained in company's data architecture. Implementation plan with chosen storage pattern is formed here and connected changes in system are highlighted. As a last processes connected to correspondence addresses mass modification are described and drawn with selected notation. After that user graphic interface is designed as a place where the self request will be served.

This thesis is focused on Master Data Management of Product Data. At present, most publications on the topic of MDM take into account customer data, and a very limited number of sources focus solely on product data. Some resources actually do attempt to cover MDM in full-depth. Even those publications are typically are very customer oriented. The lack of Product MDM oriented literature became one of the motivations for this thesis. Another motivation was to outline and analyze specifics of Product MDM in context of its implementation and software requirements for a vendor of MDM application software. For this I chose to create and describe a methodology for implementing MDM of product data. The methodology was derived from personal experience on projects focused on MDM of customer data, which was applied on findings from the theoretical part of this thesis. By analyzing product data characteristics and their impacts on MDM implementation as well as their requirements for application software, this thesis helps vendors of Customer MDM to understand the challenges of Product MDM and therefore to embark onto the product data MDM domain. Moreover this thesis can also serve as an information resource for enterprises considering adopting MDM of product data into their infrastructure.

La santé se digitalise et de multiples projets d’e-santé se développent. Dans le contexte des maladies rares (MR), un champ qui est devenu parmi les priorités de la stratégie de santé publique en France, l’e-santé pourrait constituer une solution pour améliorer les connaissances sur l’épidémiologie des MR. La Banque Nationale de Données Maladies Rares (BNDMR) propose de centraliser la conduite de ces études épidémiologiques pour toutes les MR et tous les patients, atteints de ces maladies, suivis dans le système de soin français. La BNDMR doit se développer au sein d’un paysage numérique dense et hétérogène. Développer l’interopérabilité de la BNDMR constitue l’objectif des travaux de cette thèse. Comment identifier les patients, incluant les fœtus ? Comment fédérer les identités des patients? Comment chainer des données pour permettre la conduite des études ? En réponse à ces questions, nous proposons une méthode universelle d’identification des patients qui respecte les contraintes de protection des données de santé. Quelles données recueillir dans la BNDMR ? Comment améliorer l’interopérabilité entre ces données et celles issues du large éventail des systèmes existants ? En réponse à ces questions, nous proposons de standardiser le recueil d’un set minimal de données pour toutes les MR. L’implémentation de standards internationaux assure un premier pas vers l’interopérabilité. Nous proposons aussi d’aller à la découverte de correspondances. Minimiser l’intervention humaine en adoptant des techniques d’alignement automatisé et rendre fiables et exploitables les résultats de ces alignements ont constitué les principales motivations de notre proposition. / The digitalization of healthcare is on and multiple e-health projects are unceasingly coming up. In the rare diseases context, a field that has become a public health policy priority in France, e-health could be a solution to improve rare diseases epidemiology and to propose a better care for patients. The national data bank for rare diseases (BNDMR) offers the centralization of these epidemiological studies conduction for all rare diseases and all affected patients followed in the French healthcare system. The BNDMR must grow in a dense and heterogeneous digital landscape. Developing the BNDMR interoperability is the objective of this thesis’ work. How to identify patients, including fetuses? How to federate patients’ identities to avoid duplicates creation? How to link patients’ data to allow studies’ conduction? In response to these questions, we propose a universal method for patients’ identification that meets the requirements of health data protection. Which data should be collected in the national data bank? How to improve and facilitate the development of interoperability between these data and those from the wide range of the existing systems? In response to these questions, we first propose the collection of a standardized minimum data set for all rare diseases. The implementation of international standards provides a first step toward interoperability. We then propose to move towards the discovery of mappings between heterogeneous data sources. Minimizing human intervention by adopting automated alignment techniques and making these alignments’ results reliable and exploitable were the main motivations of our proposal.