Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2003. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2006. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2002. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Dermatomiosite é doença idiopática inflamatória crônica que afeta musculatura estriada, pele e outros órgãos. Este trabalho tem o objetivo de caracterizar os pacientes com a doença encontrados no HC-FMUSP no período de janeiro de 1992 a dezembro de 2002, avaliando a classificação, as manifestações cutâneas e sistêmicas, achados laboratoriais, terapêuticos e evolutivos em relação à literatura. Este estudo foi baseado nos dados obtidos dos prontuários de 109 pacientes com critérios diagnósticos definidos por Bohan e Peter e modificados por Drake. Os pacientes foram divididos em cinco grupos: 23 dermatomiosites juvenis, 59 dermatomiosites primárias idiopáticas, 6 dermatomiosites amiopáticas, 7 dermatomiosites associada a neoplasias e 14 dermatomiosites associadas a outras doenças do tecido conectivo. Sessenta pacientes foram caracterizados como diagnóstico definido, 33 como possíveis, 4 como prováveis e 12 como amiopáticos. A maior representação foi do sexo feminino (85/109) e a idade média do diagnóstico da doença foi de 36 anos. Manifestações cutâneas foram observadas em todos os pacientes; em relação às alterações sistêmicas a manifestação muscular mais freqüente foi a perda de força proximal (88%); manifestação pulmonar mais comum foi a pneumopatia intersticial (16,5%) e a manifestação digestiva mais observada foi a gastrite (20,2%). Documentaram-se neoplasias durante o seguimento da doença em 6,42% dos casos, sendo mais freqüente nos pacientes acima de 60 anos (71,4%).A enzima muscular alterada na maioria dos casos foi a desidrogenase lática (78,6%). Realizou-se biópsia cutânea em 68 pacientes com alterações compatíveis ao exame anatomopatológico em 78% dos casos. Dentre os casos, 53 pacientes se submeteram à biópsia muscular e 96% deles apresentaram miosite ao exame anatomopatológico. Das 58 eletroneuromiografias efetuadas, mostrou-se padrão miopático compatível com a enfermidade em 81% dos casos. A terapia mais utilizada foram os esteróides e a mortalidade foi de 14,7%, sendo as causas de óbito mais freqüentes a neoplasia maligna, septisemia e infecção pulmonar. / Dermatomyositis is a chronic idiopathic inflammatory disorder which affects the striated skeletal muscles, the skin, and other organs. This present study aims at characterizing the patients who have been affected by this disease and were under treatment at HCFMUSP from January, 1992 to December, 2002 Its classification, the cutaneous and systemical manifestations, as well as laboratorial, therapeutical and evolutive findings were checked out in accordance with the literature. The base for this study was the data obtained from the analysis of 109 patients´records who met not only Bohan\'s and Peter\'s criteria for dermatomyositis diagnosis but also the ones modified by Drake. The patients were divided into five groups: 23 juvenile dermatomyositis, 59 idiopatic primary dermatomyositis, 6 amyopatic dermatomyositis, 7 dermatomyositis associated to malignancy and 14 dermatomyositis associated to connective tissue disorder Sixty of these patients were classified as definite diagnostic, 33 as possible, 4 as probable and 12 as amyopathic. Most patients were female (85/109) and the average age for the diagnosis of the illness was 36. Skin manifestations were observed in all patients, while regarding the systemical alterations, the most frequent was the loss of proximal strength (88%). As the lung manifestation, the most common was an interstitial pneumopathy (16,5%) and as the digestive manifestation, the one which was more commonly observed was gastritis (20,2%). Neoplasies were documented after the following up of the disease in 6,42% of the cases, which was more frequent in patients over 60 years of age (71,4%). The muscle enzyme modified in the majority of the cases was the lactic dehydrogenize (78,6%). Skin biopsy procedure was carried out in 68 patients who showed compatible changes to anatomo-pathological exam in 78% of the cases; 53 patients went under muscular biopsy and 96 % of them proved to have myositis after anatomo-pathological exams. From the fifty-eight electroneuromiographies that were carried out, 81% of the cases showed to have compatible myopathic patterns. Steroidal drugs were the most common therapy used. The mortality rate was 14,7% and the most usual causes of death were malignant neoplasm, sepsis and pulmonary infection.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2002. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

Dermatomiosite é doença idiopática inflamatória crônica que afeta musculatura estriada, pele e outros órgãos. Este trabalho tem o objetivo de caracterizar os pacientes com a doença encontrados no HC-FMUSP no período de janeiro de 1992 a dezembro de 2002, avaliando a classificação, as manifestações cutâneas e sistêmicas, achados laboratoriais, terapêuticos e evolutivos em relação à literatura. Este estudo foi baseado nos dados obtidos dos prontuários de 109 pacientes com critérios diagnósticos definidos por Bohan e Peter e modificados por Drake. Os pacientes foram divididos em cinco grupos: 23 dermatomiosites juvenis, 59 dermatomiosites primárias idiopáticas, 6 dermatomiosites amiopáticas, 7 dermatomiosites associada a neoplasias e 14 dermatomiosites associadas a outras doenças do tecido conectivo. Sessenta pacientes foram caracterizados como diagnóstico definido, 33 como possíveis, 4 como prováveis e 12 como amiopáticos. A maior representação foi do sexo feminino (85/109) e a idade média do diagnóstico da doença foi de 36 anos. Manifestações cutâneas foram observadas em todos os pacientes; em relação às alterações sistêmicas a manifestação muscular mais freqüente foi a perda de força proximal (88%); manifestação pulmonar mais comum foi a pneumopatia intersticial (16,5%) e a manifestação digestiva mais observada foi a gastrite (20,2%). Documentaram-se neoplasias durante o seguimento da doença em 6,42% dos casos, sendo mais freqüente nos pacientes acima de 60 anos (71,4%).A enzima muscular alterada na maioria dos casos foi a desidrogenase lática (78,6%). Realizou-se biópsia cutânea em 68 pacientes com alterações compatíveis ao exame anatomopatológico em 78% dos casos. Dentre os casos, 53 pacientes se submeteram à biópsia muscular e 96% deles apresentaram miosite ao exame anatomopatológico. Das 58 eletroneuromiografias efetuadas, mostrou-se padrão miopático compatível com a enfermidade em 81% dos casos. A terapia mais utilizada foram os esteróides e a mortalidade foi de 14,7%, sendo as causas de óbito mais freqüentes a neoplasia maligna, septisemia e infecção pulmonar. / Dermatomyositis is a chronic idiopathic inflammatory disorder which affects the striated skeletal muscles, the skin, and other organs. This present study aims at characterizing the patients who have been affected by this disease and were under treatment at HCFMUSP from January, 1992 to December, 2002 Its classification, the cutaneous and systemical manifestations, as well as laboratorial, therapeutical and evolutive findings were checked out in accordance with the literature. The base for this study was the data obtained from the analysis of 109 patients´records who met not only Bohan\'s and Peter\'s criteria for dermatomyositis diagnosis but also the ones modified by Drake. The patients were divided into five groups: 23 juvenile dermatomyositis, 59 idiopatic primary dermatomyositis, 6 amyopatic dermatomyositis, 7 dermatomyositis associated to malignancy and 14 dermatomyositis associated to connective tissue disorder Sixty of these patients were classified as definite diagnostic, 33 as possible, 4 as probable and 12 as amyopathic. Most patients were female (85/109) and the average age for the diagnosis of the illness was 36. Skin manifestations were observed in all patients, while regarding the systemical alterations, the most frequent was the loss of proximal strength (88%). As the lung manifestation, the most common was an interstitial pneumopathy (16,5%) and as the digestive manifestation, the one which was more commonly observed was gastritis (20,2%). Neoplasies were documented after the following up of the disease in 6,42% of the cases, which was more frequent in patients over 60 years of age (71,4%). The muscle enzyme modified in the majority of the cases was the lactic dehydrogenize (78,6%). Skin biopsy procedure was carried out in 68 patients who showed compatible changes to anatomo-pathological exam in 78% of the cases; 53 patients went under muscular biopsy and 96 % of them proved to have myositis after anatomo-pathological exams. From the fifty-eight electroneuromiographies that were carried out, 81% of the cases showed to have compatible myopathic patterns. Steroidal drugs were the most common therapy used. The mortality rate was 14,7% and the most usual causes of death were malignant neoplasm, sepsis and pulmonary infection.

Die heterogene Gruppe der Myopathien kann sowohl die Funktion des Muskels beeinflussen, als auch andere Organsysteme. Erworbenen Muskelerkrankungen sind theoretisch behandelbar, jedoch stehen zumeist nur sehr unspezifische Behandlungsoptionen zur Verfügung, während für vererbte Formen bisher keine kausalen Therapiemöglichkeiten bekannt sind. In dieser Arbeit wurden drei verschiedene Muskelerkrankungen untersucht. Gemeinsam ist ihnen ein jeweils charakteristischer Einstrom von Entzündungszellen, wobei die Zusammensetzung des Zellinfiltrates (z.B. Lymphozyten oder Makrophagen) bei den verschieden Erkrankungen unterschiedlich war. Weiterhin unterscheidet sich das zugrunde liegende Zytokinmilieu für die einzelnen untersuchten Entitäten. Daher war es Ziel der Arbeit, die genauen Interaktionen zwischen den Immunzellen zu untersuchen, sowie die charakteristischen Phänomene der Erkrankungen (Hypoxie, Entzündung und Fibrose). Nekrotisierende Myopathien können sowohl durch eine immun-vermittelte Genese, als auch durch Kontakt mit toxischen Substanzen ausgelöst werden und beide Subgruppen können klar durch morphologische Kriterien, als auch durch spezielle Immunaspekte unterschieden werden. Makrophagen waren hier die vorherrschende Zellpopulation und im gesamten Muskel verteilt. Patienten mit Dermatomyositis dagegen zeigten ein typisches perifaszikuläres Atrophiemuster und hypoxische Effekte, wobei beide Phänomene deutlich ausgeprägter bei juvenilen, als bei adulten Patienten vorkamen. Erbliche Myopathien (z.B. Muskeldystrophie Duchenne) können ebenfalls entzündliche Infiltrate aufweisen und die Entwicklung von Fibrose in der Skelettmuskulatur ist dabei ein Hauptkriterium der Muskelfaserdegeneration. Ein neu entwickelter computer-basierter Algorithmus wurde genutzt, um diese Entwicklung zu quantifizieren. Die Menge an Bindegewebe steigt mit dem Alter der Patienten, während bei älteren Patienten außerdem ein fettgewebiger Umbau ein wichtiger Aspekt der Pathologie war. / The heterogeneous group of myopathies can affect the skeletal muscle or other organ systems and comprise a huge number of different entities. Acquired myopathies are potentially treatable, but there are often only unspecific treatment options, while there is no causative cure for inherited forms of myopathies. In this work, three different entities were analyzed, which all share common aspects of the immune response, but also feature distinct immunological aspects as well. They have an inflammatory part in common, which is mainly regulated by influx of immune cells. However, the composition of these cellular infiltrates (e.g. lymphocytes or macrophages) was varying between the diseases. In addition, the respective cytokine milieu was highly specific in the examined entities. Thus, the aim of the study was to precisely examine interactions between immune cells, and analyze characteristic pathological phenomena (hypoxia, inflammation and fibrosis). Necrotizing myopathies have an immune-mediated background or showed a toxic aetiology and both sub-groups can be distinguished by their morphological characteristics and certain immune aspects. Here macrophages are the predominant cell population and are spread throughout the muscle. Analyses of patients suffering from dermatomyositis showed a typical perifascicular pattern of atrophy, as well as effects of hypoxia and the described features are in general more pronounced in juvenile dermatomyositis than in the adult form. Inherited myopathies (e.g. Duchenne muscular dystrophy) harbor significant inflammatory infiltrates as well and development of fibrosis was a major feature of skeletal muscle degeneration. A computer-based algorithm was used to quantify fibrosis. The amount of connective tissue increased with the age of patients, while at late stage of disease fatty transformation was an additional important issue.

Aims: To elucidate the aetiopathological mechanisms underlying the IIMs, through a combination of genotyping, serotyping and clinical phenotyping in a large cohort of Caucasian idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study of prevalent IIM cases, ascertained through the Adult Onset Myositis Immunogenetic Collaboration, was performed. Cases were confirmed as possessing myositis according to Bohan and Peter (Bohan and Peter 1975a; Bohan and Peter 1975b). IIM clinical subtypes studied included polymyositis (PM), dermatomyositis (DM) and myositis associated with other connective tissue disease (myositis/CTD-overlap). Genotyping of major histocompatibility complex genes, including HLA-B, -DR, -DQ, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), was performed using commercial kits. Serotyping of a comprehensive range of myositis specific/associated antibodies (MSA/MAAs) was undertaken. Results: Clinical subsets are described within the serological groupings, suggesting that the classification of the IIMs appears to be better served by the serotype than by the clinical subgrouping of disease. The IIMs possess HLA class I and II haplotype associations and genetic differences observed between PM and DM are accounted for by serological differences. The TNF-308A association is not independent of HLA class I, due to the strong LD within the MHC, but does form part of a haplotype with these factors. An absence of routinely tested for MSA/MAAs makes cancer associated myositis (CAM) more likely, especially in the DM subgroup. An antibody against a 155 and 140kDa doublet is associated with the development of CAM. Outcome measures in the IIMs show construct validity. HLA-DRB1*07 appears to predict a milder clinical phenotype with less disability. No convincing gene-environmental interaction was found capable of altering disease susceptibility or clinical phenotype. Conclusions: Myositis disease subtypes therefore appear to be defined by specific haplotypes acting as risk factors for the development of various MSAs and MAAs.

Em sete adolescentes com dermatomiosite (DM) juvenil (DMJ) foi avaliada a função gonadal através do estadiamento puberal, aspectos da sexualidade, exame físico da genitália e exames complementares: análise seminal (duas amostras com intervalo de um mês), anticorpos anti-espermatozóides, ultra-sonografia escrotal e dosagens hormonais (testosterona, hormônio estimulante do folículo, hormônio luteinizante, prolactina, T3, T4, T4 livre e TSH). Todos os pacientes apresentaram terazospermia, dois tiveram varicocele e um anticorpo anti-espermatozóide localizado em peça intermediária. A futura fertilidade destes pacientes é incerta e estudos de prevalência de função gonadal em populações de jovens e adultos do sexo masculino com DM são necessários / In seven adolescents with dermatomyositis (MD) juvenile (JDM), gonadal function was evaluated through the puberal estadiamento, aspects of the sexuality, examination of the genitalia, semen analysis (two semen samples over a period of one month), anti-sperm, testicular ultrasound and hormones (testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, T3, T4, free T4 and TSH).