Dissertation (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / Bibliography. Also available via the Internet.

No description available.

This project investigates applications of GIS and remote sensing to advance the hydrological understanding and improve the management of the water resources in large semi-arid regions. In the Lake Chad Basin, Africa, it is demonstrated how remotely sensed data can contribute significantly to a groundwater problem, something which historically has not often been achieved, particularly in semi-arid areas. In semi-arid areas, water is scarce and groundwater is often the only perennial resource available for the population. In the central part of Lake Chad Basin, this study focuses on the Quaternary aquifer which covers a vast surface area of 500,000 km 2 and provide most of the water used by human activities (Eberschweiler, 1993; FAO-Schroeter and Gear, 1973; UNESCO-PNUD-CBLT, 1972). So far, there are significant differences in the estimations of recharge and discharge phenomena of the Quaternary aquifer. Another scientific issue is the presence across the Quaternary aquifer of large piezometric depressions (Eberschweiler, 1992; FAO-Schroeter and Gear, 1973; Greigert, 1979; Schneider, 1969; Schneider and Wolff, 1992; UNESCO-PNUD-CBLT, 1972). Although, various theories about their formation and their mechanism have be raised (Aranyossy and Ndiaye, 1993; Dieng and Ledoux, 1987; Dieng et al., 1990; Durand, 1995), up to now little or no evidence has been gathered to confirm a particular explanation. An analysis of the basin's data shows that the use of GIS and appropriate remotely sensed data can greatly enhance the information currently available to hydrologists and hydrogeologists. The use of GIS and remote sensing to map groundwater recharge and discharge areas constitutes, in this kind of environment, a novel application. In the centre of the Lake Chad Basin, this approach has highlighted our knowledge of recharge and discharge processes, and it has enabled mapping major recharge and discharge areas. Among the outcomes, this approach has compiled, for the first time, evidence that the piezometric depressions correspond to very low infiltration areas. The fact that the rainfall recharge is considerably limited leads us to believe that evapotranspiration processes dominate the vertical exchanges, and that the piezometric depressions correspond to discharge areas. In the dunefields, a multitude of small discharge areas are revealed by vegetation indices, which show that the vegetation remains very active during the dry season. Such areas correspond to active oases, and were mapped in the Manga and at the border of the Harr and Kanem regions. Surprisingly, there are neither active oases, nor any tree layers, over the piezometric domes. One can deduce that the transpiration processes are lower than in the rest of the dunefield, and thus that the net recharge of the aquifer might be higher. Overall, throughout the Quaternary aquifer, surface characteristics (topography, soil permeability and vegetation) appear to have a strong influence on recharge and discharge processes. A groundwater model of the whole of the Quaternary aquifer was developed to explore novel applications of GIS and remote sensing in groundwater modelling. The model has allowed new knowledge of the aquifer system to be gained and has offered a first quantification of the groundwater reserves. The model's calibration in steady-state was first conducted independently of applications of CIS and remote sensing to map groundwater recharge and discharge areas. Outcomes clearly back up the information revealed with GIS and remote sensing. It was then possible to use remote sensing and GIS to improve the calibration of the model with a finer definition of recharge and discharge areas. The steady-state model has given information on the value and the distribution of long-term regional recharge and discharge. Rainfall recharge takes place in the dunefields, but appears to be small (less than 1 mm/yr in the Manga and less than 5 mm/yr in the centre of the Harr and Kanem). The model shows the necessity of representing the piezometric depressions as discharge areas. A good representation is obtained for a discharge rate below 3 mm/yr. The contribution from Lake Chad is very different from previous estimations and is thought to be less than 100E+06 mVyr (Carmouze, 1983; Isiorho, 1996; Roche, 1980). The model was then extended to a transient simulation from 1960 to 2000. Satellite archived data and GIS have allowed a comprehensive reconstruction of the fluctuations of the extent of Lake Chad. These data were implemented into the groundwater model in order to assess the impact of this major environmental change on the aquifer. This novel application, which makes an intensive use of remote sensing and GIS in the model, demonstrates the value of archive satellite data for long-term groundwater modelling. The model shows that the impact of the shrinkage of Lake Chad on the aquifer is limited in space to the Lake's region. It also reveals that the aquifer's reserves are threatened by the increase of the population in densely populated areas (Maiduguri, N'Djamena and "zone de concentration"). The drop of the water table in the dunefields could be related to a decrease of the rainfall recharge by more than 50%. Overall, the water budget of the aquifer is characterised by the endorheism of the system, with most of the outflows assured internally. Also, with regard to water resources management, the Quaternary aquifer offers a paradox: it is characterised by vast reserves, but a small renewable resource (recharge). It is, to the best of our knowledge, the first time that a large superficial aquifer of the Sahel has been modelled so thoroughly and understood as a whole. This study clearly illustrates the value of GIS and remotely sensed data in the hydrogeology of semi-arid areas. Successful applications of the Lake Chad Basin leads us to believe that in other semi-arid regions of the world, remote sensing and GIS could bring valuable assistance to hydrologists and hydrogeologists.

Thesis ( Ph.D.) -- McMaster University, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 230-242). Also available via World Wide Web.

No description available.

This thesis evaluates current state of the administration processes used for reservation management of promoting events hold by Top Moravia Q, s.r.o. company. Based on the results of this evaluation and on theroetical basis there will be an appropriate information system proposed for events automatization. Specific requests given by Top Moravia Q, s.r.o. company will be also respected in the design.

В настоящее время активно развиваются средства автоматизированного проектирования (САПР), что не может не сказываться на эффективности и разнообразии реализации строительных процессов. Среди широкой гаммы представленных вариаций САПР особое место сейчас занимает продвижение интеллектуального, а точнее информационного проектирования. BIM (с английского Building Information Modeling), а именно информационное моделирование зданий обладает рядом неоспоримых преимуществ по сравнению с устоявшейся системой CAD (с английского Computer-Аided Design). Также BIM-технологии обладают внушительной функциональностью, так как их применение целесообразно не только на стадии проектирования, но и на стадиях строительства и эксплуатации зданий и сооружений. Цель научно-исследовательской работы заключается в разработке программного модуля (плагина) для программного обеспечения Revit 2019, плагин автоматизирует один из процессов строительного проектирования, а именно процесс отделки помещений. Реализовать автоматизацию можно только на основе информации из BIM-модели. / Currently, computer-aided design (CAD) tools are actively developing, which cannot but affect the efficiency and variety of implementation of construction processes. Among the wide range of CAD variations presented, a special place is now occupied by the promotion of intelligent, or rather informational design. BIM (from English Building Information Modeling), namely building information modeling, has a number of undeniable advantages over the established CAD system (from English Computer-Aided Design). Also, BIM technologies have impressive functionality, since their use is advisable not only at the design stage, but also at the stages of construction and operation of buildings and structures. The purpose of the research work is to develop a software module (plug-in) for the Revit 2019 software, the plug-in automates one of the building design processes, namely the interior decoration process. Automation can only be implemented based on information from the BIM model.

Submitted by Andre Luis de Castro (ancastro@gmail.com) on 2017-08-05T12:57:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE - O FANTASMA NA MAQUINA - ANDRE CASTRO - Versao Final - 2017.pdf: 2023758 bytes, checksum: f1d27c99ae1d44a54e033be627f867ba (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Tereza Fernandes Conselmo (maria.conselmo@fgv.br) on 2017-08-07T16:59:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE - O FANTASMA NA MAQUINA - ANDRE CASTRO - Versao Final - 2017.pdf: 2023758 bytes, checksum: f1d27c99ae1d44a54e033be627f867ba (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-07T17:23:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE - O FANTASMA NA MAQUINA - ANDRE CASTRO - Versao Final - 2017.pdf: 2023758 bytes, checksum: f1d27c99ae1d44a54e033be627f867ba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-11 / The increasing complexity of the State, in particular the use of new information and communication technologies have led to the emergence of new types of bureaucracies such as system-level bureaucracy and screen-level bureaucracy. The first is composed of specialists who develop information systems for public policies, while the screen-level bureaucracy is formed by middle-level and street bureaucrats who act at the end of the provision of public services, depending on the systems to perform the work. The present work has as object of study the analysis of the relations between these bureaucracies in the implementation of public policies, with emphasis on the coordination problem. In this inter bureaucratic relationship, communities of practice, discretion and expertise are important analytical elements, since they allow the creation of strategies of action by the actors and the coordination of the policy. The theoretical references on bureaucracy and implementation of public policies were constructed not only in classical texts such as Weber (2007), Wildavsky and Pressman (1973) and Lipsky (1980) that discuss the relations between bureaucracies in the implementation of But also in the more recent work by Guy Peters (1998) and Bovens and Zouridis (2002) on the coordination and role of ICTs in policies. From a methodological point of view, it is a case study comparing two public policies that differ in the way in which the relations between system level bureaucracy and screen level bureaucracy occur. In the two informal, mutually dependent, close and complementary, informal learning networks allow actors to create and use action strategies that contribute to coordination. The distinction between policies has occurred in the identification of greater coordination problems in education policy. The explanation first relates to the substantive difference of the tax collection policy, which is of greater importance to the government and has a greater maturity in the development of information systems than other secretariats, which provides greater expertise and more collaborative relationships. Empirical evidences related to the organizational characteristics of the secretariats contribute to explain this distinction, such as: the greater turnover of the bureaucrats of the Department of Education (SEED); The separate physical location of the education systems and teams development team, different from what occurs at the Treasury Department (SEFA). / A complexidade crescente do Estado, em particular, o uso de novas tecnologias de informação e comunicação, tem gerado novos tipos de burocracias, como a system-level bureaucracy (SYB) e a screen-level bureaucracy (SCB). A primeira é composta por especialistas que desenvolvem sistemas de informação para as políticas públicas, enquanto a SCB é formada por burocratas de nível médio e de rua que atuam na ponta da prestação de serviços públicos, dependendo dos sistemas para realizar seu trabalho. O presente trabalho tem como objeto de estudo a análise das relações entre essas burocracias na implementação de políticas públicas, com destaque para a problemática da coordenação. As referências teóricas sobre burocracia e implementação de políticas públicas foram construídas a partir de Weber (2007), Wildavsky e Pressman (1973) e Lipsky (1980) que discutem as relações entre burocracias na implementação de políticas públicas, e também se baseou em trabalhos mais recentes de Guy Peters (1998) e Bovens e Zouridis (2002), concernentes à coordenação e ao papel das TICs nas políticas. Do ponto de vista metodológico, trata-se de um de caso comparado entre duas políticas públicas: a de arrecadação fiscal e de educação básica do estado do Paraná enfocando os processos de desenvolvimento de sistemas de informação com a participação da CELEPAR (Companhia de Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação do estado do Paraná). Tais políticas se diferenciam pela forma como ocorrem as relações entre a SYB e a SCB. Nas duas políticas, redes informais de aprendizado, mutuamente dependentes, próximas e complementares, permitem aos atores a criação e utilização de estratégias de ação que contribuem com a coordenação. A distinção entre as políticas se deu na identificação de maiores problemas de coordenação na política de educação. A explicação relaciona-se primeiro, à diferença substantiva da política de arrecadação fiscal, que possui maior importância para o governo e maturidade maior no desenvolvimento de sistemas de informação se comparado a outras secretarias, que confere maior expertise e relações mais colaborativas. Características organizacionais das secretarias contribuem para explicar as implicações dessa distinção, como a rotatividade maior dos burocratas da Secretaria de Educação (SEED); a localização física separada da equipe de desenvolvimento de sistemas e equipes da educação, diferente do que ocorre na Secretaria da Fazenda (SEFA).