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The demand of blood products in the US is expected to rise over the years. Adolescents represent a potential population of eligible donors and it is fundamental to better understand what influences blood donation among this category of population. Such investigation has not been conducted in the Appalachian region. To elucidate the question, a voluntary and anonymous questionnaire was administered to high school students from five counties of South Central Appalachia. A sample of 568 adolescents were asked to provide demographic characteristics, blood donation status and to rate various motivating factors. The association between blood donation and motivating factors were analyzed using logistic regression. Caucasians were the most represented ethnicity in the study population with 94.52%. From the total respondents, 37.85% reported being blood donors with an average age of 17.29 years. Among the donors, 51.66% were females and 55.45% came from low socio-economic class families. Emergency involving someone they care about and personal story of someone whose life was saved by blood donation were the top rated motivating factors by the donors with respective frequencies of 76.74% and 72.09%. Adjusting for the gender, age and socio-economic status, donating blood with friends increased the likelihood of blood donation by 53.2% (95% confidence interval: 1.01 – 2.31). These finding suggest that strategies focused on promoting group donation such as during school events may increase the rate of blood donation.

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This study is an examination of the giving decision-making process, as well as the factors, characteristics, and motivators of major donors to music programs in higher education. The college and the conservatory of music selected for this study are part of large, public, doctoral, research universities in metropolitan areas with at least three major arts organizations. The primary sources for the data were interviews with donors who have made major gifts to the selected colleges of music. Review of the donors' giving patterns, and an interview with the Director of Development at each institution were also used to gain a better understanding of the giving decisions of major donors. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that have motivated the gifts made by major donors. Higher education has a direct impact on the economic growth of society (Bowen, 1996; Clotfelter et al., 1991; Curti & Nash, 1965; Elliott, 2006; Gaudiani, 2003; Leslie & Slaughter, 1992; Smith & Drabenstott, 1992; Van Til, 1990). In the same way, philanthropy has played an important role in the development of higher education (Bremmer, 1996; Curti & Nash, 1965; Sears, 1990). Music and arts are also considered an essential part of societal development (Christ-Janer & Wickiser, 1968; Knieter, 1976; Myers, 2006; Rankin, 1982). Based on Christ-Janer & Wickiser (1968) and Rankin (1982), I anticipated that a great appreciation for music and a strong relationship to the academic institution's donor's support were two of the main motivators that have contributed to the giving decisions of major donors to music programs in higher education. I expected to find a level of relational affinity as defined by King (2005) who states that the donor-institution relationship is based on undergraduate experiences in the case of alumni, or interpersonal relationships with the leadership of a university for non-alumni. I also expected major donors to be drawn to give to colleges and schools of music because of their mission and the impact these schools have on the community. Different than all most of my expectations and findings in the existing literature on major donors, the results of this study show a different decision-making process for major donors to music higher education. The benefit of this study is to have a better understanding of major donors' behavior toward the arts and their motivation to give to music programs in higher education. The resulting knowledge provides additional insight for development officers at colleges of music as they work with their major donor cultivation, solicitation and stewardship. / Educational Administration

Yes / South-South Cooperation SSC) has returned as a significant trope in the contemporary rhetoric of the aid industry. We compare the way that the idea of SSC is being currently constructed. In the 1960s and 1970s, SSC was discussed as constituting a challenge to the ideological dominance of the global north, presented initially as a counter-hegemonic challenge to neo-colonialism. Currently it is framed similarly as a challenge to neoliberalism. However, the current iteration of SSC differs fundamentally from the first round in the early 1970s, largely because of differences in assumptions about who is co-operating with whom and to what end, in the context of SSC. These differences are significant for the material practice of SSC and the ideological function of SSC rhetoric.

No / Thirteen chapters examine contemporary political and economic problems in Africa, analyzing causes and suggesting alternatives. Presented by editors from the U. of Central Lancashire (UK), the articles reject much of the self-serving explanations proffered by Western corporate elites and African autocrats for African problems, locating the root causes in lack of democracy at both national and international levels. Specific topics include international donors and civil society in Zimbabwe by Donna Pankhurst, implications for African export policies of misconceptions about the "world market," French foreign policy towards Africa, imperialism and Sub-Saharan Africa, and multinational peacekeeping operations in Africa.

Over the past several decades, the numbers of international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs) that focus on tackling human rights issues have grown rapidly. These organizations operate internationally and work with governments, legislatures, social movement leaders, activists, donors, and individual citizens. As the number of operating INGOs has risen dramatically, researchers have simultaneously begun to investigate the possibility of creating a global civil society that would govern itself in order to maintain peace, create global solidarity and achieve human rights. This research investigates the role of nonprofit organizations in developing a global civil society by evaluating U.S.-based organizations that are tapping into an often-uninvolved subset of society—American donors. / Master of Public and International Affairs

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