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Transition Metal (TM) silicides are potential materials for different high temperature applications due to their high melting points and chemical stability at elevated temperatures. In the present work, the possible use of Gr (VIB) disilicides: MoSi2 and CrSi2 for high temperature structural application and thermopower generation respectively are investigated. Literature reports on MoSi2 indicate this material to have excellent mechanical and thermal behaviors at temperatures greater than 1273 K. The major problems limiting its use are the low temperature brittleness and oxidation at intermediate temperatures and form the scope of this work. Also, CrSi2 is reported to be a narrow band gap semiconductor. Its feasibility as a thermoelectric material for power generation is investigated. The first chapter briefly summarizes the literature on MoSi2 and CrSi2 relevant to structural and thermoelectric applications respectively. Based on the available literature, the scope of further work is discussed. The second chapter describes the methods of synthesis employed for these materials and the characterization techniques adopted. Some experimental setups like thermal conductivity and hot pressing unit that were fabricated as part of the work are described in detail. The thermal conductivity apparatus is based on the principle of parallel heat flow technique. It allows accurate measurement of K and S in the temperature range 300-700 K. The induction based hot-pressing unit allows compaction of polycrystalline powders to near theoretical densities thereby allowing quantitative evaluation of the physical properties. In the third chapter, an understanding of ductility/brittleness based of electron charge density distribution is attempted. The electron charge density in Tin and simple metals (BCC and FCC) is analyzed using Bader’s Atoms in Molecule (AIM) theory. Also the relevant surface and dislocation energies in these materials are calculated according to the Rice Model. It is found that the electron densities at the critical points correlate in a simple way with the relevant stacking fault and surface energetics. Based on these results, a ductility parameter (DM odel) based on electron charge distribution, to predict the effects of chemical substitutions on ductility/brittleness in materials is proposed. In the fourth chapter, possible elements to impart ductility in MoSi2 are identified based on the DM odel values. Calculations indicate, Nb, Ta, Al, Mg and Ga to be suitable candidates for improving ductility in MoSi2. Also oxidation studies based on present experiments and reported literature data reveal, Al to improve the intermediate temperature (773-873 K) oxidation behavior. Thus to simultaneously improve the low temperature ductility and oxidation resistance, Nb and Al were identified as suitable candidates. In the fifth chapter, the experimental data of Nb and Al co-substituted MoSi2 samples are reported. Oxidation studies carried out by thermogravimetry show improved oxidation resistance in Nb and Al co-substituted samples compared to pure MoSi2 in the temperature range of 773-873 K. Mechanical characterization was carried out for (Mo0.99Nb0.01)(Si0.96Al0.04)2 co-substituted composition. Compression testing at room temperature show plastic deformation at low strain rates (10−3 /sec). Indentation experiments show a reduction in the hardness and stiffness compared to pure MoSi2. There is also an increase in the fracture toughness (K1C ) value with the fracture modes being predominantly transgranular. The sixth chapter describes the structural, thermal and transport properties of CrSi2. Structural refinement was carried out by Rietveld method and the positional, thermal parameters and occupancy were fixed. Thermo-gravimetric analysis shows oxidation resistance in powdered samples upto 1000 K. Thermal expansion (α) studies reveal anisotropy in the α values with an unusual decrease in the average αV values between 500 and 600 K. Measurements of electrical resistivity and seebeck coefficient indicate a degenerate semiconducting behavior. Electronic band structure calculations indicate a narrow indirect band gap (EG) material with EG~0.35 eV. Thermal conductivity (K) measurements show a decrease in K value with increasing temperature. Calculation of the thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) show a maximum value of 0.18 at 800 K for the temperature range studied. Based on an analysis of the experimental and theoretical results, it is identified that further improvements in ZT of CrSi2 may be possible by reducing the lattice thermal conductivity and optimization of the carrier concentration. In chapter seven, the effect of particle size on ZT of CrSi2 is studied. Nano powders of CrSi2 were prepared by mechanical milling. Contamination is found to be a major problem during milling and the different milling parameters (milling speed, atmosphere, dispersant etc) were optimized to minimize contamination. The milled powders were further hot pressed to achieve high densities in a short duration thereby minimizing the grain growth. It is observed that the lattice thermal conductivity is reduced significantly with decreasing grain size. Measurements of ZT show a maximum value of 0.20 in the milled sample compared to 0.14 in arc melted CrSi2 at 600 K. In chapter eight the effect of chemical substitutions on ZT of CrSi2 is studied. Mn substitutions in Cr site were carried out to study the effect of atomic mass on lattice thermal conductivity (KP ). Al substitutions in Si site were carried out to tune the Fermi level. Results of Mn substitution show a large decrease in KP but also a reduction in the thermoelectric power factor (S2σ). The maximum ZT observed in the Mn substituted samples was 0.12 at 600 K. Al substitution results in an increase in the thermoelectric power factor and a subsequent increase in ZT. The maximum ZT observed was 0.27 at 700 K for 10% substitution of Al in Si site. The work reported in the thesis has been carried out by the candidate as a part of the Ph.D. training programme at Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India. He hopes that this work would constitute a worthwhile contribution towards (a) basic understanding of ductility/brittleness in materials and understanding the effects of chemical substitutions, (b) Suitability of chemically substituted MoSi2 to overcome the problems of low temperature brittleness and oxidation. (c) Development of CrSi2 as a high temperature thermoelectric material.

Nowadays, thin-walled load bearing structures can be realised using textile reinforced concrete (BRAMESHUBER and RILEM TC 201-TRC [1]). The required tensile strength is achieved by embedding several layers of textile. By means of the laminating technique the number of textile layers that can be included into the concrete could be increased. To further increase the first crack stress and the ductility as well as to optimize the crack development, fine grained concrete mixes with short fibres can be used. By a schematic stress-strain curve the demands on short fibres are defined. Within the scope of this study, short fibres made of glass, carbon, aramid and polyvinyl alcohol are investigated in terms of their ability to fit these requirements. On the basis of these results, the development of hybrid fibre mixes to achieve the best mechanical properties is described. Additionally, a conventional FRC with one fibre type is introduced. Finally, the fresh and hardened concrete properties as well as the influence of short fibres on the load bearing behaviour of textile reinforced concrete are discussed.

The demanding structural applications (e.g. aerospace, biomedical, etc.) require new materials with improved mechanical performance. The novel Ti-based dendrite + nano-/ultrafine-structured (Ti-based DNUS) composites exhibit an advantageous combination of high compressive strength (2000 – 2500 MPa) and large compressive ductility (10 – 30 %) already in the as-cast state [1,2] and, therefore, can be referred as high-performance materials. However, these Ti-based composites frequently exhibit very low or even lack of tensile ductility [3]. Therefore, the aim of this research work is to develop high strength Ti-based DNUS composites with pronounced tensile plasticity and to correlate the mechanical properties with their microstructure. In order to reach the goal, the high-strength Ti66Nb13Cu8Ni6.8Al6.2 (at.%) alloy exhibiting large compressive ductility [4] was selected for the modification. The microstructure of Ti66Nb13Cu8Ni6.8Al6.2 is composed of two metallographic constituents including β-Ti dendrites and an interdendritic component. The β-Ti dendrites are enriched in Nb and, therefore, Nb is referred as “dendritic element” whereas the interdendritic component is enriched in Ni and Cu and, therefore, these are referred as “interdendritic elements”. To perform a systematic study of the “interdendritic elements” (Ni, Cu and Co) effect on microstructure, a number of alloys with different concentration and types of alloying elements (Ti-Nb-Cu-Ni-Al, Ti-Nb-Co-Ni-Al, Ti-Nb-Cu-Co-Al and Ti-Nb-Ni(Co)-Al) were developed. It was shown that a higher concentration of the “interdendritic elements” in a composition within one alloy system corresponds to a higher volume fraction of the interdendritic component. Additionally, the crystal structure of the interdendritic phases is affected by type of the “interdendritic elements”. Since the most advanced applications (e.g. aerospace) require materials with high specific strengths, the new ductile Ti-Nb-Cu-Ni-Al alloys were modified to reduce their density, i.e. the Nb was substituted by lighter V. As a result, a new family of Ti-V-Cu-Ni-Al alloys with improved specific strength compared to the Ti-Nb-Cu-Ni-Al alloys was developed. Additionally, moduli of resilience of the Ti-V-Ni-Cu-Al alloys are superior when compared with those of the commercial Ti-based spring materials. The effect of microstructure on deformation of the newly developed alloys was studied through the in-situ microstructural analysis of samples at different strained states by means of scanning electron microscopy. To reveal the effect of the metallographic constituents on strength, the microhardness mapping of the new alloys was performed. Using the obtained empirical principles of microstructure adjustment, a new Ti68.8Nb13.6Co6Cu5.1Al6.5 (at.%) alloy with a large static toughness (superior to those of the recently developed Ti-based metallic glass composites) was developed. This large static toughness is due to both high strength and significant tensile plasticity. To study the effect of microstructure on tensile plasticity of Ti68.8Nb13.6Co6Cu5.1Al6.5 the in-situ microstructural analysis of samples at different strained states in the scanning electron microscope as well as the transmission electron microscopy studies were performed. / Der erhöhte Anspruch an strukturelle Anwendungen (z.B. Luftfahrt, Biomedizin, etc.) verlangt neue Werkstoffe mit verbesserten mechanischen Leistungsfähigkeiten. Neuartige Ti-basierte dendritische nano-/ultrafeine Komposite (Ti-basierte DNUS Komposite) besitzen eine vorteilhafte Kombination von hoher Druckfestigkeit mit großer plastischer Verformbarkeit unter Druckbelastung bereits im Gusszustand [1,2] wodurch sie als hochleistungsfähige Werkstoffe angesehen werden. Jedoch besitzen diese Ti-basierte DNUS Komposite heufig eine stark verringerte oder gar keine Duktilität unter Zugbelastung [3]. Deswegen ist es das Ziel dieser Forschungsarbeit neue hochfeste Ti-basierte DNUS Komposite mit ausgeprägter Duktilität unter Zugbelastung zu entwickeln und die mechanischen Eingeschaften mit ihrer Mikrostruktur zu korrelieren. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen wurde die hochfeste Legierung Ti66Nb13Cu8Ni6.8Al6.2 (at.%) [4], die eine große plastische Verformbarkeit unter Druckbelastung aufweist, ausgewählt. Die Mikrostruktur von Ti66Nb13Cu8Ni6.8Al6.2 setzt sich aus zwei metallographischen Konstituenten, einschließlich β-Ti Dendriten und einer interdendritischen Komponente, zusammen. Die β-Ti Dendriten sind mit Nb angereichert, weswegen Nb als “dendritisches Element” bezeichnet wird, wohingegen die interdendritische Komponente mit Ni und Cu angereichert ist und deswegen diese als “interdendritische Elemente” bezeichnet werden. Um den Einfluss der “interdendritischen Elemente” (Ni, Cu and Co) auf die Mikrostruktur zu untersuchen wurden Legierungen mit verschiedenen Konzentrationen unterschiedlicher Legierungselemente (Ti-Nb-Cu-Ni-Al, Ti-Nb-Co-Ni-Al, Ti-Nb-Cu-Co-Al and Ti-Nb-Ni(Co)-Al) entwickelt. Es wurde gezeigt, dass eine höhere Konzentration “interdendritischer Elemente” in einer bestimmten Zusammensetzung einem höheren Volumanteil der interdendritischen Komponente entspricht. Zusätzlich wird die Kristallstruktur der interdendritischen Phase sehr stark durch die “interdendritischen Elemente” beeinflusst. Da die meisten hoch entwickelten Anwendungen (z.B. Luftfahrt) gesteigerte spezifische Festigkeiten erforden, wurden die neuen duktilen Ti-Nb-Cu-Ni-Al Legierungen modifiziert um ihre Dichte zu reduzieren, indem Nb durch das leichtere V ersetzt wurde. Als Ergebniss wurde eine neue Familie von Ti-V-Cu-Ni-Al Legierungen, mit im Vergleich zu Ti-Nb-Cu-Ni-Al Legierungen verbesserten spezifischen Festigkeiten, entwickelt. Zusäzlich ist die elastische Formänderungsenergiedichte der neu entwickelten Legierungen höher verglichen mit kommerziellen Ti-basierten Federmaterialien. Der Effekt der Mikrostruktur auf das Verformungsverhalten der Legierungen wurde mittels in-situ mikrostruktureller Analysen verschiedener Verformungszustände im Rasterelektronenmikroskop untersucht. Um ein Einfluss der metallographischen Konstituenten auf die Festigkeit zu bestimmen wurden Mikrohärtekarten erstellt. Unter Verwendung der erhalten empirischen Prinzipen zur Einstellung der Mikrostruktur wurde eine neue Legierung Ti68.8Nb13.6Co6Cu5.1Al6.5 (at.%) mit hoher statischer Zähigkeit (besser als die der kürzlich entwickelten Ti-basierten gläsernen metallischen Kompositlegierungen) entwickelt. Diese hohe statische Zähigkeit wird sowohl durch die hohe Festigkeit als auch durch die ausgeprägte Plastizität unter Zugbelastung verursacht. Um den Einfluss der Mikrostruktur auf die Plastizität unter Zug zu untersuchen wurde Transmissionelektronmikroskopie sowie in-situ mikrostrukturelle Analysen verschiedener Verformungszustände im Rasterelektronmikroskop durchgefühlt.

[pt] A análise de estruturas de sistemas secundários sujeitos a cargas sísmicas é um assunto em aberto e especial no projeto de instalações industriais. Dois pontos particulares atraem a atenção dos especialistas no esforço a caminho de um projeto mais realista, abrangente e econômico: a interação das propriedades dinâmicas entre os sistemas principal e secundário e a quantidade de dutilidade do sistema secundário que pode ou deveria ser considerada no projeto. Está muito evidente nesse estágio que a decisão do projetista tem de ser bem assessorada porque dependendo das circunstâncias os resultados finais podem mostrar muitas surpresas. O contexto das experiências nesse assunto, na PUC-Rio, inclui uma série de iniciativas. Entre elas, se pode dar especial menção às seguintes: o estudo e proposta de uma metodologia para desenvolver um espectro de resposta acoplada (Valverde, 1998); o desenvolvimento de um modelo de sistema secundário simplificado: com vários graus de liberdade, linearelástico, formado por elementos tubulares, conexões e suportes com molas (Castañaga, 1998); a introdução do efeito inelástico nos elementos tubulares e suportes do sistema secundário simplificado e definição de um fator de dutilidade global do sistema para relacionar, qualitativa e quantitativamente, o espectro de resposta acoplada do sistema secundário simplificado, sob comportamento elástico e inelástico (Sampaio, 2003). Agora, um outro avanço é incorporado, com o presente estudo, o da influência de cargas estáticas nos elementos devidas à pressão interna e variação de temperatura, nessas relações do espectro de resposta elástica e inelástica. Também é feita uma comparação dos espectros de resposta elástica e inelástica do sistema secundário acoplado e não acoplado. Espectros médios aproximados para a resposta inelástica acoplada do sistema secundário simplificado são também propostos. / [en] The analysis of secondary structure systems to seismic loads is a special and open subject in the design of industrial installations. Two particular points attract specialist attention and effort on the way of a more realist, comprehensive and economical design: the dynamical properties interaction between the secondary and principal systems and the amount of the secondary system ductility which can or should be considered in the design. It is very clear at this stage that the designer decision has to be well advised because depending on circumstances the final results may show very surprising. The context of experiences on this subject, at PUC-Rio, includes a series of initiatives. Among them, one may to give special mention to the following: the study and proposal of a methodology to develop a coupled floor response spectrum (Valverde, 1998); the development of a simplified secondary system model: multidegree, linear-elastic, tubular elements and connexions and spring supports (Castañaga, 1998); the introduction of inelastic action in the tubular elements and supports of the simplified secondary system and the definition of a system overall ductility factor to relate, qualitative and quantitatively, the simplified secondary system coupled response spectrum under elastic and inelastic behavior (Sampaio, 2003). Now, another advancement is enhanced with this study on the influence of element static loads due to internal pressure and temperature variation on these elastic and inelastic response spectrum relationships. Comparison also is made into coupled and uncoupled secondary system elastic and inelastic response spectra. Approximated medium response spectra for the inelastic coupled response of a simplified secondary system are also proposed.

Cette thèse s’intéresse à l’étude la corrosion des armatures du béton armé à la fois sur les conditions de son initiation et de sa propagation mais également sur ses conséquences à long terme sur le fonctionnement en service des ouvrages.Le démarrage d’une étude à long terme sur les conditions de l’initiation et de la propagation de la corrosion en ambiance saline est présenté et les premiers résultats confirment l’initiation précoce de la corrosion mais montrent que l’influence des fissures sur la propagation dépend des conditions de leur exposition et de l’enrobage.Une étude a été réalisée sur la carbonatation en présences de fissures et sur ses conséquences sur l’initiation et la propagation de la corrosion. Des échantillons annulaires de mortier renforcé par une armature HA ont été fissurés. Les résultats ont montrés que quelque soit l’ouverture des fissures mécaniques, il y a une carbonatation des lèvres de la fissure et de l’interface acier-béton. Après exposition à des cycles d’humidification séchage, la corrosion se développe tout le long de l’armature mais avec une épaisseur plus importante en sous-face de l’armature ou la qualité de l’interface est moins bonne. Les résultats montrent que les fissures de corrosion induites par le développement de la couche de rouille prennent naissance à partir des micro-fissures dues à l’endommagement mécanique. Ce résultat est cohérent avec le développement des fissures de corrosion observées dans la partie sur l’initiation et la propagation de la corrosion en ambiance saline.Une autre partie de la thèse est consacrée à l’étude des propriétés mécaniques résiduelles de poutres en béton armé corrodées par 26 à 28 années de conservation majoritairement sous charge de flexion en ambiance saline.On s’intéresse d’abord au comportement en traction simple des aciers corrodés. La corrosion induite par les chlorures conduit à des piqûres de géométries très diverses qui rendent difficile l’évaluation de la section résiduelle d’acier. Cependant, il apparait que la contrainte effective de plasticité est peu affectée, la contrainte ultime est légèrement augmentée significative d’un écrouissage plus important après corrosion et surtout l’élongation à rupture est drastiquement réduite par la présence des piqures de corrosion.L’effet de la corrosion des armatures sur le comportement en flexion est ensuite étudié. La corrosion se traduit par un changement du mode de rupture, de l’écrasement du béton comprimé après une phase de plastification des aciers à la rupture fragile et brutale des armatures tendues après corrosion. La diminution de la capacité portante est proportionnelle à la perte de section d’acier dans les sections les plus sollicitées. La perte de ductilité ou diminution de la flèche à rupture des poutres en béton armé est très importante et pourrait remettre ne cause la sécurité dans le fonctionnement des éléments corrodés.L’effet de la corrosion sur la résistance à l’effort tranchant est ensuite étudié. Pour ce faire des éléments courts (poutres épaisses) sont testés en flexion simple. Les résultats montrent que la corrosion peut conduire à des changements de fonctionnement mécanique mais que la résistance vis-à-vis de l’effort tranchant est globalement peu affectée par la corrosion des armatures longitudinales ou des cadres d’effort tranchant. La complexité des phénomènes mis en jeu sur des éléments courts et l’importance des bielles de béton comprimées dans les effets d’arc peuvent expliquer ces résultats. Par ailleurs, la capacité d’ancrage des armatures droites corrodées apparait très largement supérieure à celle attendue compte tenu de la présence des fissures de corrosion et des prévisions issues de la littérature. Le confinement dû à l’appui et le fait que la corrosion naturelle n’affecte pas tout le périmètre des barres d’armatures peuvent expliquer ces résultats surprenants / This thesis aims to study the reinforcement corrosion embedded in reinforced concrete structures on both initiation and propagation of corrosion and its long-term consequences on the service life of structures. Firstly, a long-term study on the conditions for the initiation and propagation of corrosion in saline environment is presented and the first results confirm the early initiation of corrosion, but shows that the influence of pre-cracks on the propagation of corrosion depends on their conditions of exposure and concrete cover thickness. A study was conducted in carbon dioxide condition with presence of cracks to examine its impact on the initiation and propagation of corrosion. The results showed that whatever the mechanical crack opening, the crack edge and the steel-concrete interface were carbonated. Carbonation of the steel-concrete interface is likely to be due to mechanical damage induced by loading and stress transfer from the steel to mortar when creating cracks. This damage is also caused by the presence of internal micro-cracks around the steel bar. Following exposure to wetting-drying cycles, corrosion develops throughout the reinforcement but with a greater thickness of rust layer on the underside of the reinforcement where the quality of the interface is weaker. The results showed that the corrosion cracking induced by the development of rust layer arises from internal micro-cracks due to mechanical damage. This result is consistent with the development of corrosion cracks observed previously in saline environment. Another part of the thesis is to study the residual mechanical properties of corroded reinforced concrete beams of 26-28 years exposed to a saline environment under bending load. The behavior of single tensile steel corroded extracted from these corroded beams is studied. It is very difficult to know the true stress of tensile steels corroded "naturally" in concrete contaminated by exposure to chlorides. Indeed, the corrosion induced by chlorides leads to create corrosion pits with various geometries that make it difficult to determine accurately the residual steel cross-section. However, it appears that the true yield stress is unaffected, the true ultimate stress is slightly increased by corrosion but the total elongation at failure is drastically reduced by the presence of pitting corrosion. The effect of reinforcement corrosion on flexural behavior is then studied. The corrosion resulted in a change in failure mode, from concrete crushing in compression after yielding of tensile steel to brittle failure of tension reinforcement. The decrease of the load bearing capacity is proportional to the loss of steel section in the mid-span section. The loss of ductility or decrease in deflection at failure of reinforced concrete beams is very important and could be the limiting factor for the service life of corroded RC structures. It appears that the change in ductility of corroded reinforced concrete beam is correlated with the change in ductility of the steel due to corrosion. The effect of corrosion on the shear behavior is then studied. To make this, the short-shear span beams (deep beams) were tested under three point bending until failure. The results showed that corrosion can lead to changes in mechanical behavior but load bearing capacity of deep beams is generally unaffected by corrosion of longitudinal reinforcement and stirrups. These results can be explained by a coupled behavior between arch action and beam action leading to change in load transfer mechanism and failure mode. In addition, the capacity of straight end anchorage of corroded reinforcement appears to be very much higher than expected despite the presence of corrosion cracks. Concrete confinement effect due to the end support reaction and the “natural” corrosion condition which do not lead to a homogeneous damage all around perimeter of re-bars may explain these surprising results

Cette thèse s’intéresse à l’efficacité des renforcements par matériaux composites à base de fibres carbone (CFRP : Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer) par la technique NSM (Near Surface Mounted ; réalisation d’engravures sur la surface du béton) pour requalifier les structures corrodées. Elle est composée d’une partie expérimentale et d’une partie modélisation par la méthode des Eléments Finis (EF). La technique NSM consiste à réaliser des engravures sur la surface du béton où sont insérés les joncs de carbone rendus adhérents par remplissage d’une résine époxy. Les éléments étudiés dans cette thèse sont des poutres en béton armé naturellement corrodées pendant 28 années d’exposition à un environnement salin. Dans cette thèse, nous nous intéressons aux modes de rupture et à la capacité portante à la fois : en flexion et à l’effort tranchant. Le degré de corrosion a été mesuré par la méthode de perte de masses locales après la fin des essais mécaniques sur les barres longitudinales ainsi que sur les cadres d’effort tranchant. La première partie présente les résultats expérimentaux obtenus sur une poutre corrodée et une poutre témoin réparée ou renforcée en flexion par un jonc de carbone de 6 mm de diamètre inséré dans la surface tendue par la technique NSM. Les essais ont pour objectif d’étudier la capacité portante, la flèche à la ruine, la rigidité en flexion et le mode de ruine des deux poutres afin de vérifier l’efficacité du renforcement ou de la réparation... La seconde partie présente les résultats expérimentaux obtenus sur des poutres courtes permettant de mettre en avant la résistance vis à vis de l’effort tranchant. A partir des poutres longues testées dans la première partie, deux poutres courtes corrodées et deux poutres courtes témoins sont extraites. Une poutre courte corrodée et une poutre témoin sont réparées ou renforcées en flexion et une poutre corrodée et une poutre témoin sont en plus réparées ou renforcées vis-à-vis à l’effort tranchant par des joncs de carbone de 6 mm de diamètre par la technique NSM. L’éventuel glissement des armatures longitudinales sur les appuis a été mesuré durant les essais de flexion 3 points. Les résultats expérimentaux montrent que la corrosion des armatures longitudinales et la corrosion des cadres d’effort tranchant n’affectent pas le mode de ruine et modifient très peu les capacités portantes. La réparation vis-à-vis de l’effort tranchant avec la technique NSM change le mode de ruine de la formation d’une fissure diagonale due au glissement des barres d’acier tendues, à la formation d’une large fissure de flexion à mi-travée suivie de l’écrasement du béton comprimé... La troisième partie s’intéresse à la modélisation par la méthode de modélisation par EF du comportement global en flexion. Une première approche 2D est élaborée avec le code FEMIX développé à l’Université de Minho par le professeur Barros. Cinq poutres sont modélisées : 3 corrodées dont une réparée par la technique NSM et 2 témoins dont une renforcée par la technique NSM. La modélisation par EF donne de bons résultats sauf dans le cas de la poutre corrodée réparée dont le mode de ruine est non conventionnel (séparation du béton d’enrobage)... La quatrième et dernière partie est consacrée à l’étude numérique des poutres courtes. Quatre poutres sont modélisées : 2 corrodées réparées dont une réparée vis-à-vis de l’effort tranchant et 2 témoins renforcées dont une renforcée vis-à-vis de l’effort tranchant. La modélisation par EF est faite en 3D en utilisant le code FEMIX. Les résultats numériques reproduisent correctement les aspects importants du comportement force-flèche ainsi que les modes de fissuration à la ruine pour les poutres réparées vis-à-vis de l’effort tranchant ou non. / The thesis is composed of an experimental and Finite Element Modeling (FEM) study, investigating the effectiveness of the (Near Surface Mounted CFRP rods technique (NSM)) on the corroded RC beams. In the NSM technique, the CFRP rods are placed inside pre-cut grooves and are bonded to the concrete with epoxy adhesive. The thesis studies the failure modes and the mechanical performance of the corroded RC beams due to steel corrosion and finally, the prediction of the mechanical behaviour of the repaired corroded RC beams using nonlinear models based on FE numerical modelling. The corroded RC beams studied here in this study were exposed to natural corrosion for more than 28 years. The first part includes experimental results which were obtained on two beams: (one corroded and one control beams, both are 3 metres long) repaired or strengthened in bending with one 6-mm-diameter NSM CFRP rod. The beams were tested in a three-point bending test up to failure. Overall stiffness was studied. Ultimate capacity, ductility and failure modes were also reviewed. Finally some comparisons were made between repaired and non-repaired beams in order to assess the effectiveness of the NSM technique... The second part discusses the experimental results of two short corroded beams, which were tested under three-point bending until failure, along with two short control beams of the same characteristics (age, length and cross-section). One RC corroded deep beam was repaired in bending and the other one was repaired in both bending and shear with NSM CFRP rods. After the beams had been tested up to failure, the main steel bars and the stirrups were extracted from the beams and the loss of mass was measured and plotted for both the longitudinal and transverse reinforcement. The slip of tensile reinforcement at the end of the beams was also measured during the tests. The effect of corrosion and the effect of repairing with CFRP NSM rods in bending and shear on the behaviour of deep beams are discussed. Experimental results showed that both corroded and control deep beams repaired only in bending failed due to shear failure mode(diagonal tension failure), while corroded and control beams repaired in both bending and shear failed due to concrete crushing. The test results also showed that the corrosion of both longitudinal and transversal reinforcement hardly modified the mechanical response of deep beams... The third part shows experimental results and numerical modelling results of 2D finite element model using the FEMIX computer code were obtained on five, 3-metre-long beams: three corroded RC beams and two control beams. Two beams, one corroded and one control were repaired or strengthened in bending with NSM CFRP rod and were then tested in three-point bending up to failure. The FE numerical modelling results from FEMIX were compatible with the experimental ones except for the repaired corroded beam, for which a three-dimensional model using the commercial software ABAQUS was required... Finally, the last part presents 3D numerical modelling results in terms of load-deflection curves, and failure modes for 4 short corroded beams: two corroded beams and two control beams, half of the beams were let repaired or strengthened in bending only with NSM CFRP rods while the others were repaired or strengthened in both bending and shear with NSM technique. Results showed that the FE model was able to capture the main aspects of the experimental load-deflection curves of the RC beams, moreover it has presented the experimental failure modes and FE numerical modelling crack patterns and both gave similar results for both shear-repaired and non-shear repaired beams, three dimensional crack patterns were produced for shear-repaired beams in order to investigate the splitting cracks occurred at the middle of the beams and near the support.