Version abrégée de Th. de doct. : Paris 4 : 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [457]-474) and index.

The thesis sets out to do two things. It seeks first of all to describe the revival of interest in the Caroline era which defines the nature of an "English Tradition" in the Eighteen Nineties. Secondly, in doing so it seeks to reappraise three significant poets of that era, Ernest Dowson, Lionel Johnson, and Francis Thompson, in terms of their participation in this revival. The first chapter, "Craving Viaticum", deals with the general background of the Eighteen Nineties period. It suggests that the Symbolist movement equates with the Decadent one in a more direct way than has often been allowed, and deals with the era's enthusiasm for nostalgia and past ages as part of its reaction against current society. It also explores the period's allegiance to hero-figures. The second chapter, "The French Connection: Pater's Part", deals with Walter Pater, and evaluates him in terms of his art and criticism, suggesting how these develop from a nostalgic desire to re-create past ages in the image of his present ideals. The more exaggerated claims made by critics of his work for the influence of French writers on him are questioned, and Pater's relation to the "English Tradition" is discussed. In the third chapter, "The French Connection: Other Approaches", the tendentiousness of those critics who attempt to define the entire Decadent era in Britain in terms of French influences is discussed and exposed. The fourth chapter, "New Births of Decadence: The English Tradition and the Seventeenth Century", deals with the relation of the literature of the period to the Caroline era in detail, and the fifth chapter, "Of Academic Interest", is concerned with analysing this relationship through discussion of both contemporary and present-day critics, adducing statistical evidence to prove a resurgence of interest in the writers of the Caroline era in the period 1880-1910. The sixth chapter, "By the Statue of King Charles: The Jacobite Revival" deals with the political and religious aspects of the Caroline revival, and charts the growth of neo-Jacobitism in the Eighteen Nineties and its relation to literary history. The seventh chapter, "Against Nature: Defining Decadence", suggests that the root of Decadent thinking is myth, and that the counterpart of Symbolism in the world of decadent nostalgia was the iconic religious and political culture of the court of King Charles I, a convenient archetype for Decadent myths of ritual, aristocracy, and martyrdom. This discussion closes the first part of the thesis. "Francis Thompson, Faithful Decadent: Catholics and Criticism" is Chapter Eight. It discusses Francis Thompson in relation to his critics, and the manner in which views of his work have been polarised between two main schools of criticism. Chapter Nine, "Faithful in my Fashion", suggests a resolution of this historically polarised critical discussion by assessing Thompson's poetry in close relationship with the work of the seventeenth-century sacred poets. The tenth chapter, "Waif of Romance: The Poetry of Ernest Christopher Dowson", assesses Dowson in relation to Herrick and the Cavalier lyrists, discussing also how he stands as a type in relation to his age. The eleventh chapter, "Lionel Johnson: One of Those Who Fall: His Life and Ideas", is concerned with the crisis in Johnson's thought over the natures of guilt and beauty, and how this is illustrated in his poetry. The twelfth and final chapter, "The Life and Work of Lionel Johnson: A Long Blast Upon the Horn: His Work and Themes", assesses Johnson's nostalgia for the Stuart era in terms of a resolution of his present poetic crisis through past values. His intellectual and intertextual relationships with Ben Jonson and Marvell are also discussed. The thesis closes with an assessment of Johnson's achievement based on his allegiance to the Caroline revival with which the argument throughout has been concerned.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2008. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

The ephemeral life of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood belies the importance of an organization that grows from and transcends its originally limited aesthetic principles and circumscribed credo. The founding of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood in 1848 really marks the beginning of a movement that metamorphizes into Aestheticism/Decadence. It is the purpose of this dissertation to demonstrate that, from its inception, Pre-Raphaelitism is the first English manifestation of Aestheticism/Decadence. Although the connection between Pre- Raphaelitism and the Aesthete/Decadent movement is proposed or mentioned by several writers, none has written a coherent justification for the viewing of Pre-Raphaelitism as the starting point for English Decadence This dissertation attempts to establish the primacy of Pre-Raphaelitism in the development of Aestheticism/Decadence.

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When literary movements do not grow out of specific groups who adopt a name fort heir endeavors, they have usually been named to refer to certain stylistic features. Such is the case with "Decadence," a rubric referring to specific poets in turn-of-thecentury France. Most extant work on the artists of decadent literature focuses on its stylistic elements and narrative tropes: their reaction against the image of artist/creator from Romanticism, to cast the artist as egotist; their plea for art's autonomy (as well as for art for art's sake and for the artist as society's outsider); and their idea that art must be sensationalist and melodramatic, bizarre, perverse, exotic, or artificial to make an impact. What is overlooked in traditional approaches to decadent literature is its own frequent claims to social critique, toward which Julia Kristeva points in the un-translated second half of her Revolution in Poetic Language (1974). Moreover, much decadent literature emerges at a historical moment in which a ruling class is under fire; the typical "decadent" work portrays the decline of a class, and the possible repercussions of that deconstruction for the individuals in it. To approach the literature of fin de siècle decadence as social critique, this project considers three novels taken as the three bibles of the decadent movement in French, Italian and English literatures: Huysmans' A rebours (1884), D'Annunzio's own recreation of A rebours, his own Il piacere (1889), and Oscar Wilde's The Picture of Dorian Gray (1891). I will argue that, in this era of emergent modernism, decadent literature tries to claim a more resistant and social critical position from within class structure than does modernism, and that decadent literature, despite its superficial affinities with the Romanticism to which modernism also refers, not only is a literature of the struggle of the individual against an uncaring social world, but also underscores the necessity of reconstructing the hero/narrator's ego, as his identity reflects a class position which must be altered if it is to remain viable. / text

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Orientador: Maria Betânia Amoroso / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T19:16:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paulini_MarceloMottPeccioli_D.pdf: 1046965 bytes, checksum: f6ca68e63fa8b30e5d0253d075478896 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: No final dos anos 60 e início dos 70, o cineasta italiano Luchino Visconti preparava-se para realizar o seu mais ambicioso projeto: a adaptação cinematográfica de À la Recherche Du Temps Perdu, de Marcel Proust. Escreveu, com sua parceira de muitos trabalhos, Suso Cecchi D'Amico, o roteiro; os intérpretes foram escolhidos, as locações definidas. Por motivos vários, o filme não foi rodado. Desde jovem Visconti fora um leitor atento e fiel de Proust. Tal conhecimento e intimidade com o universo do escritor francês deixou marcas profundas no imaginário do cineasta italiano. Um dos criadores do neorrealismo, na década de 40, orientado então por uma visão marxista, Visconti começa, notadamente a partir de O Leopardo (1963), a filmar sob uma nova perspectiva, centrada em temas ligados à decadência de uma classe - a aristocracia - representada por uma família ou uma personagem nos seus momentos de agonia. A crítica acusou-o de decadente, a que ele respondeu assumindo sua concepção de decadência, reafirmando-a e intensificando-a até seu último filme, O Inocente, em 1976. A influência proustiana, assimilada ao longo dos anos, ficou mais evidente a partir da adaptação do romance de Lampedusa. Deleuze afirmou que Visconti era o cineasta do Tempo, e propôs elementos convergentes entre sua obra e a Recherche de Proust. Um desses elementos responde pela constatação de que a revelação e a consciência do que as personagens poderiam e deveriam ter feito de suas vidas, para dar um sentido a elas, chega sempre tarde demais, quando não há mais tempo para recuperar o que ficou perdido. Importante também são as reflexões sobre o estilo tardio, formuladas e ilustradas por Edward Said. Um estilo fruto de desilusão, desencantamento e impossibilidade de reconciliação e harmonia com a vida, principalmente quando ela chega ao fim. Proust, Visconti, Lampedusa, Thomas Mann, entre inúmeros outros, compõem uma constelação cujo desenho e relações pretendi mostrar nesse trabalho / Abstract: In the late 1960's and early 1970's, Italian movie director Luchino Visconti was preparing to carry out his most ambitious project: the film adaptation of Marcel Proust's À la Recherche du Temps Perdu. He co-wrote the screenplay with longtime partner Suso Cecchi D'Amico; the actors were chosen, the locations defined. Visconti had been an attentive and loyal reader of Proust from an early age. Such knowledge and familiarity with the French author's universe had left a deep mark in the Italian filmmaker's imaginary. One of the creators of neo-realism in the 1940s, and guided by a Marxist view, Visconti begins, notably with The Leopard (1963), to film from a new perspective, centering on themes related to the decadence of a social class - the aristocracy - represented by a family or a character in their moments of agony. The critics called him decadent, to which he responded by assuming his conception of decadence, to be reaffirmed and intensified until his very last film, The Innocent (1976). The influence of Proust, assimilated throughout the years, became more evident as from his adaptation of Lampedusa's novel. Deleuze affirmed that Visconti was the director of Time, and pointed out converging elements between his films and Proust's Recherche. One of those elements corresponds to the realization that the revelation and the awareness of what the characters might or should have done with their lives, so as to give them meaning, always comes too late, when there is no time left to recover what has been lost. Central are also his reflections on late style, as formulated and illustrated by Edward Said - a style that stems from disillusionment, disenchantment and the impossibility of reconciliation and harmony with life, mainly when it comes to an end. Proust, Visconti, Lampedusa, Thomas Mann, among many others, form a constellation whose design and relations this work aims at demonstrating / Doutorado / Literatura e Outras Produções Culturais / Doutor em Teoria e História Literária

This Ph. D. thesis investigates the use of fantasy by British and Irish 'Decadent' authors and illustrators, including Oscar Wilde, Max Beerbohm, Aubrey Beardsley, 'Vernon Lee' (Violet Paget), Ernest Dowson, and Charles Ricketts. Furthermore, this study demonstrates why fantasy was an apposite form for literary Decadence, which is defined in this thesis as a supra-generic mode characterized by its anti-mimetic impulse, its view of language as autonomous and artificial, its frequent use of parody and pastiche, and its transgression of boundaries between art forms. Literary Decadence in the United Kingdom derives its view of autonomous language from Anglo-German Romantic philology and literature, consequently being distinguished from French Decadence by its resistance to realism and Naturalism, which assume language's power to signify the 'real world'. Understanding language to be inorganic, Decadent writers blithely countermand notions of linguistic fitness and employ devices such as catachresis, paradox, and tautology, which in turn emphasize the self-referentiality of Decadent texts. Fantasy furthers the Decadent argument about language because works of fantasy bear no specific relationship to 'reality'; they can express anything evocable within language, as J.R.R. Tolkien demonstrates with his example of "the green sun" (a phrase that can exist independent of the sun's actually being green). The thesis argues that fantasy's usefulness in underscoring arguments about linguistic autonomy explains its widespread presence in Decadent prose and visual art, especially in genres that had become associated with realism and Naturalism, such as the novel (Chapter 1), the short story (Chapter 3), drama (Chapter 4), and textual illustration (Chapter 2). The thesis also analyzes Decadents' use of a wholly non-realistic genre, the fairy tale (see Chapter 5), in order to delineate the consequences of their use of fantasy for the construction of character and gender within their texts.

Version abrégée de Th. de doct. : Paris 4 : 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [457]-474) and index.