När en ny produkt lanseras på marknaden uppkommer det med stor sannolikhet brister som intetidigare upptäckts. Syftet med denna studie är att skapa en arbetsmodell för hur medelstora företagska hantera kvalitetsavvikelser som uppkommer inom produktion. För att skapa en realistisk modellför hur dessa kvalitetsavvikelser skall hanteras, baseras detta examensarbete på en fallstudie utfördpå ett tillverkande företag vid namn AQ ParkoPrint AB som är beläget i Gävle. Följande forskningsfrågor har besvarats för att understödja det huvudsakliga syftet: • Vilka kvalitetsavvikelser kan uppkomma inom medelstora företag? • Hur kan dessa kvalitetsavvikelser hanteras samt om möjligt reduceras? Metoderna som använts i studien är intervjuer och observationer. Fem intervjuer och tvåobservationer utfördes på AQ ParkoPrint AB. Den arbetsmodell som skapats kallas förfemstegsmodellen och innebär att processen för att hantera kvalitetsavvikelser delats upp i fem steg:dokumentera, utred, illustrera, forma åtgärdsförslag och genomför. Femstegsmodellen är utformadför medelstora tillverkande företag och inriktad på att skapa ett arbetssätt för systematiskt arbetemed hantering samt om möjligt reducering av kvalitetsbrister. Dessa steg är flexibla på det viset attvarje företag utformar egna åtgärdshanteringar och använder femstegsmodellen som grundstruktur idet fullständiga kvalitetsarbetet.Med hjälp av den utvecklade femstegsmodellen kan medelstora företag hantera och reducera sinakvalitetsbrister. Arbetsmodellen i sig kräver inga kostsamma verktyg utan det som styr kostnadernaär omfattningen av det arbete som läggs på samtliga steg.I denna studie presenteras även frågeställningar som företag kan arbeta utifrån för att reducerakvalitetsbrister som kan härledas till underleverantörer. Fallstudien påvisar att de kvalitetsavvikelsersom uppkommer troligtvis kan härledas till underleverantörerna. / When a new product is launched, product defects in various processes and process steps willprobably appear that were not previously known or detected. The purpose of this study is to create aworking model for how middle-sized companies should manage to handle defects in quality thatwill appear in manufacturing productions. To be able to create a realistic model, this thesis will bebased on a case study of a manufacturing company by the name of AQ ParkoPrint AB, located in Gävle, Sweden. The following research questions are answered in order to support the main purpose: • What defects in quality occur most often in middle-sized manufacturing companies? • How can these defects in quality be managed, and if possible, be reduced? The methods used in this study are interviews and observations. Five interviews and twoobservations were performed on AQ ParkoPrint AB. The working model that was created wasnamed “Five-step-model” and involves the process of managing defects in quality divided into fivesteps: document, investigate, illustrate, propose action and implement. The “Five-step model” isdesigned for middle-sized manufacturing companies focused on creating a way to worksystematically with how to managing quality defects and how to reduce them if possible. The stepsin this model are flexible because every single company should be able to customize each step tosuit their company needs, and only use the “Five-step model” that is created in this study as thebasic structure of the quality work. The case study shows that the suppliers are the majorcontributors of causing quality defects. Middle-sized companies can use the developed five stepmodel to handle and reduce their quality defects. The “Five-step model” itself requires no expensivetools. It is the extent of the work in every specific step that determines the costs.This study also presents some question formulations that companies can use to reduce their qualitydefects that can be traced back to the subcontractors.

Metal-based additive manufacturing (AM) has emerged as a cutting-edge technology for fabricating complex geometries with high precision. However, the major challenges to the wider adoption of metal AM technologies are process uncertainty-induced quality issues. Consequently, there is an urgent need for fast and reliable certification techniques for AM components, which can be achieved by leveraging Artificial Intelligence (AI)-enabled modeling. Developing a robust AI-enabled model presents a significant challenge because of the costly and time-intensive nature of acquiring diverse and high volume of datasets. In this context, the data-sharing attributes of Manufacturing-as-a-Service (MaaS) platforms can facilitate the development of AI-enabled certification techniques in a collaborative manner. However, sharing process data poses critical concerns about protecting users’ intellectual property and privacy since it contains confidential product design information. To address these challenges, the overarching goal of this research is to investigate how process data and process physics can be leveraged to develop in-situ component certification techniques focusing on data privacy for metal AM systems. This dissertation aims to address the need for novel quality monitoring methodologies by utilizing diverse data sources derived from a range of printed samples. Specifically, the research effort focuses on 1) the use of in-situ thermal history data and ex-situ X-ray computed tomography data for real-time layer-wise anomaly detection method development by analyzing the morphological dynamics of melt pool images; 2) the development of a framework to evaluate the design information disclosure of various thermal history-based feature extraction methods for anomaly detection; and 3) the privacy-preserving and utility-aware adaptive AM data deidentification method development that takes thermal history data as input.

La notion de qualité des services et de l’organisation du travail dans les banques libanaises est placée depuis plusieurs années au cœur des préoccupations et de l’organisation du système bancaire. Cependant, dans leur démarche actuelle, elles sont confrontées à plusieurs risques et déceptions car les coûts de leurs démarches sont élevés. Pour faire développer la proactivité, un changement par un management innovant est alors nécessaire. À partir de recherche-intervention réalisée dans quatre succursales bancaires sur le territoire libanais, nous nous sommes intéressé à analyser les convergences et les spécificités de ces organisations afin de proposer un modèle de management commun qui servirait de base à la croissance et au développement de ces établissements tout en conciliant qualité et coûts. La recherche propose une méthodologie permettant de développer les pratiques professionnelles de ces organisations. Un modèle de management socio-économique est proposé pour pérenniser les démarches de changement, en utilisant des outils afin d’améliorer l’organisation du travail et la qualité des services dans ces organisations tout en réduisant les coûts. / The concept of services quality and work organization in the Lebanese banks is placed since several years in the banking system main concerns and its organization. However, in their current approach, they are facing many risks and disappointments because the high costs of their actions.To have a proactivity contribution, a change using an innovative management will be necessary. From the research-intervention in four Lebanese bank branches, we were interested to analyze these organizations similarities and specificities in order to develop a common management model as a basis for these establishments’ growth and development, balancing quality and costs. The research proposes a methodology to develop professional practices of these organizations.A socio-economic management model is proposed to sustain the efforts of change, using tools in order to improve work organization and services quality in these organizations while reducing costs.