Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-06-16T17:27:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Roberto Tavares de Laforet Padilha.pdf: 601583 bytes, checksum: cc2dd58ff1eb4143113dfc818ed9c270 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-16T17:27:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Roberto Tavares de Laforet Padilha.pdf: 601583 bytes, checksum: cc2dd58ff1eb4143113dfc818ed9c270 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-27 / Nenhuma / Diversos estudos têm pesquisado sobre estrutura de capital e os fatores determinantes que influenciam no nível de endividamento das empresas. Variáveis internas das empresas como tamanho, rentabilidade, tangibilidade, risco, crescimento, liquidez e market to book value, assim como fatores externos como PIB, taxa de juros, taxa de câmbio, renda per capita, inflação e carga fiscal, foram estudadas por diversos autores como possíveis fatores determinantes da estrutura de capital. Todavia, pouco esses estudos conseguiram resultar em consenso pelos autores. Durand (1952) e Modigliani e Miller (1958, 1963) foram os pioneiros nas pesquisas sobre estrutura de capital das empresas. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo é investigar sobre a estrutura de capital e seus determinantes de empresas de cinco países latino-americanos, sendo eles Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colômbia e México, assim como os analisar os impactos da crise Subprime de 2008 na forma como estas empresas captaram recursos, através de dívidas ou de capital próprio. Para isto, utiliza-se o modelo de regressão com dados em painel, onde foi incluído na equação dados de 231 empresas entre os anos de 2003 e 2013. No modelo estimou-se a equação utilizando estimativas com técnicas específicas de efeitos fixos e aleatórios para decisão do modelo de regressão, realizando testes de Hausman, Wald e do log verossimilhança para avaliar a consistência das variáveis incluídas no modelo. Os resultados encontrados neste estudo confirmam as relevâncias das variáveis tamanho, rentabilidade, tangibilidade, risco, liquidez, market to book value e impostos na determinação do grau de endividamento das empresas. / Several studies have investigated the capital structure and the determinants that influence the level of indebtedness of companies. Internal variables of companies such as size, profitability, leverage, risk, growth, liquidity and market to book, as well as external factors such as GDP, interest rate, exchange rate, per capita income, inflation and tax burden, have been studied by several authors as potential determinants of capital structure. These studies, however, have not resulted in consensus by the authors. Durand (1952) as well as Modigliani and Miller (1958, 1963) were pioneers doing research on companies' capital structure. The objective of this study is to investigate the capital structure and its determinants in companies located in five Latin American countries, namely Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Mexico, as well as analyze the impact of the 2008 Subprime crisis in the way these companies raised funds, through debt or equity. For this purpose, it is used the regression model with panel data, which included in the equation data of 231 companies between the years 2003 and 2013. In the model estimated the equation using the estimates with specific techniques of fixed and random effects regression model decision, performing Hausman, Wald and log likelihood tests to evaluate the consistency of the variables included in the model. The results of this study confirm the relevance of variable size, profitability, leverage, risk, liquidity, market to book value and taxes in determining the degree of indebtedness of companies.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-06-10T17:05:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Juciléia Giacomin_.pdf: 816829 bytes, checksum: 8701b49509878a0033d027e1a6c99133 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-10T17:05:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Juciléia Giacomin_.pdf: 816829 bytes, checksum: 8701b49509878a0033d027e1a6c99133 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-02 / Nenhuma / Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar as variáveis determinantes da divulgação voluntária de informações de caráter ambiental, de uma amostra de quarenta e sete companhias abertas listadas na BM&FBovespa e classificadas como de alto impacto ambiental, evidenciadas nos Relatórios de Sustentabilidade e Relatório da Administração, correspondentes ao exercício social de 2013. A pesquisa é aplicada quanto à sua natureza; quantitativa quanto à abordagem do problema; descritiva e explicativa quanto ao seu objetivo e documental quanto ao procedimento técnico utilizado. Na primeira parte da análise apresenta-se uma análise descritiva dos dados evidenciados pelas companhias, e na segunda parte, considerando os resultados de estudos precedentes e contribuições de especialistas, foram testadas onze variáveis consideradas como possíveis fatores determinantes desta divulgação, mediante a utilização de análise de regressão linear múltipla. O nível de divulgação voluntária ambiental foi mensurado por meio de uma métrica contendo oito categorias e trinta e oito subcategorias, sugerida em estudo realizado por Rover (2009). Os principais resultados obtidos no estudo indicam que a maioria das evidenciações foi de tipo declarativa e as categorias mais evidenciadas pelas companhias se referiam aos impactos dos produtos e processos e às políticas ambientais. Tamanho da companhia, certificação ambiental e controle acionário foram confirmados como variáveis determinantes do nível de divulgação voluntária ambiental das companhias da amostra. / This study aimed to analyse the determinants of voluntary disclosure of environmental character information, a sample of forty-seven public companies listed on the BM & FBovespa and classified as high environmental impact, evidenced in Sustainability Reports and Management Report corresponding to fiscal year 2013. The research is applied as to its nature; quantitatively and the approach to the problem; descriptive and explanatory as to their purpose and documentary about the technical procedure used. In the first part of the analysis it is presented a descriptive analysis of data disclosed by companies, and in the second part, considering the results of previous studies and contributions from experts, eleven variables were tested and considered as possible determinants of this disclosure, through the use of multiple linear regression analysis. The level of environmental voluntary disclosure was measured by a metric containing eight categories and thirty-eight subcategories, suggested in a study conducted by Rover (2009). The main results of the study indicate that most disclosures were of the declarative type and categories more evidenced by the companies referred to the impact of products and processes and environmental policies. Size of the company, environmental certification and controlling interest were confirmed as determinants of the environmental voluntary disclosure level of the sample companies.

The purpose of this thesis is to examine the hazard identification, risk assessment and related determining controls aspects of occupational health and safety topic, within the framework of a safety management system, for the construction industry. To achieve this purpose, a literature survey is carried out with specific emphasis on the standards, guidelines, codes of practices and other documents published by authorized institutions and national legislation related with the subject. The Marmaray Project, which is considered as one of the major transportation infrastructure projects in Turkey, is chosen as the case study area. In the Marmaray Project, the case study is carried out at &Uuml / sk&uuml / dar Underground Station Construction Site as an example for the cut and coverunderground station construction and at Yedikule Tunnel Construction Site for the tunnel construction and achieved results are assessed within the context of this thesis.

農地價格反應市場供需平衡的結果，亦可透過眾多影響農地價格的因素以觀察市場情形。歸納國內過去關於研究臺灣農地價格的文獻，較少探討法拍市場農地價格，而研究時間點大多位在民國89年農地市場開放前，且鮮少使用政策面的變數。因此本研究探討影響農地法拍價格的因素，並納入農業用地興建農舍最小基地面積限制作為研究變數，以觀察政策管制對於農地法拍價格的影響。進而將樣本分為都市型與農業型鄉鎮，比較影響農地價格各因素在不同型態鄉鎮間之差異。 本研究以法拍市場中民國89至99年間全臺灣已拍定之非都市農地作為研究樣本，透過線性迴歸模型，探討各因素對拍定價格的影響，以及檢視最小基地面積的政策因素對拍定價格影響。由迴歸結果可觀察到在法拍市場中，拍賣底價為迴歸式中較重要因素，而農地產值與農地經營環境對農地拍定價格並無影響，面積限制的政策變數產生了邊際價值，且都市型鄉鎮的邊際價值高於農業型鄉鎮，顯示購買農地欲興建農舍者可能對都市型鄉鎮農地有較高的需求，且都市型鄉鎮中的農地價格受非農用的影響較大。 基於上述，本研究研究結論有下列三點：一、農業生產條件並非農地價格主要影響因素。二、興建農舍最小基地面積限制對農地價格產生正向影響。三、都市型鄉鎮之農地價格受非農用的影響較大 / Farmland price in the market reflects the interaction of supply and demand. We can also observe the market situation through many factors which affect the farmland price. Review of past literature about farmland price in Taiwan suggests that there are few literature addressing the price of foreclosed farmland. Most of the researches were published before the farmland market opened in year 2000 and rarely took account of the policy variables. So this study will discuss the determining factors of farmland price in the foreclosed market, with special attention paid to farmland policy-related variables. The sample is further divided into two groups of urban and agricultural towns in order to compare the differences of the factors affecting farmland price between two groups of towns. In this study, we use the foreclosed farmland of non-urban area from 2000 to 2009 as research sample. Effects of potential price-affecting variables are examined using a linear regression model. The regression results indicate that the auction reserve price is the more important factor, and farming production value and management environment do not affect the price. Minimum lot size for farmhouse construction has a marginal value effect, and its magnitude is larger in urban towns. Additionally, the farmland prices in urban towns are greatly influenced by non-agricultural use. Three research findings are thus arrived based upon our empirical evidence: 1. Agricultural-related variables do not significantly affect farmland price. 2. The minimum lot size of farmhouse has raised the farmland price. 3. The farmland prices in urban towns are greatly influenced by non-agricultural use.

Magistro darbe tiriame ąžuolo žėlimą ir jį lemiančius veiksnius. Darbo objektas – Kėdainių miškų urėdijos, Pašušvio girininkijos ąžuolo žėlimo intensyvumas ir jį lemiantys veiksniai mišriuose ąžuolo - minkštųjų lapuočių medynuose. Darbo tikslas – Ištirti ąžuolo žėlimo intensyvumą ir jį lemiančius veiksnius mišriuose ąžuolo - minkštųjų lapuočių medynuose. Darbo metodai: Tyrimai susidėjo iš dviejų etapų: girininkijos taksoraščių analizės ir tyrimo natūroje. Girininkijos taksoraščių analizė: iš girininkijos taksoraščių buvo išrinkti visi brandūs medynai pasiekę žemutinę IV grupės miškams nustatytą kirtimo amžių ir turintys pomiškio sudėtyje bent 1 ąžuolo dalį. Po to surinkta informacija apie savaiminį ąžuolo žėlimą priklausomai nuo ąžuolo kiekio medyno sudėtyje, medyno amžiaus, skalsumo, atskirai nurodant bendrą pomiškio kiekį ir atskirai ąžuoliukų kiekį juose. Medyno amžius buvo grupuojamas: 40-60; 60-80; 80-100; 100-120; 120 ir > metų Medyno sudėtis buvo grupuojama: 1-2; 3-4; 5-6; 7-8; 8-10 ąžuolų Pomiškio kieks buvo grupuojamas: 0-0,9; 1,0-1,9; 2,0-2,9; 3,0-3,9; 4,0-4,9; 5,0 ir > tukst. / ha. Girininkijos miškotvarkos medžiagos analizės metu iš viso buvo išrinkti 1956 taksaciniai sklypai. Buvo rasti 28 taksaciniai sklypai kurių pomiškio sudėtyje yra savaiminio ąžuolo. Kameralinių darbų metu buvo nustatinėjami ryšiai tarp medynų sudėties, skalsumo ir augavietės sąlygų, ąžuoliukų pomiškio kiekio. Tyrimai natūroje: atlikdami tyrimus natūroje tyrėme ąžuoliukų skaičiaus... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Master paper researches the sprout of oak and the factors determining it. Object of the paper - an intensity of sprout of Pasusvis forestry oak at Kedainiai forests enterprise and the factors determining it at mixed arboretums of oaks- soft leafy trees. Goal of the paper - to survey an intensity of sprout of the oak and the factors determining it at mixed arboretums of oaks- soft leafy trees. Methods of work: The researches consist of two stages: the analysis of forestry valuation register and the research in reality. Analysis of forestry valuation register: all mature arboretums that have reached bottom age set for deforesting of 4th group forest and having at least 1 part of oak at their compositions were selected from the forestry valuation register. Then the information regarding self-sprout of the oak depending on quantity of oaks at the composition of arboretum, age of arboretum, abundance were collected by separately indicating general quantity of undergrowth and the number of oaks in it. The age of arboretum was grouped: 40-60; 60-80; 80-100; 100-120; 120 and > years The composition of arboretum was grouped: 1-2; 3-4; 5-6; 7-8; 8-10 oaks The quantity of undergrowth was grouped: 0-0,9; 1,0-1,9; 2,0-2,9; 3,0-3,9; 4,0-4,9; 5,0 and > thousand. / ha. During an analysis of forestry forest management material, 1956 forest valuation lots were selected. There were 28 forest valuation lots found, whose undergrowth composition contained spontaneous oak. During soil research... [to full text]

Naujoji švietimo vadyba grįsta keturiomis vadybos funkcijomis ir orientuota į sistemingą švietimo sistemos bei atskiros švietimo organizacijos tikslų siekimą. Tyrimo objektas - mokinių adaptacija pagrindinėje mokykloje bei sėkmingą mokymąsi sąlygojantys veiksniai. Darbo tikslas - ištirti mokinių adaptaciją pagrindinėje mokykloje bei nustatyti sėkmingą mokymąsi sąlygojančius veiksnius. Taikomi tyrimo metodai: literatūros analizė ir sintezė; interpretavimas; apibendrinimas; interviu; anketinė apklausa; statistiniai skaičiavimai. Tyrimo imtis. Kokybinis tyrimas (interviu) buvo vykdomas su penkiais iš aštuonių auklėtojų. Darbą sudaro: Darbą sudaro trys pagrindinės dalys: teorinė, metodologinė, analitinė. Teorinėje dalyje pateikiama adaptacijos proceso koncepcija, analizuojama mokinių adaptacijos mokykloje problema, pristatomi sėkmingą mokymąsi sąlygojantys veiksniai ir mokyklos kaip organizacijos specifiškumas ir valdymo ypatumai, atsižvelgiant į švietimo vadybos standartus. Metodologinėje darbo dalyje pristatoma tyrimo programa. Analitinėje darbo dalyje analizuojami kokybinio bei kiekybinio tyrimo duomenys, interpretuojami. / New education management is founded on four management functions and is orientated to the systematic education system‘s and separate organization‘s goals. Study object – the determining factors of the students‘ adaptation and successful learning in the secondary school. Aim of the work - to analyse students‘ adaptation in the secondary school and to identify the causing factors of successful learning. Study methods applied: the analysis and synthesis of the literature; interpretation, generalisation; interview, questionary, statistical calculations.The sample of the survey. The work contains three basic parts: academic, methodological, analytical. Academic part introduces a concept of adaptation process, the problem of students‘ adaptation is analysed, the factors causing successful learning are presented, as well as the specifics of the school as an organization and peculiarity of management in the context of education management standarts. In the methodological part the program of the survey is introduced. Data of a qualitative and quantitative survey is analysed and interpretated.

Sportinės veiklos motyvacijos tyrimų problema yra visuomet aktuali, kaip ir aktuali pati kūno kultūra visuomenės sveikatos politikos kontekste. Žmogaus evoliucijos pagrindas — mokymasis stebint kitų individų patirtį, papildant ją savąja. Todėl tėvų pavyzdys yra bendroji auklėjimo veiksmingumo sąlyga. Tai, jog moters požiūris į kūno kultūrą ir gebėjimai gali daryti įtaką ne tik vaiko vertybėms, bet ir būsimų kartų sveikatai, paskatino analizuoti moterų motyvaciją fiziniam aktyvumui lemiančius veiksnius ir jų raišką. Tyrimo objektas – moterų motyvaciją fiziniam aktyvumui lemiantys veiksniai. Tyrimo tikslas – ištirti moterų motyvaciją fiziniam aktyvumui lemiančių veiksnių raišką. Tyrimo metodologija. Holistinio sveikatos ugdymo, bei humanistinės psichologijos ir pedagogikos nuostatos, motyvacijos teorija, fenomenologijos teorija. Tyrimo metodai: literatūros analizė, interviu, anketinė apklausa, matematinė statistika. Tyrimo imtis ir organizavimas. Interviu - Dianos sporto klube sportuojančios moterys (N=10). Anketinė apklausa, naudojant sportavimo/fizinio aktyvumo motyvų aprašą (Markland, Ingledew, 1997) - sportuojančios, nebesportuojančios ir nesportuojančios Lietuvos moterys (N=340). Tyrimo metu iškelta hipotezė visiškai pasitvirtino. Nustatyta jausmo patiriamo sportuojant esminė reikšmė moterų motyvacijai fiziniam aktyvumui. 1. Kokybinio tyrimo išvados: 1.1 Pradedant sportuoti pagrindinis motyvas yra svorio kontrolė. 40 proc. respondenčių nenorėjo sportuoti, bet... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The sports activities motivation research topic is always urgent as is the body culture in the context of public health policy. Human evolution is based upon learning while observing other individuals’ experience and sharing with one’s own. So, parental example is the general nurturing efficiency precondition. The fact that woman’s attitude towards body culture and skills can influence both valuables of a child and health of entire future generations, stimulated to analyse the factors predetermining women’s motivation factors towards physical activity and their expression. Subject of research: the factors predetermining women’s motivation towards physical activity. Aim of the study: to analyse expression of the factors predetermining women’s motivation towards physical activity. Methodology of the study. Holistic health education and humanist psychology and pedagogy provisions, motivation theory, phenomenology theory. Methods of research: literature analysis, interview, questioning survey, mathematical statistics. Survey sample and organization. Interview: women fond of sports in Diana Sports Club (N=10). Questioning survey, using sports/physical activities motives description (Markland, Ingledew, 1997): Lithuanian women, engaged, no longer engaged and not engaged in sports (N=340). The hypothesis set was fully confirmed. Significance of the feeling experienced while sporting for women’s motivation for physical activities was established. 1. Qualitative research findings:... [to full text]

There are different ways in how to assess a value to a property and which assessment technique that is used differs due to circumstances in each country, leading to different views of what is the best and most effective way. At the moment Botswana is suffering from obsolete valuation rolls and is in the position where the system could benefit of a reform. The overall purpose with this study is to gain knowledge about how Botswana and Sweden differ in terms of property tax assessment. By clarifying the similarities and differences between how values are allocated and by determining the most value-influencing factors in Botswana, improvements of the system could be suggested. The research methods that were used to fulfil the study consisted of a review of relevant literature together with a case study performed in Gaborone. The case study contained semi-structured interviews with applicable staff and questionnaires responded by twelve valuers. The findings of this study show that there are similarities between the countries way of assessing properties since they both base their values on market value, use comparable sales method and assess both land and buildings. However, there are also differences in terms of the approach of assessment. The main difference is that Botswana applies an individual assessment method and Sweden mass appraisal. Other differences are the ones responsible for performing the assessment, and the structure of the assessment in terms of collecting data and the periods of assessment. Furthermore, the results from the questionnaires demonstrated that the most value-influencing factors for residential properties in Botswana are water, electricity and site amenities. The main conclusions drawn from this study is that Botswana could benefit from a movement towards mass appraisal and apply parts of the Swedish system. To make this possible to implement our recommendations are; to change the mindset of the stakeholders, increase awareness among property owners, base the valuation on a few important factors and computerize the cadastral register. A future research topic could be to investigate how a mass appraisal could be implemented as a step-by-step process. / Det finns olika sätt att bedöma ett värde på en fastighet och de bedömningstekniker som används varierar beroende på varje lands förutsättningar, vilket leder till olika uppfattningar om vad som är det bästa och mest effektiva sättet att värdera på. Botswana lider för närvarande av föråldrade taxeringsvärden och systemet skulle gynnas av en reform. Det huvudsakliga syftet med denna studie är att utveckla kunskap om hur fastighetstaxeringen i Botswana och Sverige skiljer sig åt. Genom att tydliggöra likheter och skillnader i hur fastigheterna i länderna tilldelas ett taxeringsvärde och genom att klarlägga de mest värdepåverkande faktorerna för fastigheterna i Botswana, kunde förbättringar av det botswanska systemet föreslås. För att genomföra studien utfördes en litteraturstudie baserad på relevant litteratur samt en fallstudie i Gaborone, som är huvudstaden i Botswana. Fallstudien innehöll dels semistrukturerade intervjuer med affärsmän inom området samt enkäter som besvarades av tolv värderingsmän. Resultaten av denna studie visar att den främsta likheten mellan länderna är att fastighetstaxeringsvärdet baseras på marknadsvärdet, detta är i sin tur baserat på ortsprismetoden och både mark och byggnader värderas. De skillnader som visade sig rörde tillvägagångssättet för bedömningen. Den största skillnaden är att Botswana tillämpar en individuell värdering och Sverige massvärdering. Andra skillnader som visade sig var bland annat vem det är som utför värderingen, hanteringen av insamlad data samt när värderingarna äger rum. Vidare visar resultaten från enkäterna att de mest värdepåverkande faktorerna för småhus i Botswana är vatten, el och tillgång till service. Slutsatsen av denna studie blev att Botswana skulle kunna gynnas av att implementera delar av det svenska fastighetstaxeringssystemet och i och med det gå mer mot massvärdering. För att kunna göra detta genomförbart är våra rekommendationer; att ändra tänkesätten hos de berörda parterna, öka medvetenheten bland fastighetsägare, basera värderingen på färre faktorer och datorisera fastighetsregistret. Ett framtida område för forskning skulle kunna vara att undersöka hur en massvärdering skulle kunna implementeras steg för steg.

The aim of this thesis is to define "the collateral value", and also to define the principles that must be observed when is the collateral value determined. All the principles for establishing the collateral value are applied to the valuation of concrete real estate in the Czech Republic. This thesis also seeks to highlight the potential risks that may affect the correct determination of collateral value.

This master thesis analyses an internal merge of two cooperatives. Theoretical findings gained from laws and regulations are applied to a real process of merge. The result is a proposition of opening balance sheet of the successor and evaluating changes in the financial position of the successive cooperative.