Abstract Competition is the leading role for traditional concept, telecommunication industry also take competition as the thinking aspect in early days. In the time of digit convergence, competition is not only found in local but in global and technology is not belonged to single company any more. The thinking of competition has not coped with the market in the future and should take the thinking of co-opetition for the strategy development. The technology of 3rd Generation mobile communication can bring telecommunication industry new opportunities by providing customers the multiple services with higher speed such as data transmission, mobile business and multimedia A/V. This research discusses the strategy management of the industry for mobile communication in the time of digit convergence by studies of competitive strategy, value-chain of industry, co-opetition theory and analysis of industry status. After summarizing the related documents, literatures and the result of interviewing the specialists in this field, we have some conclusions listed as below: 1.To have the synergy, the technology between mobile wideband and wireless wideband must operate complementarily. 2.To adapt the uncertainty of digit convergence, the service providers of mobile communication should develop co-opetition strategy. 3.Should actively take the predomination for the technology standard of the industry. 4.The thinking of building the network for mobile communication should focus on the total solution of long-term evolution for network equipments. 5.The strategy of differential service is the essential strategy for the tendency of integrating fixed mobile convergence.

This thesis focuses on reducing the delay of non-restoring division. Although the digit recurrence division is lower in complexity and occupies a smaller area than division by convergence, it has a drawback: slow division speed. To mitigate this problem, two modification ideas are proposed here for the non-restoring division, the fastest division algorithm of the digit recurrence division methods. For the first proposed approach, the delay of the multiplexer for selecting the quotient digit and determining the way to calculate the partial remainder can be reduced through inverting the order of its flowchart. Second, one adder and one inverter can be removed by using a new quotient digit converter. To prove these ideas are valid, the simulation results comparing the modified non-restoring division and the standard non-restoring division are provided. / text

The aim of this study was to develop a Digit Triplet Test (DTT) using NZ English. The DTT is a hearing screening tool that uses spoken numbers presented in background noise to estimate speech recognition thresholds (SRTn). The NZ DTT will be made available via telephone or the internet, and will provide each person who completes the screening test with information about whether they should seek a professional hearing assessment. Normal-hearing participants (22 listeners) with hearing thresholds ≤20 dB HL were tested to establish the intelligibility of the individual digits at various signal-to-noise ratios (-20; -17.5; -15.0; -12.5; -10.0; -7.5; and -5.0 dB). The mid-points of the resulting psychometric functions were then used to adjust the level of each digit to achieve the same intelligibility. A SRT of -10.40 ± 1.75 dB SNR for the broadband presentation was established for the separate ear triplet test with the average slope of 17.3%/dB ± 3.9 %/dB for the ten test lists generated. The binaural ear DTT results were compared to best ear threshold PTA and found to have a highly significant correlation (r = 0.816, p<0.001) and a significant correlation to the QuickSIN sentence-in-noise test (r = 0.668, p<0.001). The binaural triplet test was found to have a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 85%. The separate ear DTT results were compared to the best ear threshold pure tone audiometry and found to have a highly significant correlation (r = 0.809, p<0.001). The separate ear triplet test was found to have a sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 81% (1 – specificity = 0.187). The internet version of the DTT hearing screening test will provide New Zealanders with an easily accessible and objective test that will raise awareness about hearing and hopefully reduce the length of time people take before seeking advice about their hearing.

The problem of the present study was to investigate the effects of verbal praise and reproof on digit-symbol task performances of two groups of children.

This thesis describes the implementation of a speaker dependent connected-digit recognizer using continuous Hidden Markov Modeling (HMM). The speech recognition system was implemented using MATLAB and on the ADSP-2181, a digital signal processor manufactured by Analog Devices. Linear predictive coding (LPC) analysis was first performed on a speech signal to model the characteristics of the vocal tract filter. A 7 state continuous HMM with 4 mixture density components was used to model each digit. The Viterbi reestimation method was primarily used in the training phase to obtain the parameters of the HMM. Viterbi decoding was used for the recognition phase. The system was first implemented as an isolated word recognizer. Recognition rates exceeding 99% were obtained on both the MATLAB and the ADSP-2181 implementations. For continuous word recognition, several algorithms were implemented and compared. Using MATLAB, recognition rates exceeding 90% were obtained. In addition, the algorithms were implemented on the ADSP-2181 yielding recognition rates comparable to the MATLAB implementation. / Master of Science

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Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes are a class of easily decodable error-correcting codes. Published parallel LDPC decoders demonstrate high throughput and low energy-per-bit but require a lot of silicon area. Decoders based on digit-online arithmetic (processing several bits per fundamental operation) process messages in a digit-serial fashion, reducing the area requirements, and can process multiple frames in frame-interlaced fashion. Implementations on Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) are usually power- and area-hungry, but provide flexibility compared with application-specific integrated circuit implementations. With the penetration of mobile devices in the electronics industry the power considerations have become increasingly important. The power consumption of a digit-online decoder depends on various factors, like input log-likelihood ratio (LLR) bit precision, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and maximum number of iterations. The design is implemented on an Altera Stratix IV GX EP4SGX230 FPGA, which comes on an Altera DE4 Development and Education Board. In this work, both parallel and digit-online block LDPC decoder implementations on FPGAs for WiMAX 576-bit, rate-3/4 codes are studied, and power measurements from the DE4 board are reported. Various components of the system include a random-data generator, WiMAX Encoder, shift-out register, additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) generator, channel LLR buffer, WiMAX Decoder and bit-error rate (BER) Calculator. The random-data generator outputs pseudo-random bit patterns through an implemented linear-feedback shift register (LFSR). Digit-online decoders with input LLR precisions ranging from 6 to 13 bits and parallel decoders with input LLR precisions ranging from 3 to 6 bits are synthesized in a Stratix IV FPGA. The digit-online decoders can be clocked at higher frequency for higher LLR precisions. A digit-online decoder can be used to decode two frames simultaneously in frame-interlaced mode. For the 6-bit implementation of digit-online decoder in single-frame mode, the minimum throughput achieved is 740 Mb/s at low SNRs. For the case of 11-bit LLR digit-online decoder in frame-interlaced mode, the minimum throughput achieved is 1363 Mb/s. Detailed analysis such as effect of SNR and LLR precision on decoder power is presented. Also, the effect of changing LLR precision on max clock frequency and logic utilization on the parallel and the digit-online decoders is studied. Alongside, power per iteration for a 6-bit LLR input digit-online decoder is also reported.

No description available.

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-03-15T14:22:48Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Tese - Alberto Lopes_FINAL.pdf: 3638051 bytes, checksum: eaabca9285409b7fd175305c73677557 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T14:22:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Tese - Alberto Lopes_FINAL.pdf: 3638051 bytes, checksum: eaabca9285409b7fd175305c73677557 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-26 / Dentre os problemas e desafios que permeiam o processo de digitalização de documentos e todos os passos subsequentes até a transposição da informação para o meio digital, dois pontos específicos são focados: o texto partido ou degradado e texto escrito em tamanha proximidade que geram sobreposições dos traços. Assim, métodos para solucionar tais problemas, foram pesquisados e desenvolvidos. Baseamos nossa abordagem na emulação de forças físicas de inércia e centrípeta pois entendemos que estas podem ser bem utilizadas para o processamento de imagens de caracteres manuscritos. Para o problema de dígitos partidos, foi desenvolvida uma solução para a restauração de dígitos isolados quebrados e de cadeias de dígitos quebrados através da emulação das forças centrípeta e de inércia. Esta solução tem como princípio gerar uma reconstrução da quebra de modo que se assemelhe à escrita do dígito em questão. Também é abordado a sobreposição de pares de dígitos, problema para o qual foi proposta uma solução de segmentação. Esta solução de segmentação se baseia no conceito de uma bola deformável que tem seus movimentos regidos pela emulação da força de inércia e pela deformação que lhe é permitida receber. Ainda, para desenvolvimento e experimentação dos métodos, foram formadas bases de imagens pertinentes a cada aplicação. Os resultados obtidos mostram desempenhos promissores. Ao aplicar a reconstrução, obtivemos um ganho de aproximadamente seis pontos percentuais em taxa de reconhecimento em relação ao reconhecimento dos dígitos partidos. Já a segmentação provou que supera outros dois métodos de segmentação quando aplicamos o reconhecimento aos dígitos segmentados. Também deve-se ressaltar a questão do custo computacional, especificamente a solução voltada para a segmentação de dígitos sobrepostos, onde seu custo se apresenta mais baixo em relação aos métodos similares pesquisados e testados. Assim, mostramos que os métodos propostos atingem seus objetivos, aliando bons desempenhos com custos computacionais baixos. / Among the problems and challenges that surround the process of document digitization and all subsequent steps until the conversion of the information to a digital medium, two specific steps are focused: broken text and text written in such proximity that cause overlapping of strokes. Methods to solve these problems were researched and developed. We base our approach on the emulation of physical forces of inertia and centripetal force, since it is our understanding that the emulation of such forces can be used for the processing of images of handwritten characters and digits. For the problem of broken digits, a solution for the restoration of isolated broken digits and chains of broken digits through the emulations of inertia and centripetal force was developed. This solution has as principle to generate a reconstruction of the break in such a way that it resembles closely the writing style of the digit in question. We also tackle overlapping pairs of digits, problem for which we propose a segmentation solution. This segmentation is based on the concept of a deformable ball that has its movements governed by the emulation of inertia and the degree of deformation the ball is allowed to have. For development and experimentation of the created methods, image databases pertinent to each application were formed. The obtained results show promising performance. When applying the reconstruction, we obtained a gain of approximately six percentage points in recognition rates when compared to rates obtained for broken digits. In regards to segmentation, it proved to outperform two other methods when recognition is applied to the output segmented digits. The computational cost of the methods should also be pointed out, specifically regarding the solution created for the segmentation of overlapped digits, which is lower when compared to other similar methods that were researched and tested. Therefore, we show that the proposed methods reach their goals, coupling performance with low computational costs.

No description available.