Testování multikomponentních IT a IoT systémů, které zpracovávají proudy různých zpráv je složitou úlohou. Proč je to složité? Kvůli množství komponentů, jejích asynchronní interakcí, různým kombinacím události pro testování, testovacímu prostředí, které se liší od reálného a množství dalším důvodů. Táhle práce navrhuje způsob generování komplexních dat pro testovací účely s minimálním zásahem vývojářů. Generování dat založeno na analýze sledu komunikace reálného systému a následnou syntézou podobných sledů pro testování. Práce také navrhuje framework na prvotní analýzu zpráv přenášených v zachycené komunikace. Tohle může být uděláno použitím různých abstraktních modelů: modelu zprávy a modelu komunikaci. Výsledkem téhle práce je implementovaní knihovna na tvorbu modelu zprávy a množina operací pro práci s tímto modelem.

As a result of the digitalization of industrial processes, huge amounts of data are generated in organizations every second. Developing solutions that properly represent this data is critical for making it useful to the organization's stakeholders. Data visualization is a field within computer science that can be utilized to address this demand by enabling the development of appropriate methods for showing the data output of Digital Twins of the Organization (DTO). A recently proposed architecture for a resilient DTO using the EA Blueprint Pattern provides a promising basis for implementing DTOs that are capable of evolving alongside a dynamic organization. However, there is a lack of implementation of any prototypes of the proposed architecture's Information Architecture, which is responsible for dealing with data and visualizing them. Therefore, this thesis aims to develop a visualization prototype, aligned with the proposed architecture. The thesis achieves this goal by first establishing a theoretical basis in data visualization and applicable visualization techniques through a brief review of research articles. After a systematic selection process of visualization tools, the Python frameworks Plotly and Dash are chosen for designing and implementing a visualization prototype. The final design consists of a Python application containing various features and implementing multiple classes which make the prototype easily modifiable and thus able to evolve. In an industrial use case, the prototype is demonstrated to be fulfilling its requirements. Using the observations from the use case, it is finally concluded that the prototype is, in fact, sufficiently aligned with the proposed DTO architecture.

In the world of software development, there is an increasing demand for software to keep up with rapid changes in its real-world context. A Resilient Digital Twin of an Organization is a type of software whose purpose is to digitally represent an organization or a component of an organization - as a Digital Twin -, and to keep doing so accurately throughout the real-world organization’s changes - a Resilient Digital Twin. An architectural pattern, called the EA Blueprint Pattern, has recently been proposed as a pattern to use for developing Resilient Digital Twins that can change together with the changes in the organization. However, software architecture is not the only factor that enables continuous change and adaptability in software. For software development teams to be able to deliver software rapidly and reliably, the software development process itself must be adapted to allow for frequent and fast changes. From this need, the Agile methodology and subsequently the set of work practises called DevOps has emerged. DevOps leverages automation and fast feedback as tools to facilitate a shorter system development life cycle and continuous delivery. The usage of DevOps is becoming increasingly popular in the software development field. It stands to reason that there is a need to ensure that the EA Blueprint Pattern is appropriate even in a DevOps context, where different tools and routines may be used than in traditional development. To complete this project, a use case of the EA Blueprint Pattern has been moved from a traditionally developed and deployed setting to a DevOps setting that includes essential DevOps tools such as Infrastructure as Code, a cloud environment, and a CI/CD pipeline that enables automatic deployment and therefore a shorter system development life cycle. By doing this, it can be gauged how well the EA Blueprint Pattern is adapted to a modern software development process which utilises the advantages of DevOps.

In recent years, the traditional manufacturing industry is challenged worldwide with the astounding growth and advancement so-called Industry 4.0. One of the multiple objectives pursued by the industry with this technological revolution is to achieve a new enhanced standard of safety. In addition, a solution against inaccurate offline robot programming needs to be tackled. The combination of a Digital Shadow (DS) of the robot with visualisation in Mixed Reality (MR) can help to increase safety and eventually, even make the design process faster. In this survey paper, a visualisation system in MR that allows the user to overlay digital tools into a UR10e Physical Robot (PR), thus permitting the PR to interact with digital work objects is proposed. To achieve the synchronisation between the digital and real assets, a DS of the robot has been developed. The integration of the Digital Models (DMs) of tools and work objects allows the user to work with the robot without load, opening the possibility of recreating and testing in real-time experimental industrial processes.

Around the world, people are becoming more sedentary and less physically active. These behaviors are two examples of habits causing lifestyle diseases and premature death. The Health Dialogue (Hälsosamtal) is a method used in Sweden today, which attempts to prevent people from being diagnosed with lifestyle caused diseases. Today, the Health Dialogue does not offer an opportunity to perform follow-up of lifestyle goals created during the Health Dialogue, which is an important missing piece of the method. Follow-up regarding goals can benefit from being combined with digital twin technology, since this type of technology can potentially prevent negative habits by providing personalized predictions of bodily functions. In this thesis, a design prototype was created, combining the Health Dialogue with digital twin technology as an attempt to increase motivation towards a healthier lifestyle. Three hypotheses were proposed and evaluated through a user test containing the created design prototype. The results of the evaluation showed some support for the hypotheses for some participants, but overall, not enough to show support for motivation while using the prototype. However, the design and evaluation method can help in further development of an application that might contribute to motivation of a healthier lifestyle in the future.

The manufacturing industry is quickly adapting to new technologies. Some of these trending technologies are virtual commissioning, virtual reality, and cloud-based technologies. This project summarizes these three technologies and aims to create a commissioning tool adapted to the 4.0 Industry. The project’s methodology was to analyse a problem and consequently create a solution that solves it. The process of designing and developing was repeated iteratively, each time an evaluation was made. The final product developed has shown that it is worth spending time introducing the cloudbased technologies inside many applications since it saves time and allows to work remotely. Applying virtual reality to virtual commissioning has proven to add efficiency. At the same time, it gives an immersive experience with a real-time display of quantitative data and the process itself in a visual mode without interfering with the actual production. With these two technologies, virtual commissioning evolves and goes a step further. This project also proved that the user experience and interface in this type of immersive applications need much attention on creating a comfortableinterface that does not fatigue or cause rejection in the user.

Digital twins have become a large part of new cyber-physical systems as they allow for the simulation of a physical object in the digital world. In addition to the new approaches of digital twins, machines have become more intelligent, allowing them to produce more data than ever before. Within the area of digital twins, there is a need for a less complex approach than a fully optimised digital twin. This approach is more like a digital shadow of the physical object. Therefore, the focus of this thesis is to study machine states and statistical distributions for all sensors in a machine. Where as majority of studies in the literature focuses on generating data from a digital twin, this study focuses on what characteristics a digital twin have. The solution is by defining a term named digital machine template that contains the states and statistical properties of each sensor in a given machine. The primary approach is to create a proof of work application that uses traditional data mining technologies and clustering to analyze how many states there are in a machine and how the sensor data is structured. It all results in a digital machine template with all of the information mentioned above. The results contain all the states a machine might have and the possible statistical distributions of each senor in each state. The digital machine template opens the possibility of using it as a basis for creating a digital twins. It allows the time of development to be shorter than that of a regular digital twin. More research still needs to be done as the less complex approach may lead to missing information or information not being interpreted correctly. It still shows promises as a less complex way of looking at digital twins since it may become necessary due to digital twins becoming even more complex by the day.

Building Information Management and Digital Twin technology with help of Smart lights can optimizethe built environment impacting our health and well-being, by providing the right amount of light at theright time of day. Lighting simulation is challenging, due to the strict requirements to represent reality. Digitaltwin technology will provide a more dynamic two-way feed-back between the physical and the virtual environmentto optimize the lighting environment giving real-time sensor data. The main problem that currently occurswhile evaluating a lighting design made in photorealistic computer visualization is using the appropriate formof their model presentation. However, validation of light simulations has been done multiple times but not manystudies are based on DT-driven light environment evaluation in which not only the realistic representation butalso the exchange of information plays a crucial role. Therefore, the aim is to develop a strategy for demonstratingthe data exchange between a physical and real environment, for a scenario in which an optimal interactionbetween daylight and electric light derives an optimized realization of a given light demand curve. Basedon a quantitative experiment, validation of a Digital Twin was done between a virtual and a physical twin onan existing room using the light simulation tool DIALux evo. Data exchange was optimized for three levels ofgeometrical complexity. The light environment was optimized for interaction between the Digital and RealTwin. Counter to expectations, the results showed that the coarse model is more accurate representation of thephysical counterpart and generates faster data exchange. Defining DT usage purpose reduces time and effortdone on the process of creation. Knowing what data to exchange and how often avoid developers any limitationsor delaying in the process. Future studies can investigate how optimization of data exchange and light environmentcan be achieved with programming and parametric generative design.

<p>Developing resiliency in supply chains became vital in the recent years due to global diversification and vulnerability to risks. Firms need to identify, evaluate, and mitigate risks in supply chain to maintain continuity and create competitive advantage. Although the problem of supply chain disruptions has existed for a long time, less attention has been given by researchers in exploring the adoption of advanced technologies to build resilient supply chains. This study explored the potential of mitigating supply chain disruptions with the use of Industry 4.0 technologies such as Internet of Things (IoT) and Supply chain data analytics platform which develops digital twin environment for supply chains. </p> <p><br></p> <p>This research gathered expert’s opinion on the resilience capabilities developed in supply chain by digital twin adoption, stages and practices involved in digital twin assimilation through Delphi survey with subject matter experts and supply chain practitioners. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants to attain deep understanding on the resilience capabilities gained by digital twin and stages in digital twin adoption. Comparison of the results from Delphi survey and interviews was carried out to synthesize the results to yield a comprehensive understanding of resilience capabilities gained through digital twin and adoption stages of supply chain digital twin. This research has conducted interviews with 21 subject matter experts and completed three rounds of Delphi survey (with participants n = 15, 11, 11 in three rounds respectively) to develop a framework for digital twin adoption to enhance supply chain resilience. </p> <p><br></p> <p>This research determined that digital twin develops real-time monitoring and sensing capabilities, planning and decision support system, and automating decisions and action execution capabilities in supply chain. In addition, digital twin positively impacts resilience elements such as agility, supply chain reconfiguration, robustness, and collaboration in supply chain, which improves the supply chain performance. The results from this study were utilized to develop a framework for enabling supply chain resilience through digital twin. The framework included antecedents, consequences, and various moderators that impact digital twin adoption and diffusion in supply chains. Finally, this research developed a five-stage roadmap for adopting digital twin capabilities in supply chain. </p>

Inspiration The project explores the possibility of using the car as a social communication space, providing an opportunity for users to make more new friends during their daily commute. With the popularization of mobile media, nowadays people are more and more like to communicate with people on social platforms, and virtual network social needs have been deeply rooted in people’s daily life, so how to use technology to help people walk out from this small screen is the initial motivation of the project.Everyone stays inside their vehicle and even if they are close, they rarely have the opportunity to communicate with people next to them. The car looks like a closed moving box where everyone hides inside. The project takes this as a starting point to consider how to break this status and provide users with an opportunity to express themselves and find friends on the daily commute. Therefore, the author believes that the car, as a personal mobile space, can also be turned into a social platform with the help of technology. Process During the design process, the author divides the whole project into two parts for thinking. On the one hand, the author has been thinking about how to provide a more interesting way of socializing in a limited space like a car, just like using social software, users can pay attention to the interesting people passing by and have the opportunity to have face-to-face communication. On the other hand, in the whole process, users can use a more abstract Avatar to show their characteristics or hobbies, as well as protect their privacy. The author combines these two core issues, and after the process of research, ideation, and sketch, the entire interior frame is determined on the 3D software, after which the final design is obtained. Result The final result is the ZEEKR 00+, a small two-seater electric car, which encourages users to actively express themselves on a daily car journey and make more friends in the real world. The core circular rotating structure of the cockpit can achieve the discovery, communication, and interaction process between users. With this as the core, the author also designed a series of related visual images, creating a new concept of the car as a personalized and social communication space in the future.1