This study investigated whether known economic and international business theories available in the literature are meaningful enough to explain the nature, existence and role of multinational companies (MNCs) in the Middle East, particularly Saudi Arabia. Two sets of questionnaires were distributed in major cities of Saudi Arabia - one set for 100 multinational managers and another for 280 multinational customers. 234 questionnaires were collected - 45 from multinational managers and 189 from customers. This represents a total response rate of 62 percent, which is adequate for this study. The empirical results, supported with comprehensive secondary data, confirmed virtually all of the research hypotheses. The study found that joint ventures are the dominant form of multinational business in Saudi Arabia, both in manufacturing and service industries. The core roles of MNCs in the Saudi-foreign ventures are evident in the cross-border value-adding activities of marketing, trading, manufacturing, consulting, contracting, project management, insurance, hotel operation and banking. Likewise, MNCs provide licensing, franchising, financing services and various auxiliary roles in the Kingdom. Therefore, the multinationality of a firm or a group of firms operating across national boundaries is not necessarily synonymous with international production - the main subject of contemporary multinational theories. The respondents generally perceived the competitiveness of MNCs operating in Saudi Arabia as a function of a number of economic, management, marketing, technological and other variables. They also perceived the contributions of MNCs to the Kingdom's socio-economic developments as significant and positive. The study also found that understanding Islamic values and ethics is important for MNCs. In this regard, the researcher looked at some objective indicators of business success and related them to selected measures of MNCs' local cultural awareness and responsiveness. The results indicate that the business success of multinationals operating in Saudi Arabia is positively related to their local cultural awareness and responsiveness. Along this line, this study covers some vital elements of Islamic culture, which will help MNCs understand further the cultural needs, values and sensitivities of the Saudi people and Muslims in general.

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Tiesioginės užsienio investicijos (TUI) yra vienas iš svarbiausių faktorių, turinčių įtakos šalies ekonominiam vystymuisi. Pritraukti TUI į mūsų šalį yra ne tik tikslas, bet ir būtinybė. Įstojimas į ES padidino konkurenciją tiek tarp naujų, tiek tarp senų ES narių. Lietuvos vyriausybė turi nuolat gerinti investicinį klimatą, norint, jog TUI neaplenktų mūsų šalies ateityje.TUI atneša į mūsų šalį naujas pažangias idėjas, progresyvią vadybą, naują techniką ir technologiją, sukuria naujas darbo vietas – kelia pragyvenimo lygį. Vokiečių kompanija „Max.sicherheitsfarchule.Holding.Gmbh“ planuoja savo kompanijos plėtrą Lietuvoje, panaudojant TUI, modernizuojant ir restruktūrizuojant vairavimo mokymo procesą. Empirinis tyrimas kaip tik ir parodė prielaidas, galimybes ir perspektyvas tiesioginiam investavimui Lietuvoje. Darbas susideda iš 97 puslapių, įskaitant 5 lenteles ir 17 paveikslėlių, neskaitant literatūros sąrašo ir priedų. / The Direct Foreign Investment (DFI) is one of the most important factors influencing economical development of any country. To raise the level of direct foreign investment in Lithuania is not only a goal, but also a necessity. The entry to the European Union (EU) increased competition between old and new EU member states, so in order to attract DFI to our country Lithuanian Goverment should constantly improve investment climate. Direct Foreign Investment together with direct financing brings into the country many progressive ideas, innovative management, new techniques and technologies, improves employment levels by creating new workplaces and in general raises the standart of living. German company „Max.sicherheitsfarchule.Gmbh“, working in the field of theoretical and practical driving training in Germany, is planing its expansion to Lithuania, using Direct Foreign Investment, modernizing and restructuring the traditional procedure of driving training. The empirical research demonstrated the assumptions, possibilities and perspectives for this particular case of direct investing. The research work comprises of 97 pages, including 5 tables and 17 pictures, excluding lists of literature and appendixes.

This study deals with direct foreign investment (DFI) in Turkish manufacturing industry with two main objectives: First, the reasons of the failure of Turkish economy in attracting sufficiently high levels of DFI is analysed as compared to the experiences other developing countries that have been successful on this count. Second, the impact of DFI in Turkish manufacturing industry is analysed in terms of export, employment, and technology contribution as well as the comparative behaviour of domestic and DFI firms. In addition to various data sets, the study utilized the results collected from two separate surveys that were implemented to domestic and DFI firms operating in Turkish manufacturing industry. Firstly, it turned out that the failure of Turkish economy in attracting high inflows of DFI cannot be attributed to investment climate problems, as the experiences of other developing countries have shown. Secondly, there does not seem to be a significant difference between the performances of domestic and DFI firms. While DFI seemed to contribute positively to exports, insufficient contribution of DFI on employment and negative balance of payments effects as well as the lack of its contribution in terms of research and development and innovative activities were also notable. Then, the study argues that rather than focusing solely on improvements in investment climate and liberalizing eagerly the development regime, it seems more appropriate to have a broad development strategy, in which both domestic investment and DFI are handled in an integrated approach, within the framework of appropriate industrial, trade and technology policies.

The goal of this diploma work is to analyze the situation with direct foreign investment in South Bohemia.Than to analyze possibilities of investment condition and make some suggestions to improve the condition for its inflow.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:19:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007 - Clayton do Espirito Santo.pdf: 584120 bytes, checksum: 561e1209173d3bb2ed8d913921d12c58 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-06-29 / The general objective in this dissertation consists of analyzing the Foreign Direct Investment in the hypermarket chain in Brazil, emphasizing the products of proper mark as differentiation strategy front to the competition. Recently the retail sector comes growing of accented form, stimulated mainly for the strategies of growth adopted by the great hypermarket chain. Beyond investing in technology, expansion of store and internal growth, the great nets follow investing of significant form in the products of Proper Mark (MP). In this segment of products the leader of market CBD/P?o de A??car follows launching new itens of launched currently commercialization and already it possesses more than 14 thousand itens. To verify which the perception of the consumers in relation to the products of MP and which the determinative factors in the choice of the purchase place, a research was accomplished in Volta Redonda city with 187 customers of the Sendas, supermarket that belongs the CBD/P?o de A??car since 2003. It could be concluded there are two distinct strategies in the positioning of the MP products, it can be offered the product as strategy of customer loyalty, in view of that the main consumers of these products are pertaining people to the social class A and B, or can be grow up popularization strategies to increase the willing number of consumers to acquire these products, because the lowest social class still see them with distrust. / O objetivo geral nesta disserta??o consiste em analisar o Investimento Direto Estrangeiro nas redes supermercadistas no Brasil, enfatizando os produtos de marca pr?pria como estrat?gia de diferencia??o frente ? concorr?ncia. Nos ?ltimos anos o setor varejista vem crescendo de forma acentuada, impulsionado principalmente pelas estrat?gias de crescimento adotadas pelas grandes redes supermercadistas. Al?m de investir em tecnologia, expans?o de lojas e crescimento interno, as grandes redes seguem investindo de forma significativa nos produtos de Marca Pr?pria (MP). Neste segmento de produtos a l?der de mercado Companhia Brasileira de Distribui??o/ P?o de A??car segue lan?ando novos itens de comercializa??o e j? possui atualmente mais de 14 mil itens lan?ados. Para verificar qual a percep??o dos consumidores em rela??o aos produtos de MP e quais os fatores determinantes na escolha do local de compra, foi realizada uma pesquisa na cidade de Volta Redonda com 187 clientes do Sendas, supermercado que pertence a CBD/P?o de A??car desde 2003. Conclui-se que existem duas estrat?gias distintas no posicionamento dos produtos de MP, os supermercados podem oferecer o produto como estrat?gia de fideliza??o de clientes, tendo em vista que os principais consumidores destes produtos s?o pessoas pertencentes ?s classes A e B, ou podem criar estrat?gias de divulga??o para aumentar o n?mero de consumidores dispostos a adquirir estes produtos, pois as classes mais baixas ainda os v?em com desconfian?a.

Vienas pagrindinių sėkmingos ūkio plėtros veiksnių yra investicijos. Ūkio augimas ilguoju laikotarpiu įmanomas tik kuriant, stiprinant ir išlaikant mūsų ekonomikos tarptautinį konkurencingumą, Lietuva, būdama mažos ir atviros ekonomikos šalimi, yra priklausoma nuo sėkmingų ekonominių santykių su kitomis bendrosios Europos Sąjungos rinkomis ir trečiosiomis šalimis. Šio magistrinio darbo tikslas – nustatyti ir įvertinti investavimo proceso trukdžius ir numačius priemones, leidžiančias pašalinti kliūtis, kurios trukdo pritraukti tiesiogines vidaus ir užsienio investicijas, skatinti Lietuvos verslo plėtrą ir šalies ekonomikos augimą. Magistriniame darbe atliktas veiksmų, skirtų tiesioginių užsienio investicijų pritraukimui, analizė – tyrimas leido nustatyti, kad Lietuva neišnaudoja savo ekonominio potencialo ir pagal ekonominius rodiklius atsilieka nuo savo kaimynių (ypač nuo Estijos). Galima konstatuoti, kad šiuo metu Lietuvoje yra sudarytos palankios sąlygos investuoti į įvairias pramonės ir verslo sritis. Vis dėlto, stokojama motyvacinių, patrauklumą didinančių veiksnių, užtikrinančių, kad būtų imtasi konkrečių veiksmų. Todėl itin svarbu išryškinti veiksnius, kurie, investuotojų nuomone, apsunkina investicijas ir kelia didesnes ar mažesnes problemas. Aptariant veiksnius, lemiančius Lietuvos patrauklumą investicijoms, atkreiptinas dėmesys, jog teigiama ir neigiama TUI įtakos neatsiejamos, ypač joms veikiant šalies ūkyje, pereinančiame nuo planinio prie rinkos ūkio, nes čia... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Investment is one of the major factors determining successful development of an economy. In the long term, economic growth is achievable only fostering, strengthening and maintaining economic competitiveness on the international scale. Lithuania with its small and open economy is dependent on the successful economic ties with the European Union single market and the third countries. This Master thesis aims at identifying and assessing the impediments to investment process and providing for the measures allowing to remove the obstacles encountered when attracting direct domestic and foreign investment, and to encourage the development of the Lithuanian business and growth of the national economy. The Master thesis includes the analysis research of actions aimed at attracting direct foreign investment, allowing to conclude that Lithuania does not exploit its economic potential and is lagging behind its neighbours (in particular Estonia) according to economic indicators. It is possible to state that at the moment Lithuania has favourable conditions for investment into various areas of industry and business. However, there is a lack of motivation and appeal ensuring concrete actions to be taken. Therefore, it is essential to single out the factors, which frustrate investment and pose more or less serious problems in the opinion of investors. When examining the factors determining Lithuania’s attractiveness for investment, note should be taken of the interrelation between... [to full text]

[pt] A situação no Brasil no cenário internacional, principalmente no que tange à entrada de investimentos com fim de desenvolvimento e geração de capital, vem sendo abalada na última década por diversos fatores. A situação global, com as incertezas decorrentes da Pandemia de COVID-19 e a Guerra na Ucrânia é instável, com alta de juros, inflação e uma degradação da situação econômica das pessoas em escala global. A atração de investimentos é importante, historicamente, para o aumento de entrada de capital, empresas, industrialização e consequentemente, empregos, geração de renda e circulação de capital dentro do mercado interno. O Brasil há anos está em um processo de desindustrialização, que traz impactos econômicos significantes. O presente trabalho, portanto, tem como objetivo analisar esse processo de desindustrialização, a relação de Investimentos Diretos Estrangeiros, Risco Brasil e a relação entre estes índices, assim como uma tentativa de proposição de ideias para estimular o crescimento nacional. / [en] The situation in Brazil on the international scene, especially regarding the entry of investments for the purpose of development and capital generation, has been impacted over the years by several factors. The global scenery, with the uncertainties arising from the COVID-19 Pandemic and the War in Ukraine, is unstable, with high interest rates, inflation, and a degradation of the economic situation of people on a global scale. The attraction of investments is desirable, historically, for the increase of capital inflow, companies, industrialization and consequently jobs, income generation and capital circulation within the internal market. Brazil has been in a process of deindustrialization for years, which brings significant economic impacts. The present work, therefore, aims to analyze this process of deindustrialization, the relation of Foreign Direct Investments, Brazil Risk, and the relation between these indexes, as well as an attempt to propose ideas to stimulate national growth.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:48:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Roselene B Costa.pdf: 875682 bytes, checksum: 445ad1a2140a84f7ed0b7634bbcf6a86 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-10-27 / The intention of the work is to characterize the evolution and the impact of the Direct Foreign Investment (IDE) in the Brazilian economic development. The period delimited for the analysis is the years between the decades of 1950 and 1990. Considering the boom in the flow of IDE directed to the Brazilian economy in recent years, it was searched to collate the different presented periods, in order to investigate the contribution of these resources in the different cycles of economic development of Brazil / O propósito do trabalho é caracterizar a evolução e o impacto do Investimento Direto Estrangeiro (IDE) no desenvolvimento econômico brasileiro. O período delimitado para a análise são os anos compreendidos entre a década de 1950 e de 1990. Considerando-se o boom no fluxo de IDE direcionado à economia brasileira no período recente, buscou-se confrontar os diferentes períodos apresentados, a fim de investigar a contribuição desses recursos nos diferentes ciclos de desenvolvimento econômico do Brasil

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-05-15T17:32:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Carla Menezes.pdf: 1929958 bytes, checksum: 3d3899ff8ea4eb98f9fe72636a11064c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-15T17:32:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carla Menezes.pdf: 1929958 bytes, checksum: 3d3899ff8ea4eb98f9fe72636a11064c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Nenhuma / Devido ao crescente movimento de investimento externo direto das empresas brasileiras nas últimas décadas, optou-se por desenvolver um estudo sobre esse fenômeno. Para Morschett, Schramm-Klein e Swoboda (2010), apesar de muitas décadas de pesquisa de fato não se sabe ao certo quais são as variáveis que determinam a decisão de modo de entrada no exterior. Fato que afeta também as empresas brasileiras, pois pouco se sabe sobre o impacto das variáveis que determinam a decisão do modo de entrada. Esta dissertação é um estudo de caso qualitativo descritivo no qual foi pesquisada a Companhia Providência S.A., uma empresa brasileira fabricante de falso tecido que, através de sua estratégia de internacionalização, exporta para diversos países do mundo. A Companhia Providência em 2011 realizou seu primeiro investimento externo direto tipo greenfield nos Estados Unidos. O estudo do processo de expansão internacional da Companhia Providência S.A., verificou os fatores determinantes na decisão de investimento externo direto nos Estados Unidos e analisou este fenômeno sob a ótica de várias das teorias de internacionalização presentes na literatura. Como método de investigação, realizou-se um estudo de caso tipo descritivo de uma empresa de origem brasileira, que decide realizar investimento externo direto nos Estados Unidos. A coleta de dados foi através de múltiplas fontes de evidência como: entrevistas, pesquisa documental, pesquisa bibliográfica e observação direta. Em seguida, foi realizada a revisão teórica do tema e desenvolveu-se a análise dos dados e a construção do relatório final. A partir de três correntes teóricas de internacionalização: Escola de Upssala, Paradigma Eclético e Empreendedorismo Internacional foi identificada a convergência entre as teorias e o caso. Ainda foi identificado diversos fatores internos e externos à Companhia Providência que determinaram o investimento externo direto, sendo estes: (1) mercado de grandes proporções que inclusive acessa o bloco NAFTA; (2) oportunidade de mercado emergente em mercado maduro, no segmento de fraldas adulto nos Estados Unidos; (3) disponibilidade dos fatores de produção no país hospedeiro, por se tratar de um polo de fabricação de nãotecido; (4) baixa distância cultural entre os dirigentes da empresa no que se refere a cultura, idioma, gestão e método de produção; (5) mercado de falso tecido no Brasil e América Latina com super capacidade; (6) experiência internacional dos gestores para realizar a operação; (7) know-how na produção de nãotecido; (8) vantagem de recursos, pois obtinha máquina de alta tecnologia; (9) know-how na homologação da planta; (10) motivação estratégica de estar próximo ao cliente para desenvolvimento de inovação em produto. Finalmente, foram sugeridos fatores que podem ser analisados pela empresa em futuras expansões da Companhia Providência. / Due to the growing movement of foreign direct investment by Brazilian companies in the recent decades, it was decided to develop a study on this phenomenon. For Morschett, Schramm-Klein and Swoboda (2010), despite many decades of research in fact no one knows for sure what are the variables that determine the decision of the entering mode abroad.This fact also affects Brazilian companies, because little is known about the impact of the variables that determine the decision of entering mode. This dissertation is a descriptive qualitative case study in which the Company Providencia S.A. was studied. This company is a Brazilian producer of non-woven fabric which through its strategy of internationalization is exporting to several countries. The Company Providencia held in 2011 its first greenfield foreign direct investment in the United States. The study of the process of international expansion the Company Providencia S.A. verified the determining factors in the decision of foreign direct investment in the United States and analyzed this phenomenon from the perspective of various theories of internationalization in the literature. As method of investigation, it was performed a case study descriptive type of a company of Brazilian origin that decided to hold foreign direct investment in the United States. Data collection was done through multiple sources of evidence such as interviews, desk research, literature research and direct observation. Afterwards, the theoretical review of the theme was performed and was developed the data analysis and the construction of the final report. Based on three theoretical perspectives of internationalization, the Uppsala School, Eclectic Paradigm and International Entrepreneurship, it has been identified the convergence between theories and case. Many internal and external factors that determined the Company Providencia foreign direct investment were identified: (1) market of major proportions that even accesses the NAFTA bloc; (2) emerging market opportunity in mature market, in the adult diapers segment in the United States; (3) availability of factors of production in the host country, because it is a pole of manufacturing non-woven fabric; (4) low cultural distance between company directors with regard to culture, language, management and production method; (5) market for non-woven fabric in Brazil and Latin America with super capacity; (6) managers’ international experience for performing the operation; (7) know-how in non-woven fabric production; (8) resource advantage, obtained from high-tech machine; (9) know-how in the ratifying of the plant; (10) strategic motivatin of being close to the customer for developing product innovation. Finally, factors that can be analyzed by the company in future expansions of the Company Providencia were suggested.