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Emerging trends in the South African financial merchanisms of disability protectionBotha, Marius 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2009. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The objective of this study is to provide an overview of the South African financial
mechanisms of protection available to people with disabilities, and to project
possible future trends in providing these levels of cover. Alternative future
scenarios that could pan out over the long-term are sketched to help understand the
various external factors that could have an impact on disability risk protection in
South Africa.
The main classifications of the various benefits are split into social assistance and
social insurance measures. The future landscape for each is explored by reviewing
the associated social security and private insurance reforms currently envisaged. A
key expected driver of private insurance reform is the introduction of a formal
contributory system of social security in South Africa. The provision of disability
cover in such a system is reviewed separately through proposals for a new
mandatory system of retirement and risk benefit management in the country.
Recommendations for a more coherent framework amongst the various
mechanisms of disability protection and their designs are made. This is done
within the context of the social model of disability that has developed in recent
years. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie verslag gee ‘n oorsig van die Suid-Afrikaanse finansiële beskermings
meganismes wat beskikbaar is vir mense met gestremdhede. Dit lig veral
moontlike tendense vir die toekoms van sulke vorme van ongeskiktheids-dekking
uit deur sekere vooruitskattings te maak. Daar is verskeie maniere waarop hierdie,
en moontlik nuwe, meganismes kan ontwikkel met tyd. Dit is belangrik om te
verstaan hoe sekere omgewingsfaktore ‘n rol speel in die bestuur van
ongeskiktheids risiko’s.
Die verslag klassifiseer die meganismes in twee kategorieë, staatstoelae en privaat
versekerings-voordele. Ondersoek word ingestel na die toekomstige ontwikkeling
van hierdie voordele deur huidige hervormings te oorweeg. Een van hierdie
hervormings wat tot grootskaalse verandering kan lei is die inwerkingstelling van
’n nasionale pensionfonds waartoe alle Suid-Afrikaners verpligte bydraes sal maak.
Die meriete van die verskaffing van ’n ongeskiktheidsvoordeel deur so ’n fonds
word onder andere ondersoek.
Voorstelle vir ‘n beter samehangende raamwerk waarbinne die reeks voordele
verskaf kan word, word ook gemaak. Die algemene tendens vir ’n meer sosiale
inslag in die ontleding van gestremdheid gee ’n bepaalde konteks aan die debat.
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An exploration of alternative developmental programmes for HIV positive disability grant applicants16 July 2015 (has links)
M.A. (Social Work) / Assistance with a disability grant has made a number of positive contributions, especially to improving the life of its beneficiaries. In addition to the increasing number of job demands by a multitude of people in the country, there are also thousands of people living with HIV and AIDS who apply, especially those who have no income, for a disability grant to meet their basic needs and promote positive health. Throughout the study, it has been identified that the disability grant not only benefits individual beneficiaries in most instances, but also benefits their families and plays a major role not only in ensuring food security, but is extended in meeting other basic needs of the households. By its nature, the disability grant is not permanent social assistance as beneficiaries only qualify for a period ranging from six to 12 months. The cancellation of the grant also leaves the beneficiaries in a vulnerable condition as on cancellation, some beneficiaries are not in a position to provide for themselves financially. For the purpose of the study, purposive sampling was selected for its convenience in getting information relevant to the study. The study was guided by its goal which was to explore the need for developmental programmes for HIV positive disability grant applicants, with the purpose of improving food security and self-reliance. The objectives of the study included the interrogation of grantees on their desire, or not, to be self-reliant, to solicit their ideas for developmental programmes, to consult with social workers who are experienced in the field of Antiretroviral (ARV) intervention on alternative developmental programmes for disability grant re-applicants, and to make recommendations to social workers regarding appropriate developmental programmes for disability grant re-application. Practically, South Africa has no alternative assistance which will ensure continuous food security once the grant has lapsed. This raises a need for initiatives to address this situation as it was discovered that disability grant beneficiaries feel that they can participate in income-generating activities and thereby take more control of their lives and be economically sufficient. Other factors that were identified included a will to change and self-determination. These factors were therefore identified as better tools to be utilised and invested in to encourage them to do things for themselves, as meeting their basic needs is their individual responsibility, especially in cases where the individual‟s medical condition has improved. These interventions need to consider the socio-economic factors of the grant applicants as services provided to them should not treat other factors in isolation since the focus has been on medical aspects; hence assistance with disability grants is only provided when they cannot provide for themselves due to poor health and poor physical strength.
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Falling through the cracks : income security and the South African social security systemBredenkamp, Caryn 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis focuses on the extent to which the South African social security system
succeeds in providing protection in the vulnerable periods of the life-cycle and against
the major contingencies of unemployment, disability and disease. Through a detailed
examination of the different social insurance and assistance programmes, it isolates
which particular population segments (by occupation, income quintile and race group)
"fall through the cracks" in the provision of income security. It does not look only at the
articulation between different social insurance and social assistance programmes, but also
acknowledges how social security complements other governmental interventions, such
as social services, and non-state sources of income security, such as those provided by the
private insurance market and the family and community.
Part One of the thesis is devoted to an examination of social insurance in South Africa, in
other words, to those programmes that seek to compensate for a loss of income in the
event of particular contingencies and that are funded by contributions from employers
and employees. In addition, theoretical perspectives on social security, and social
insurance in particular, are provided, with a discussion of the various economic
arguments in favour of and against the provision of social security.
Part Two of the thesis examines the range of non-contributory social assistance - cash
benefits paid form general revenue - that are available to South Africans who qualify in
terms of the means tests. Each chapter provides an analysis of the extent to which the
social assistance programme under analysis provides a safety net for the relevant category of vulnerable people. It does this by examining the appropriateness of the programme
structure, take-up rates and the fiscal sustainability of the programmes. In addition, the
budgetary process by which revenue is allocated to social assistance programmes and
expenditure trends are examined.
The thesis concludes that although the South African social security system has achieved
a fairly advanced level of development and covers a fairly wide range of risks, there are a
number of constraints facing its further expansion. Social insurance schemes provide
generous benefits, but their membership is restricted to the employed. Expanding
coverage by social insurance would require substantial growth in remunerative
employment which, given prevailing labour market conditions, seems unlikely. The
provision of more generous social assistance programmes catering for a broader range of
contingencies is severely curtailed by already high fiscal expenditure on welfare and
macroeconomic constraints. Moreover, changing demography, household structures and
dependency burdens, especially as the HIV/AIDS epidemic spreads, seem likely to
increase demands on social assistance programmes. Consequently, until employment can
be expanded so that more people can contribute to their own income security, the
informal social security provided by the family and/or community will remain the first
line of support for many. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie tesis word gefokus op die mate waartoe die Suid-Afrikaanse
bestaansbeveiligingstelsel daarin slaag om ondersteuning tydens kwesbare periodes in die
lewensiklus en beskerming teen groot gebeurlikhede soos werkloosheid, ongeskiktheid of
langdurige siekte te bied. Daardie bevolkingsegmente (volgens beroep, inkomstegroep of
ras) wat nie volledig toegang tot inkomstesekuriteit het nie, word uitgesonder deur 'n
gedetaileerde ondersoek van die verskillende maatskaplike versekerings- en
bystandsprogramme. Daar word ook gekyk na die artikulasie tussen die verskillende
programme sowel as na hoe ander regeringsintervensies (bv. verskaffing van
maatskaplike dienste) en private bronne van inkomstesekuriteit - verskaf deur die privaat
versekeringsmark, die gemeenskap en die familie - deur maatskaplike bystand aangevul
word.
Deel Een word gewyaan 'n ondersoek van maatskaplike versekering in Suid-Afrika -
daardie programme wat vir inkomsteverlies weens spesifieke gebeurlikhede probeer
kompenseer en wat tipies deur bydraes van werkgewers en werknemers befonds word.
Teoretiese perspektiewe op bestaansbeveiliging in die algemeen en maatskaplike
versekering in besonder word ook verskaf en argumente vir en teen die verskaffing van
bestaansbeveiliging word bespreek. Deel Twee ondersoek die reeks nie-bydraende bestaansbeveiligingsprogramme wat uit
algemene owerheidsinkomste befonds word, asook bestedingstendense in maatskaplike
bystand.
Die tesis kom tot die gevolgtrekking dat, alhoewel Suid-Afrikaanse bestaansbeveiliging
'n redelik gevorderde vlak van ontwikkeling bereik het en 'n wye reeks risiko's dek, daar
'n aantal beperkinge op verdere uitbreiding is. Maatskaplike versekeringskemas bied
uitgebreide voordele, maar lidmaatskap is tot indiensgeneemdes beperk. Uitbreiding van
dekking vereis beduidende groei in formele indiensneming, wat onwaarskynlik lyk,
gegewe huidige arbeidsmarktendense. Die verskaffing van gunstiger maatskaplike
bystandsprogramme gemik op meer gebeurlikhede word ernstig deur reeds hoë fiskale
uitgawes op welsyn en deur makroekonomiese oorweginge beperk. Verder sal
veranderende demografiese strukture, huishoudingstrukture en afhanklikheidslaste, veral
teen die agtergrond van die toename in HIVNIGS, aansprake op maatskaplike
bystandsprogramme vergroot. Gevolglik sal die informele inkomstesekuriteit gebied deur
die familie en/of gemeenskap die eerste of enigste ondersteuning vir groot dele van die
bevolking bly, totdat indiensneming genoeg uitgebrei kan word sodat meer mense tot hul
eie inkomstesekuriteit kan bydra.
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The challenges experienced by the people living with HIV on the termination of temporary disability grant in a semi-urban area in GautengMoetseloa, Mpolokeng Cecilia 02 1900 (has links)
Text in English / The South African government provides people living with HIV Temporary Disability Grants to assist them with money when they cannot work due to being disabled by HIV. The toll of the disease has contributed to the inability to be employed among black South Africans. The aim of this exploratory qualitative study was to investigate the challenges experienced by people living with HIV when their Temporary Disability Grants are terminated in the semi-urban area of Gauteng. The temporary disability grant is terminated after six months of receiving it. In-depth interviews were conducted with people who live with HIV who are members of Ekupholeni Mental Health and Trauma Centre support group. Thematic analysis was used to analyse data. The findings of the study revealed that the termination of Temporary Disability Grant affects the running of the households of people living with HIV, causes poor management of the disease, non-adherence to treatment which leads to viral rebound, poor nutrition as a result of poor finances. The findings of this study are significant for the policy review on how long a person should receive the disability grant and the criteria used to apply for a disability grant, and to encourage the people living with HIV to start their own gardening programmes for food supply. Moreover, to encourage the introduction of a Chronic Disease Grant (CDG) for people who live with HIV. / OKUFINYEZIWE
Uhulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika uhlinzeka abantu abaphila ne-HIV Izibonelelo Zesikhashana Zabaphila Nokukhubazeka, ama-Temporary Disability Grants, ukubasiza ngemali ngesikhathi bengakwazi ukuthi bayosebenza ngesizathu sokukhubazeka ngenxa ye-HIV. Ubunzima balesi sifo sebubenomthelela wokuthi kube nokungaqasheki kwabantu abamnyama baseNingizimu Afrika. Injongo yalolu cwaningo oluchaza kabanzi kwakuwukuphenya ngezinselelo ezibhekana nabantu abaphila ne-HIV uma Izibonelelo Zesikhashana Zabaphila Nokukhubazeka zinqanyulwa endaweni yasemalokishini aseGauteng. Isibonelelo sesikhashana sabaphila nokukhubazeka sinqanyulwa emva kokutholakala kwaso izinyanga eziyisithupha. Ukuxoxisana okunzulu kwenziwa nabantu abaphila ne-HIV abangamalungu esikhungo Sezempilo Yangokomqondo, Ekupholeni nabayiqembu lokusekelana Lesikhungo Sokuphazamiseka Emqondweni. Ukuhlaziywa kwale ndikimba kwenziwa ukucwaninga imininingwane eyayiqoqiwe. Okwatholwa yisifundo kwaveza ukuthi ukunqanyulwa Kwesibonelelo Sesikhashana Sabaphila Nokukhubazeka kuthikameza ukuqhubeka ngendlela efanele kwamakhaya abantu abaphila ne-HIV, kubangele ukungalawuleki kahle kwesifo, ukungabambeleli ekuphuzweni kwemithi okubangela ukuthi igciwane lihlasele kabusha, ukungadli ngokufanele ngenxa yokuswela imali. Okutholakala kulolu cwaningo kusemqoka ekubuyekezweni kwenqubomgomo yokuthi kumele umuntu anikezwe isibonelelo sokuphila nokukhubazeka isikhathi esingakanani kanye nemigomo esetshenziswayo ukufaka isicelo semali yesibonelelo sokuphila nokukhubazeka, kanye nokukhuthaza abantu abaphila ne-HIV ukuthi baqale izinhlelo zabo zezingadi ukuze bathole ukudla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhuthaza ukuqala ukusebenzisa Isibonelelo Sezifo Ezingelapheki, i-Chronic Disease Grant (i-CDG) sabantu abaphila ne-HIV. / KGUTSUFATSO
Mmuso wa Afrika Borwa o fana ka Dithuso tsa Nakwana ho batho tshwerweng ke HIV le ba Koafetseng ho ba thusa ka tjhelete nakong eo ba sa sebetseng ka lebaka la ho tshwarwa ke HIV le ho koafala. Sekgahla sa kokwana se bakile bothata ba ho hloka mesebetsi ka hara batho ba batsho ka hara Afrika Borwa. Maikemisetso a dipatlisiso tsena ke ho hlahloba diphephetso tseo batho ba phelang ka HIV ba kopanang le tsona nakong eo Dithuso tsa Nakwana tsa ho Kowafala di felang dibakeng tsa seka-ditoropo Gauteng. Dithuso tsa Nakwana tsa ho kowafala di fihla pheletsong ka moea dikgwedi tse tsheletseng ka mora ho di fumantshwa. Di-inthavu tse tebileng di ile tsa tshwarwa le batho ba phelang ka HIV bao e leng ditho tsa sehlopha se tshehetsang sa Ekupholeni Mental Health and Trauma Centre. Manollo ya mookotaba o ile wa sebediswa bakeng sa ho sekaseka lesedi. Tse fumanweng ka hara dipatlisiso tsena di hlahisa hore ho fela ha Dithuso tsa Nakwana tsa Ditjhelete di ama tsamaisong ya malapa a batho ba phelang ka HIV, di baka taolo e fokolang ya bohloko, ho se ikamahanye le phekolo ho etsang hore bohloko bo kgutle hape, phepo e sa lokang e bakwang ke tjhelete e nyane. Tse fumanwanwang ka hara dipatlisiso tsena ke tsa bohlokwa bakeng sa hore maano a shejwe hape mabapi le hore e k aba nako e kae moo mokudi a lokelang ho fumantshwa thuso, mmoho le tsela e sebediswang ho etsa kopo ya dithuso tsa bokowa, le ho kgothalletsa batho ba phelang ka HIV hore ba iqalle manane a temo bakeng sa phepelo ya dijo. Ho feta moo, ho kgothaletsa ho hlahiswa ha Dithuso tsa Mahloko a sa foleng (Chronic Desease Grant) bakeng sa batho ba phelang ka HIV.
MANTSWE A SEHLOOHO
Bokowa, dithuso tsa bokowa, baamohedi ba dithuso tsa bokowa, batho ba phelang ka HIV le AIDS, ho fela ha dithuso tsa bokowa le phekolo ka dipidisi tsa anthiritrovaerale. / Sociology / M.A. (Sociology (Social Behaviour Studies in HIV and AIDS))
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