Esta tese tem como objetivo analisar o folhado textual da crônica jornalística de Antônio Maria e de Joaquim Ferreira dos Santos, investigando os operadores que agem na produção de sentido, sobretudo os aspectos enunciativos, como as vozes presentes na situação discursiva e os contextos em que se dão tais relações, e ainda atentar para a importância da palavra que desperta a paixão pelo texto, que leva a uma reflexão crítica sobre o seu tempo e sua história.Por meio da crônica desses dois autores, investigar a importância deste gênero textual nos atuais veículos midiáticos, reconhecendo neste gênero um importante papel de identidade cultural da sociedade brasileira. Perceber que, de certa forma, a função catártica da crônica jornalística de Antônio Maria e de Joaquim Ferreira dos Santos pode levar o leitor a sua própria identificação com o mundo que o cerca e com o espaço em que está inserido papel, afinal, da leitura de um texto, mais ainda, de um texto com traços literários. Sabendo, certamente, que é a língua, a palavra, a sustentação de todo esse processo / This thesis aims to analyze the rolling text of journalistic chronicle of Antonio Maria and Joaquim Ferreira dos Santos, investigating the operators acting in the production of meaning, especially aspects of enunciation, like the voices in the present situation and the discursive contexts in which give such relationship, and still pay attention to the importance of the word that arouses a passion for the text, which leads to a critical reflection upon their time and history. Through these two chronic authors investigate the importance of this genre in today's media vehicles, recognizing this genre an important role of cultural identity of Brazilian society. Realize that, somehow, the cathartic function of journalistic chronicle of Antonio Maria and Joaquim Ferreira dos Santos can lead the reader to identify himself with the world around him and with the space in which it appears the role, after all, the reading a text, even more, with traces of a literary text. Knowing, of course, that is the language, the word, to support this process

Esta tese tem como objetivo analisar o folhado textual da crônica jornalística de Antônio Maria e de Joaquim Ferreira dos Santos, investigando os operadores que agem na produção de sentido, sobretudo os aspectos enunciativos, como as vozes presentes na situação discursiva e os contextos em que se dão tais relações, e ainda atentar para a importância da palavra que desperta a paixão pelo texto, que leva a uma reflexão crítica sobre o seu tempo e sua história.Por meio da crônica desses dois autores, investigar a importância deste gênero textual nos atuais veículos midiáticos, reconhecendo neste gênero um importante papel de identidade cultural da sociedade brasileira. Perceber que, de certa forma, a função catártica da crônica jornalística de Antônio Maria e de Joaquim Ferreira dos Santos pode levar o leitor a sua própria identificação com o mundo que o cerca e com o espaço em que está inserido papel, afinal, da leitura de um texto, mais ainda, de um texto com traços literários. Sabendo, certamente, que é a língua, a palavra, a sustentação de todo esse processo / This thesis aims to analyze the rolling text of journalistic chronicle of Antonio Maria and Joaquim Ferreira dos Santos, investigating the operators acting in the production of meaning, especially aspects of enunciation, like the voices in the present situation and the discursive contexts in which give such relationship, and still pay attention to the importance of the word that arouses a passion for the text, which leads to a critical reflection upon their time and history. Through these two chronic authors investigate the importance of this genre in today's media vehicles, recognizing this genre an important role of cultural identity of Brazilian society. Realize that, somehow, the cathartic function of journalistic chronicle of Antonio Maria and Joaquim Ferreira dos Santos can lead the reader to identify himself with the world around him and with the space in which it appears the role, after all, the reading a text, even more, with traces of a literary text. Knowing, of course, that is the language, the word, to support this process

Cette étude s’interroge sur la construction de la référence dans le genre discursif récit de voyage. Ce genre se signale en effet par une posture énonciative commune : les énonciateurs voyageurs,placés dans un contexte d’asymétrie entre langue et culture, ont à rendre compte derealia (espèces naturelles, artefacts, pratiques sociales) qui ne sont pas systématiquement lexicalisés dans leur langue, ou pour lesquels ils ne possèdent pas de compétence dénominative.Aussi présentent-ils souvent l’opération de référence comme problématique. Pour rendre compte de la manière dont les énonciateurs s’y prennent en contexte pour référer « malgré tout », la thèse analyse les procédures de nomination et de catégorisation des realia exotiques dans un corpus de récits de voyageurs français en Afrique noire durant la période coloniale. Elle met en place une sémantique discursive articulant les trois ordres de la langue, de la textualité et du discours. Le travail bâtit tout d’abord une typologie des formats de nomination exploités dans le corpus, et montre ainsi que les pratiques discursives de nomination sont adossées au système de la langue. Cette première procédure référentielle est complétée par des opérations séquentielles de délimitation des catégories ; on met en lumière les contraintes textuelles qui pèsent sur cette seconde procédure. On analyse ensuite les effets discursifs produits par l’utilisation de ces ressources linguistiques, en les articulant avec la dimension générique, les positionnement sénonciatifs et idéologiques. Les outils d’analyse construits sont enfin appliqués pour caractériser des exploitations discursives particulières dans deux textes contrastés du corpus. / The present study explores how reference is constructed in the discursive genre specifiedas travel narrative. A hallmark of the genre is a common posture towards the production of thetext where enunciator-travellers are placed in an asymmetric context between language and cultureand have to give an account of realia (natural species, artefacts, social practices) which are not systematically lexicalized in their own languages or for which they do not have naming competence. They thus tend to present referencing as problematic. In order to describe how incontext enunciators manage to reference “against all odds”, the present dissertation analysesnaming and categorization procedures of exotic realia in a corpus of travel accounts by Frenchtravellers to Black Africa in the colonial period. A discursive semantics is set up based on thepatterning of the three orders, language, textuality and discourse. The present work first builds upa typology of naming patterns implemented in the corpus and is able to show that discursivepractices concerned with naming rest on the language as a system. This first referencing procedureis followed by sequential operations to delimit categories; textual constraints on this secondprocedure are shown up. There follows the analysis of the discursive effects that result from theuse of such linguistic resources and this is done through articulation with the generic dimensionand the enunciative and ideological stances. Finally the analytic tools that have been devised areapplied to the characterization of specific discursive processes in two contrasting texts from thecorpus.

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-02-12T13:35:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1163383 bytes, checksum: b0009473023a1ae6fdd1988ad3d7c9e4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-12T13:35:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1163383 bytes, checksum: b0009473023a1ae6fdd1988ad3d7c9e4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-28 / The study has presented a research work about the ethnical-racial information of African origin and of African descendants, due to the understanding that the articulation of this kind of information with the theoretical fundaments of the Science of Information has the purpose of rescuing, spreading and adding value to the knowledge about African ancestry and its descendants. The proposed general goal is to analyze the ethnical-racial information in the perspective of African-rooted and African-descendant ethnics, parting from Discursive Semantics, aiming at the conceptualization of the themes approached in this context. The specific goals were: a) mapping the sources of information; b) identifying descriptors; and c) elaborate the glossary of ethical-racial information. The research intended to afford visibility and due importance to the ethnocentric informational flow for considering that knowledge of the terminology of the field is an inherent necessity to all researches/scholars; initiatives towards constructing a glossary of ethnical-racial information are non-existent; ethnical-racial information is little scarcely available in the academic environment; and, that studies which allow the insertion of the afro-centric culture in the Eurocentric current panorama are incipient. The corpus of this research ha as an ally the web environment to reach the informational sources, searching the keywords History of Africa and black people in Brazil, which and without Boolean operators or hyphen. As a selective criteria was the results until the 10th page of the search engine Google, university library websites, Digital Libraries of Theses and Dissertations (BDTDs), institutional repositories, directories of electronic periodic publications, etc. The methodological path had a qualitative analysis, and, for data analysis, documents were approached from the Discursive Semantics perspective, in an attempt to connect the expression or significant of words or expressions with the content or meaning for the indexation of words and linguistic expressions to be collected. The semantic procedures of thematization and figurativization of Greimasian base were the ones responsible by extracting the figures of natural language and for attributing themes to the identified figures. The process of discursivization employed for obtaining positive results of this research work, since the moment of indexation, has shownefficacy in the proposed task, in a way that the figures and the themes became effective as descriptors and, ultimately, formed a glossary of ethnical-racial information. The research highlighted Discurs Semantic as a method capable to execute the task of analyzing and representing ethnical-racial information of African origin with the intent of contributing in a practical way to disseminate and add positive value to this kind of information. It’s also important that this research can serve as an incentive to guide new works for the studies that search solutions with the intent of reduce the effects of the invisibility of ethnical-racial information of African origin, considering that the same way the black person which, despite all the progress, is still far from being free of inequalities, the ethnical-racial information also needs to circulate freely I the academic context, based in the principle of heterogeneity. / O estudo apresentou pesquisa sobre a informação étnico-racial de matrizes africana e afrodescendente por entender que a articulação desse tipo de informação com os fundamentos teóricos da Ciência da Informação tem a finalidade de resgatar, disseminar e agregar valor ao conhecimento da ancestralidade africana e seus descendentes. Propôs como objetivo geral analisar a informação étnico-racial na perspectiva da etnia de raízes africana e afrodescendente, a partir da semântica discursiva, visando à conceituação de temas abordados nesse contexto. Os objetivos específicos foram: a) mapear as fontes de informação; b) identificar descritores; e c) elaborar o glossário da informação étnico-racial. A pesquisa pretendeu oportunizar visibilidade e importância devida e adequada ao fluxo informacional etnocêntrico por considerar que é uma necessidade inerente a todos os pesquisadores/estudiosos o conhecimento da terminologia de suas áreas de atuação; que inexistem iniciativas no sentido de construção de glossário de informação étnico-racial; a informação étnico-racial é pouco difundida no ambiente acadêmico; e, que são incipientes os estudos que permitem a inserção da cultura afrocêntrica no panorama atual de hegemonia eurocêntrica. O corpus da pesquisa teve como aliado o ambiente da web para chegar às fontes informacionais, utilizando na busca as palavras-chave História da África e do negro no Brasil, com e sem operadores booleanos ou hífen, quando optou-se por adotar como critério de seleção até a 10ª página do buscador Google, sites de bibliotecas universitárias, Bibliotecas Digitais de Teses e Dissertações (BDTDs), repositórios institucionais, diretórios de periódicos eletrônicos etc. O percurso metodológico teve abordagem qualitativa e, para a análise dos dados, abordou-se os documentos na perspectiva da Semântica Discursiva, na tentativa de conectar expressão ou significante das palavras ou expressões com o conteúdo ou significado para a indexação dos vocábulos e expressões linguísticas a coletar. Os procedimentos semânticos de tematização e figurativização de base greimasiana foram os responsáveis por extrair as figuras da linguagem natural e por atribuir temas às figuras identificadas. O processo de discursivização empregado para obtenção de resultados positivos da presente pesquisa, desde o momento da indexação evidenciou eficácia na tarefa a que se propunha, de modo que as figuras e os temas se efetivaram como descritores e formaram, por fim, o glossário, apresentado em forma de quadros e denominado Glossário de informação étnico-racial. A pesquisa destacou a Semântica Discursiva como um método capaz de realizar a tarefa de analisar e representar a informação étnico-racial de matriz africana com a intenção de contribuir de forma prática para disseminar e agregar valor positivo a essa espécie de informação. É importante, também, que esta pesquisa possa servir de incentivo ao direcionamento de novos trabalhos para estudos que busquem soluções na intenção de diminuir os efeitos da invisibilidade da informação étnico-racial de matriz africana, tendo em vista que, assim como o negro que a despeito de todo avanço ainda está longe de ser livre de desigualdades, a informação étnico-racial também necessita transitar de forma livre no contexto acadêmico, baseada no princípio da heterogeneidade.

A travers l’analyse du fonctionnement de la forme RAZ, qui peut correspondre en russe contemporain soit à un mot autonome, soit à un préfixe, cette thèse se veut une contribution à l’étude de la sémantique des unités polycatégorielles, mais aussi à l’approfondissement des notions d’intensité et de saillance. L’analyse s’appuie sur le modèle général de la construction du sens et de la référence élaboré dans le cadre de la Théorie des Opérations Prédicatives et Enonciatives développée à partir des travaux d’Antoine Culioli et tient compte des conditions discursives (situation, cotexte, contexte) dans lesquelles apparaît RAZ. Elle aboutit à l’élaboration d’une signification invariante pour chacun de ses emplois catégoriels comme mot autonome et comme préfixe. Chaque invariant est défini non comme une valeur abstraite ou une valeur prototypique, mais comme un schéma qui indique le rôle spécifique joué par RAZ dans les interactions avec son cotexte. Les invariants proposés sont élaborés sur des critères distributionnels et formels précis, tels que la sémantique catégorielle de RAZ, sa fonction syntaxique, la nature et la fonction syntaxique de sa portée. On démontre que malgré l’existence de deux étymons à la sémantique différente, une partie des emplois du préfixe raz- est en fait rattachable au mot autonome raz. Ils relèvent d’une même sémantique de l’actualisation, qui est à la base de l’interprétation intensive et des effets de mises en saillance associés à certains emplois de RAZ. De là découle la difficulté à les traiter au niveau lexicographique, car leur description nécessite la prise en compte des facteurs énonciatifs et du contexte d’emploi large. / This thesis analyses the functioning of the form RAZ that in contemporary Russian can be either a word or a prefix, and is intended as a contribution to the study of the semantics of polycategorical lexical items as well as to a better understanding of the notions of intensity and salience. The analysis is based on the model of meaning and reference construction elaborated within the framework of the Theory of the Predicative and Enunciative Operations developed by Antoine Culioli’s associates, and takes into consideration the discursive conditions (situation, co-text, context) under which RAZ occurs. It results in the elaboration of a semantic invariant for each categorical use of RAZ as a word and as a prefix. Each invariant is defined not as an abstract value or a prototypic value, but as a schema that indicates the specific role played by RAZ in the interactions with its co-text. The proposed invariants are developed on the basis of specific distributional and formal criteria, such as the categorical semantics of RAZ, its syntactic function, the nature and the function of its scope. It is demonstrated that despite the existence of two etymons with different meanings, some of the uses of the prefix raz- are, in fact, attachable to the word raz. They emerge from the semantics of actualisation (in Bally’s sense), which is responsible for the intensive interpretation and the effects of salience proper to certain uses of RAZ. Hence the difficulty in treating them on the lexicographic level, since their description requires consideration of enunciative factors and of the wider context.