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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Predictors of recurrence free survival for patients with stage II and III colon cancer

Tsikitis, Vassiliki, Larson, David, Huebner, Marianne, Lohse, Christine, Thompson, Patricia January 2014 (has links)
BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to evaluate clinico-pathologic specific predictors of recurrence for stage II/III disease. Improving recurrence prediction for resected stage II/III colon cancer patients could alter surveillance strategies, providing opportunities for more informed use of chemotherapy for high risk individuals.METHODS:871 stage II and 265 stage III patients with colon cancers were included. Features studied included surgery date, age, gender, chemotherapy, tumor location, number of positive lymph nodes, tumor differentiation, and lymphovascular and perineural invasion. Time to recurrence was evaluated, using Cox's proportional hazards models. The predictive ability of the multivariable models was evaluated using the concordance (c) index.RESULTS:For stage II cancer patients, estimated recurrence-free survival rates at one, three, five, and seven years following surgery were 98%, 92%, 90%, and 89%. Only T stage was significantly associated with recurrence. Estimated recurrence-free survival rates for stage III patients at one, three, five, and seven years following surgery were 94%, 78%, 70%, and 66%. Higher recurrence rates were seen in patients who didn't receive chemotherapy (p=0.023), with a higher number of positive nodes (p<0.001). The c-index for the stage II model was 0.55 and 0.68 for stage III.CONCLUSIONS:Current clinic-pathologic information is inadequate for prediction of colon cancer recurrence after resection for stage II and IIII patients. Identification and clinical use of molecular markers to identify the earlier stage II and III colon cancer patients at elevated risk of recurrence are needed to improve prognostication of early stage colon cancers.
2

"Significado prognóstico dos graus histológicos do linfoma de Hodgkin tipo esclerose nodular" / Prognostic significance of histopathological grading of nodular sclerosing Hodgkin´s lymphoma

Pracchia, Luis Fernando 25 August 2005 (has links)
Com o objetivo de avaliar o significado prognóstico da graduação histológica do Linfoma de Hodgkin tipo Esclerose Nodular (LH EN), proposta pelo British National Lymphoma Investigation, realizamos um estudo retrospectivo que incluiu 69 casos de LH EN. Trinta e cinco casos (51%) foram classificados com EN grau I e 34 (49%) como EN grau II. Remissão completa após o tratamento inicial foi obtida em 85,7% dos casos de EN I e em 82,4% dos casos de EN II (p=0,75). A probabilidade estimada de sobrevida global em 5 anos foi de 67,0% para EN I e de 83,5% para EN II (p = 0,13) e a taxa de sobrevida livre de doença em 5 anos foi de 85,2% versus 87,0%, respectivamente (p = 0,72). Concluímos que a graduação histológica BNLI não esteve associada com o prognóstico do LH EN nesta população / In order to evaluate the prognostic significance of the British National Lymphoma Investigation histological grading system for Nodular Sclerosing Hodgkin´s Lymphoma (NS HL), we retrospectively studied 69 NS HL patients. Thirty five cases (51%) were classified as NS grade I and 34 (49%) as NS grade II. The complete remission rate after initial therapy was 85,7% in the NS I group and 82,4% in the NS II group (p=0,75). The predicted 5-year overall survival rate was 67,0% in the NS I patients and 83,5% in the NS II patients (p = 0,13). The predicted 5-year disease free survival rate for NSI and NSII patients was 85,2% and 87,0%, respectively (p = 0,72). Therefore, we concluded that the BNLI grading system was not associated with the prognosis of NS HL in this uniformly treated population
3

Associação da expressão do Ki67 e linfonodos axilares metastáticos com a sobrevida livre de doença no câncer de mama invasivo

PAIVA, Carina Batista 23 February 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2017-08-09T14:09:09Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Dissertaçao_Carina_Paiva_PPG_MESTRADO_PATOLOGIA_TURMA2014-2016.pdf: 7682349 bytes, checksum: 18a47d04a840b2356f9461b6b6d72f96 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-09T14:09:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Dissertaçao_Carina_Paiva_PPG_MESTRADO_PATOLOGIA_TURMA2014-2016.pdf: 7682349 bytes, checksum: 18a47d04a840b2356f9461b6b6d72f96 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-23 / Marcadores biológicos são requeridos para estimar o risco de recorrência da doença em mulheres com câncer de mama. O Ki67 é um marcador de proliferação celular e seu valor preditivo e prognóstico tem sido estudado como um importante biomarcador de rotina na prática clínica. Nosso estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a relação entre a intensidade da expressão do Ki-67 e o envolvimento de linfonodos axilares com metástases com a sobrevida livre de doença em mulheres com câncer de mama. Esse estudo foi retrospectivo e 134 pacientes foram elegíveis para o estudo. A associação entre os escores do Ki67 e outros fatores prognósticos, tais como tamanho do tumor, grau, status dos linfonodos axilares, invasão perineural e linfovascular, biomarcadores RE, RPg e HER-2 foram avaliados, além da análise de sobrevivência. Dos 134 pacientes, 53 tiveram recorrência da doença. O valor da mediana dos escores do Ki67 foi de 30% de todos os pacientes. Um total de 78 (58,25) dos pacientes tiverm escores alto do Ki67. A associação estatisticamente significante foi entre os escores altos do Ki67 com o grau histológico (p<0.001), subtipos moleculares (p<0.001), receptores de estrógeno (p=0.023) e receptores de progesterona (p=0.001). A sobrevida livre de doença em indivíduos com Ki67 alto e axila clinicamente negativa apresentou um menor tempo em meses em comparação com os indivíduos com escores do Ki67 baixo (p=0.049). / Biological markers are required to estimate the risk of disease recurrence in women with breast cancer. The Ki 67 is a cell proliferation marker and its predictive and prognostic value has been studied as an important marker in routine clinical practice. Our study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the intensity of Ki67 expression and involvement of axillary lymph nodes with metastases to the disease-free survival in women with breast cancer. This was a retrospective study and 134 patients were eligible for the study. The association between the scores of Ki67 and other prognostic factors such as tumor size, grade, status of axillary lymph nodes, perineural invasion and lymphovascular, in addition to biomarkers ER, PgR, and HER2 were evaluated, as well as survival analysis. Of the 134 patients, 53 have had recurrence of disease. The median value of Ki scores 67 was 30% of all patients. A total of 78 (58.25) of the patients had high scores Ki 67. A statistically significant association was between high scores of Ki67 with the histological grade, molecular subtypes of progesterone receptors estrogen receptors. A statistically significant association was between high scores of Ki67 with the histological grade (p <0.001), molecular subtypes (p <0.001), estrogen receptor (p = 0.023) and progesterone receptors (p = 0.001). The disease-free survival in patients with high Ki67 and clinically negative axilla had a shorter time in months compared to individuals with low Ki67 scores (p = 0.049).
4

"Significado prognóstico dos graus histológicos do linfoma de Hodgkin tipo esclerose nodular" / Prognostic significance of histopathological grading of nodular sclerosing Hodgkin´s lymphoma

Luis Fernando Pracchia 25 August 2005 (has links)
Com o objetivo de avaliar o significado prognóstico da graduação histológica do Linfoma de Hodgkin tipo Esclerose Nodular (LH EN), proposta pelo British National Lymphoma Investigation, realizamos um estudo retrospectivo que incluiu 69 casos de LH EN. Trinta e cinco casos (51%) foram classificados com EN grau I e 34 (49%) como EN grau II. Remissão completa após o tratamento inicial foi obtida em 85,7% dos casos de EN I e em 82,4% dos casos de EN II (p=0,75). A probabilidade estimada de sobrevida global em 5 anos foi de 67,0% para EN I e de 83,5% para EN II (p = 0,13) e a taxa de sobrevida livre de doença em 5 anos foi de 85,2% versus 87,0%, respectivamente (p = 0,72). Concluímos que a graduação histológica BNLI não esteve associada com o prognóstico do LH EN nesta população / In order to evaluate the prognostic significance of the British National Lymphoma Investigation histological grading system for Nodular Sclerosing Hodgkin´s Lymphoma (NS HL), we retrospectively studied 69 NS HL patients. Thirty five cases (51%) were classified as NS grade I and 34 (49%) as NS grade II. The complete remission rate after initial therapy was 85,7% in the NS I group and 82,4% in the NS II group (p=0,75). The predicted 5-year overall survival rate was 67,0% in the NS I patients and 83,5% in the NS II patients (p = 0,13). The predicted 5-year disease free survival rate for NSI and NSII patients was 85,2% and 87,0%, respectively (p = 0,72). Therefore, we concluded that the BNLI grading system was not associated with the prognosis of NS HL in this uniformly treated population
5

Sobrevida livre de doença e fatores associados em pacientes com câncer de mama não metastático

Wolp Diniz, Roberta 12 September 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-01-21T18:23:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 robertawolpdiniz.pdf: 1863742 bytes, checksum: 6c164077a0182789343f2f09aa65af87 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-01-25T18:48:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 robertawolpdiniz.pdf: 1863742 bytes, checksum: 6c164077a0182789343f2f09aa65af87 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-25T18:48:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 robertawolpdiniz.pdf: 1863742 bytes, checksum: 6c164077a0182789343f2f09aa65af87 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-12 / O câncer de mama é um problema de saúde pública, sendo o segundo mais frequente no mundo e o de maior incidência na população feminina, além de ser uma das principais causas de óbito por câncer em mulheres. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a sobrevida livre de doença (SLD) em cinco anos e fatores prognósticos em mulheres com câncer de mama invasivo não metastático diagnosticadas entre 2003 e 2005 e tratadas em centro de assistência oncológica de referência de cidade de porte médio do Sudeste do país. As pacientes foram identificadas através do registro hospitalar de câncer da instituição. O seguimento dos casos foi realizado através de consulta aos prontuários, complementado por busca no banco do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM) e contato telefônico. As variáveis analisadas foram distribuídas nos seguintes blocos: sociodemográficas (idade ao diagnóstico, cor da pele, grau de escolaridade, história familiar de câncer de mama, etc.), características relativas ao tumor (tamanho tumoral, comprometimento linfonodal, estadiamento, invasão neurovascular, grau tumoral, perfil imunohistoquímico, etc.), características relativas ao tratamento (tipo de cirurgia, realização de quimioterapia, radioterapia e hormonioterapia, completude do tratamento quimioterápico, tempo entre a cirurgia e terapia complementar, etc.). As funções de sobrevida foram calculadas por meio do método de Kaplan-Meier e o modelo de riscos proporcionais de Cox foi utilizado para avaliação dos fatores prognósticos. O estudo mostrou uma sobrevida livre de doença em cinco anos de 72% (IC95%: 67,6 – 75,9). As principais variáveis associadas à SLD, de forma independente, foram o comprometimento linfonodal, a realização de hormonioterapia e nível de escolaridade. Esse estudo mostrou a importância do diagnóstico precoce na SLD. Reforça-se ainda a relevância dessa pesquisa no país haja vista a escassez de estudos a respeito de SLD na população brasileira. / Breast cancer is a public health problem, being the second most common in the world and the highest incidence in the female population, in addition to being a major cause of death from cancer in this population overall. The aim of this study was to analyze the disease-free survival (DFS) at five years and prognostic factors in women with non metastatic invasive breast cancer diagnosed between 2003 and 2005 and treated at a referencial center of cancer care on a medium sized town of Southeast. Patients were identified using the medical records and data from the cancer registries of the institution. The follow up of the cases were performed using hospital records, supplemented by searching the database of the Mortality Information System (SIM) and telephone contact. The variables analyzed were: sociodemographic (age at diagnosis, race, education level, family history of breast cancer and presence of diagnostic mammography), related to tumor characteristics (size, lymph node involvement, stage, neurovascular invasion, tumor grade, immunohistochemical profile), characteristics related to treatment (type of surgery, use of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and hormone therapy, completion of chemotherapy, time between surgery and adjunctive therapy). Survival functions were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier model while the Cox proportional hazards method was used to evaluate prognostic factors. The study showed a disease-free survival at 60 months 72% (95% CI 67.6 to 75.9). The main variables associated with SLD, independently, were lymph node involvement, use of hormone therapy and degree of schooling. This study showed the importance of early diagnosis in DFS. This research is relevant due the lack of studies regarding the DFS at the Brazilian population.
6

Caracterização molecular de tumores de mama triplo-negativos com diferença de expressão de SPARC / Gene expression profiling of triple negative breast tumors with different expression of SPARC identify potential new prognosis biomarkers

Alcantara Filho, Paulo Roberto de 04 September 2017 (has links)
O câncer de mama triplo negativo (TNBC) é um dos tumores mais agressivos, muitas vezes resistentes à terapia sistêmica e com evolução para doença metastática. O entendimento de sua biologia e a concepção de novos tratamentos são essenciais para melhorar o seu prognóstico. Atualmente, as opções de tratamento são reduzidas e a quimioterapia ainda é o tratamento padrão. A expressão de SPARC (secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine) é supostamente alterada em várias doenças malignas. No entanto, pouco se sabe sobre o valor prognóstico do SPARC em pacientes com TNBC. Usando uma pequena coorte de descoberta de TNBC muito bem caracterizada em relação à expressão do SPARC e comportamento clínico, conseguimos identificar vários genes como diferencialmente expressos na comparação entre amostras de TNBC / SPARC negativo vs. TNBC / SPARC positivo. Cinco desses genes diferencialmente expressos, SOHLH2, DNAJC12, LIM-1, CEACAM-5 e CTAG1A foram escolhidos para serem validados por imuno-histoquímica (IHC) em tissue microarrays (TMAs) contendo uma coorte independente de TNBC. Para acessar o valor prognóstico desses potenciais novos biomarcadores, avaliamos a associação entre a expressão de IHC e os resultados das pacientes pela análise de Kaplan-Meier para a coorte de validação. Foi observado que a coloração negativa da expressão de SOHLH2 e coloração positiva de DNAJC12 e LIM1 mostrou uma tendência a ser correlacionada com um pior prognóstico tanto para a sobrevida livre de doença quanto para sobrevida global. Nossos resultados fornecem novas informações sobre alterações transcriptômicas associadas ao comportamento clínico de TNBC que podem servir como ferramenta potencial para a identificação e caracterização de novos biomarcadores candidatos como fatores prognósticos e preditivos para pacientes com TNBC no futuro / Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive, therapy-resistant, and metastatic tumors. Understanding of its biology and designing new treatments are essential to improve its prognosis. Currently, treatment options are reduced, and chemotherapy is still the standard treatment. SPARC (secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine) expression is reportedly altered in various malignancies. However, little is known regarding the prognostic value of SPARC in TNBC patients. Using a small discovered cohort of TNBC very well characterized regarding SPARC expression status and clinical behavior, we were able to identify several genes as differentially expressed in the comparison between TNBC/SPARC negative vs. TNBC/SPARC positive samples. Five of these differentially expressed genes, SOHLH2, DNAJC12, LIM, CEACAM-5 and CTAG1A were chosen to be validated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on tissue microarrays (TMAs) containing an independent cohort of TNBC. To access the prognostic value of these potential new biomarkers, we evaluated the association between the IHC expression and patient\'s outcomes by Kaplan-Meier analysis for the validation cohort. We found that negative staining of SOHLH2 expression and positive staining of DNAJC12 and LIM1 showed a trend to be correlated with a poor prognosis for both disease-free survival and overall survival. Our findings provide new information on transcriptome changes associated the clinical behavior of TNBC that may serve as a potential tool for the identification and characterization of new candidate biomarkers as prognostic and predictive factors for patients with TNBC in the future
7

Impacto da mamoplastia redutora contralateral, em pacientes com câncer de mama, na detecção de carcinoma oculto sincrônico e diminuição no risco de carcinoma metacrônico / Impact of the contralateral and reduction mammoplasty in patients with breast cancer, detection of occult and synchronistical carcinoma and reduction of the risk of the metachronic carcinoma

Marcos Desiderio Ricci 15 March 2005 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: O principal fator de risco para câncer de mama é o antecedente pessoal de câncer na mama contralateral. A mamoplastia redutora de finalidade estética, tem sido implicada com redução no risco para câncer de mama. A mamoplastia redutora contralateral de simetrização, em pacientes operadas por câncer, contribui no diagnóstico de lesões precursoras e carcinoma oculto. OBJETIVOS: Determinar a ocorrência de lesões precursoras e carcinoma oculto de mama, em pacientes submetidas a mamoplastia redutora de simetrização. Comparar estas pacientes, com um grupo controle de pacientes não submetidas a tal cirurgia, analisando o tempo de início da terapia adjuvante quimioterapia ou radioterapia -, tempo livre de doença e sobrevida total, taxa de ocorrência e fatores relacionados com o câncer metacrônico. MÉTODOS: Estudaram-se 249 mulheres com diagnóstico de carcinoma invasivo de mama não metastático, divididas em dois grupos. O grupo estudo, constituído por 114 mulheres submetidas a mamoplastia redutora contralateral, e o grupo controle, constituído por 135 pacientes não submetidas a esta cirurgia. Foram excluídas do estudo todas as pacientes que apresentaram lesões suspeitas na mama oposta, bem como aquelas com antecedente de mamoplastia redutora. RESULTADOS: As pacientes submetidas a mamoplastia redutora de simetrização tiveram diagnóstico de carcinoma invasivo oculto sincrônico em 1,8% dos casos, carcinoma ductal in situ em 2,6%, e lesões proliferativas atípicas em 14,9%. O tempo de início da terapia adjuvante não foi influenciado pela mamoplastia de simetrização (p=0,826). Nas pacientes submetidas a mamoplastia, o câncer contralateral metacrônico ocorreu em 1,8% dos casos, enquanto que no grupo controle em 6,7%, demonstrando indícios de associação entre mamoplastia redutora contralateral e redução na ocorrência de câncer metacrônico (p=0,094). O tempo livre de doença e sobrevida total não foi influenciado pela mamoplastia. Os fatores relacionados com maior ocorrência foram os antecedentes familiares e o diagnóstico do tumor contralateral em estádio inicial. A quimioterapia adjuvante esteve relacionada com diminuição da ocorrência. CONCLUSÕES: A mamoplastia redutora contralateral de simetrização oferece uma oportunidade de diagnóstico de lesões de risco, tumores in situ e invasivos, além de demonstrar indícios de redução da ocorrência de câncer metacrônico durante seguimento oncológico. / INTRODUCTION: The principal risk factor for breast cancer is a personal antecedent of contralateral breast cancer. A reduction mammoplasty has an esthetical purpose and implies in the reduction of the risk of breast cancer. The contralateral and reduction mammoplasty with simetrization in patients with cancer and submitted to surgeries, contributes for the diagnosis of precursor lesions and occult carcinoma. OBJECTIVES: Determine the occurrence of precursor lesions and breast occult carcinoma in patients submitted to reduction mammoplasty with simetrization. Compare these patients with a control group of patients that were not submitted to that type of surgery, analyzing the time of initiating of the adjuvant therapy (chemotherapy and radiotherapy), disease-free time and total survival, occurrence tax and factors related with metachronic cancer. METHODS: 249 women with diagnosis of non-metastatic invasive breast carcinoma were studied and divided in two groups. The studied group was constituted of 114 women, who were submitted to reduction and contralateral mammoplasty, and the control group constituted of 135 patients, who were not submitted to this type of surgery. All the patients suspected to have lesions on the contralateral breast were excluded from this study, as well as, those with antecedents of reduction mammoplasty. RESULTS: The patients submitted to reduction mammoplasty with simetrization had a diagnosis of an occult, synchronic and invasive carcinoma in 1.8% of the cases, ductal carcinoma in situ in 2.6%, and proliferative and atypical lesions were found in 14.9%. The time of initiating the adjuvant therapy had no influence with the mammoplasty of simetrization (p=0.826). Patients submitted to mammoplasty, metachronic contralateral cancer occurred in 1.8% of the cases, whereas the control group demonstrated in 6.7% evidencing association between contralateral and reduction mammoplasty of occurrence of metachronic cancer (p=0.094). The disease-free time of the disease and total survival was not influenced by the mammoplasty. The factors related with a greater occurrence were the familiar antecedents and the diagnosis of the contralateral tumor in initial stage. The adjuvant chemotherapy adjuvant was related with the reduction of the occurrence. CONCLUSIONS: The contralateral and reduction mammoplasty with simetrization gives an opportunity for diagnosis of risk lesions, in situ and invasive tumors, besides demonstrating evidences of reduction of metachronic cancer during the oncological follow-up.
8

Impacto da mamoplastia redutora contralateral, em pacientes com câncer de mama, na detecção de carcinoma oculto sincrônico e diminuição no risco de carcinoma metacrônico / Impact of the contralateral and reduction mammoplasty in patients with breast cancer, detection of occult and synchronistical carcinoma and reduction of the risk of the metachronic carcinoma

Ricci, Marcos Desiderio 15 March 2005 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: O principal fator de risco para câncer de mama é o antecedente pessoal de câncer na mama contralateral. A mamoplastia redutora de finalidade estética, tem sido implicada com redução no risco para câncer de mama. A mamoplastia redutora contralateral de simetrização, em pacientes operadas por câncer, contribui no diagnóstico de lesões precursoras e carcinoma oculto. OBJETIVOS: Determinar a ocorrência de lesões precursoras e carcinoma oculto de mama, em pacientes submetidas a mamoplastia redutora de simetrização. Comparar estas pacientes, com um grupo controle de pacientes não submetidas a tal cirurgia, analisando o tempo de início da terapia adjuvante quimioterapia ou radioterapia -, tempo livre de doença e sobrevida total, taxa de ocorrência e fatores relacionados com o câncer metacrônico. MÉTODOS: Estudaram-se 249 mulheres com diagnóstico de carcinoma invasivo de mama não metastático, divididas em dois grupos. O grupo estudo, constituído por 114 mulheres submetidas a mamoplastia redutora contralateral, e o grupo controle, constituído por 135 pacientes não submetidas a esta cirurgia. Foram excluídas do estudo todas as pacientes que apresentaram lesões suspeitas na mama oposta, bem como aquelas com antecedente de mamoplastia redutora. RESULTADOS: As pacientes submetidas a mamoplastia redutora de simetrização tiveram diagnóstico de carcinoma invasivo oculto sincrônico em 1,8% dos casos, carcinoma ductal in situ em 2,6%, e lesões proliferativas atípicas em 14,9%. O tempo de início da terapia adjuvante não foi influenciado pela mamoplastia de simetrização (p=0,826). Nas pacientes submetidas a mamoplastia, o câncer contralateral metacrônico ocorreu em 1,8% dos casos, enquanto que no grupo controle em 6,7%, demonstrando indícios de associação entre mamoplastia redutora contralateral e redução na ocorrência de câncer metacrônico (p=0,094). O tempo livre de doença e sobrevida total não foi influenciado pela mamoplastia. Os fatores relacionados com maior ocorrência foram os antecedentes familiares e o diagnóstico do tumor contralateral em estádio inicial. A quimioterapia adjuvante esteve relacionada com diminuição da ocorrência. CONCLUSÕES: A mamoplastia redutora contralateral de simetrização oferece uma oportunidade de diagnóstico de lesões de risco, tumores in situ e invasivos, além de demonstrar indícios de redução da ocorrência de câncer metacrônico durante seguimento oncológico. / INTRODUCTION: The principal risk factor for breast cancer is a personal antecedent of contralateral breast cancer. A reduction mammoplasty has an esthetical purpose and implies in the reduction of the risk of breast cancer. The contralateral and reduction mammoplasty with simetrization in patients with cancer and submitted to surgeries, contributes for the diagnosis of precursor lesions and occult carcinoma. OBJECTIVES: Determine the occurrence of precursor lesions and breast occult carcinoma in patients submitted to reduction mammoplasty with simetrization. Compare these patients with a control group of patients that were not submitted to that type of surgery, analyzing the time of initiating of the adjuvant therapy (chemotherapy and radiotherapy), disease-free time and total survival, occurrence tax and factors related with metachronic cancer. METHODS: 249 women with diagnosis of non-metastatic invasive breast carcinoma were studied and divided in two groups. The studied group was constituted of 114 women, who were submitted to reduction and contralateral mammoplasty, and the control group constituted of 135 patients, who were not submitted to this type of surgery. All the patients suspected to have lesions on the contralateral breast were excluded from this study, as well as, those with antecedents of reduction mammoplasty. RESULTS: The patients submitted to reduction mammoplasty with simetrization had a diagnosis of an occult, synchronic and invasive carcinoma in 1.8% of the cases, ductal carcinoma in situ in 2.6%, and proliferative and atypical lesions were found in 14.9%. The time of initiating the adjuvant therapy had no influence with the mammoplasty of simetrization (p=0.826). Patients submitted to mammoplasty, metachronic contralateral cancer occurred in 1.8% of the cases, whereas the control group demonstrated in 6.7% evidencing association between contralateral and reduction mammoplasty of occurrence of metachronic cancer (p=0.094). The disease-free time of the disease and total survival was not influenced by the mammoplasty. The factors related with a greater occurrence were the familiar antecedents and the diagnosis of the contralateral tumor in initial stage. The adjuvant chemotherapy adjuvant was related with the reduction of the occurrence. CONCLUSIONS: The contralateral and reduction mammoplasty with simetrization gives an opportunity for diagnosis of risk lesions, in situ and invasive tumors, besides demonstrating evidences of reduction of metachronic cancer during the oncological follow-up.
9

Caracterização molecular de tumores de mama triplo-negativos com diferença de expressão de SPARC / Gene expression profiling of triple negative breast tumors with different expression of SPARC identify potential new prognosis biomarkers

Paulo Roberto de Alcantara Filho 04 September 2017 (has links)
O câncer de mama triplo negativo (TNBC) é um dos tumores mais agressivos, muitas vezes resistentes à terapia sistêmica e com evolução para doença metastática. O entendimento de sua biologia e a concepção de novos tratamentos são essenciais para melhorar o seu prognóstico. Atualmente, as opções de tratamento são reduzidas e a quimioterapia ainda é o tratamento padrão. A expressão de SPARC (secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine) é supostamente alterada em várias doenças malignas. No entanto, pouco se sabe sobre o valor prognóstico do SPARC em pacientes com TNBC. Usando uma pequena coorte de descoberta de TNBC muito bem caracterizada em relação à expressão do SPARC e comportamento clínico, conseguimos identificar vários genes como diferencialmente expressos na comparação entre amostras de TNBC / SPARC negativo vs. TNBC / SPARC positivo. Cinco desses genes diferencialmente expressos, SOHLH2, DNAJC12, LIM-1, CEACAM-5 e CTAG1A foram escolhidos para serem validados por imuno-histoquímica (IHC) em tissue microarrays (TMAs) contendo uma coorte independente de TNBC. Para acessar o valor prognóstico desses potenciais novos biomarcadores, avaliamos a associação entre a expressão de IHC e os resultados das pacientes pela análise de Kaplan-Meier para a coorte de validação. Foi observado que a coloração negativa da expressão de SOHLH2 e coloração positiva de DNAJC12 e LIM1 mostrou uma tendência a ser correlacionada com um pior prognóstico tanto para a sobrevida livre de doença quanto para sobrevida global. Nossos resultados fornecem novas informações sobre alterações transcriptômicas associadas ao comportamento clínico de TNBC que podem servir como ferramenta potencial para a identificação e caracterização de novos biomarcadores candidatos como fatores prognósticos e preditivos para pacientes com TNBC no futuro / Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive, therapy-resistant, and metastatic tumors. Understanding of its biology and designing new treatments are essential to improve its prognosis. Currently, treatment options are reduced, and chemotherapy is still the standard treatment. SPARC (secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine) expression is reportedly altered in various malignancies. However, little is known regarding the prognostic value of SPARC in TNBC patients. Using a small discovered cohort of TNBC very well characterized regarding SPARC expression status and clinical behavior, we were able to identify several genes as differentially expressed in the comparison between TNBC/SPARC negative vs. TNBC/SPARC positive samples. Five of these differentially expressed genes, SOHLH2, DNAJC12, LIM, CEACAM-5 and CTAG1A were chosen to be validated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on tissue microarrays (TMAs) containing an independent cohort of TNBC. To access the prognostic value of these potential new biomarkers, we evaluated the association between the IHC expression and patient\'s outcomes by Kaplan-Meier analysis for the validation cohort. We found that negative staining of SOHLH2 expression and positive staining of DNAJC12 and LIM1 showed a trend to be correlated with a poor prognosis for both disease-free survival and overall survival. Our findings provide new information on transcriptome changes associated the clinical behavior of TNBC that may serve as a potential tool for the identification and characterization of new candidate biomarkers as prognostic and predictive factors for patients with TNBC in the future
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Total Neoadjuvant Therapy for Rectal Cancer in the CAO/ARO/AIO-12 Randomized Phase 2 Trial: Early Surrogate Endpoints Revisited

Diefenhardt, Markus, Schlenska-Lange, Anke, Kuhnt, Thomas, Kirste, Simon, Piso, Pompiliu, Bechstein, Wolf O., Hildebrandt, Guido, Ghadimi, Michael, Hofheinz, Ralf-Dieter, Rödel, Claus, Fokas, Emmanouil 30 October 2023 (has links)
Background: Early efficacy outcome measures in rectal cancer after total neoadjuvant treatment are increasingly investigated. We examined the prognostic role of pathological complete response (pCR), tumor regression grading (TRG) and neoadjuvant rectal (NAR) score for disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with rectal carcinoma treated within the CAO/ARO/AIO-12 randomized phase 2 trial. Methods: Distribution of pCR, TRG and NAR score was analyzed using the Pearson’s chi-squared test. Univariable analyses were performed using the log-rank test, stratified by treatment arm. Discrimination ability of non-pCR for DFS was assessed by analyzing the ROC curve as a function of time. Results: Of the 311 patients enrolled, 306 patients were evaluable (Arm A:156, ArmB:150). After a median follow-up of 43 months, the 3-year DFS was 73% in both groups (HR, 0.95, 95% CI, 0.63–1.45, p = 0.82). pCR tended to be higher in Arm B (17% vs. 25%, p = 0.086). In both treatment arms, pCR, TRG and NAR were significant prognostic factors for DFS, whereas survival in subgroups defined by pCR, TRG or NAR did not significantly differ between the treatment arms. The discrimination ability of non-pCR for DFS remained constant over time (C-Index 0.58) but was slightly better in Arm B (0.61 vs. 0.56). Conclusion: Although pCR, TRG and NAR were strong prognostic factors for DFS in the CAO/ARO/AIO-12 trial, their value in selecting one TNT approach over another could not be confirmed. Hence, the conclusion of a long-term survival benefit of one treatment arm based on early surrogate endpoints should be stated with caution.

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