A população idosa possui alta prevalência de edentulismo e, conseqüentemente, é afetada por problemas a ele associados. A perda da dimensão vertical de oclusão (DVO) é um destes problemas que compromete o desempenho do sistema estomatognático. Logo, doenças relacionadas ao colapso da musculatura, como a síndrome da apnéia obstrutiva do sono (SAOS), tornam-se enfermidades relevantes para pacientes nesta faixa etária. Sendo assim, medidas terapêuticas eficazes e de baixo custo, como a utilização de um dispositivo intraoral (DIO) para liberação do fluxo aéreo, devem ser empregadas contribuindo para a qualidade do sono destes pacientes. A intenção deste estudo foi avaliar a efetividade subjetiva e objetiva do aumento da DVO, em 19 pacientes idosos, portadores de próteses totais (PTs) bimaxilares, antes e depois da terapia com o dispositivo intraoral (DIO), especialmente desenvolvido para aumentar a DVO, sem provocar avanço mandibular. Para isso, questionários de rastreamento da qualidade do sono e polissonografias foram realizadas, em três momentos distintos: momento basal sem PTs, momento com PTs e momento com DIO. Concluiu-se que o DIO testado pode contribuir para uma melhor qualidade de sono dos pacientes e dos parceiros do sono, na medida em que levou à diminuição significativa do ronco e elevada preferência pelo uso do DIO para dormir. No entanto, a utilização do DIO, para esta amostra, não melhorou significativamente os parâmetros polissonográficos em relação ao momento basal (sem prótese) e, portanto, não pode ser indicado como tratamento para a SAOS. Assim sendo, novos estudos envolvendo análise do diâmetro da via aérea superior (VAS) e efeitos colaterais são necessários, para terapia de SAOS, em pacientes portadores de PTs bimaxilares. / There is a high prevalence of edentulism and problems associated to it in the elderly population. A decrease in occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) is one of such problems which hinder the stomatognathic system. Therefore, it is important to investigate disorders associated with the weakening of musculature, such as the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), in such patients. Therapeutic measures of low cost and high efficacy, such as intraoral devices (ID), are needed in order to remove the obstruction of airway flow and improve the patients sleep quality. The present study aimed to assess the subjective and objective effectiveness of an ID, specially designed to increase OVD avoiding mandibular protrusion, in 19 elderly patients who wore upper and lower full dentures (FD), before and after therapy. For this purpose, sleep quality was analyzed using questionnaires and polysomnography at three distinct moments: baseline without FDs, with FDs, and with ID. It was possible to conclude that the ID tested can contribute to the improvement of the quality of sleep in patients as well as in their partners, as it significantly decreased snoring; the participants referred that they preferred to use the ID to sleep. However, the use of ID in this sample of people did not significantly improve the parameters assessed in polysomnography, when compared to the baseline (without FDs) and, therefore, should not be used as treatment for OSAS. Thus, further studies are needed in order to better evaluate dimensions of the upper airways as well as side effects for OSAS therapy in patients who wear upper and lower FDs.

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Objectifs : L’objectif principal de cette étude est d’établir si la santé parodontale des femmes enceintes ayant un DG est moindre que celle des femmes enceintes sans DG. L’objectif secondaire est d’évaluer l’association entre la fréquence et l’intensité du ronflement avec la santé parodontale chez les femmes enceintes ayant un DG. Méthodologie : Une étude de type cas-contrôle a été conduite parmi des femmes enceintes suivies au CHU Sainte-Justine. Le diagnostic de DG a été recueilli dans le dossier médical des participantes. Le volet 1 de l’étude incluait des mesures autorapportées par des questionnaires. Un sous-groupe de femmes enceintes était ensuite invité au volet 2 qui incluait un examen buccal permettant d’évaluer la santé parodontale des participantes. Les associations entre le DG et le ronflement, l’apnée obstructive du sommeil (AOS) et les maladies parodontales ont été évaluées à l’aide d’analyses bivariées. Résultats : Douze femmes enceintes avec DG et 85 femmes enceintes sans DG ont rempli les questionnaires du volet 1. De ces femmes, trois avec DG et sept sans DG ont participé au volet 2. Les femmes enceintes avec le DG étaient moins nombreuses à travailler à temps plein (p=0.032), avaient un revenu individuel (p=0.039) et familial (p=0.050) plus faible, faisaient moins d’activité physique (p=0.004) et allaient moins chez le dentiste (p=0.002) que les femmes enceintes sans DG. Il n’y avait pas de différence statistiquement significative entre les deux groupes pour le ronflement, l’AOS et les maladies parodontales. Conclusions : Les résultats préliminaires de l’étude n’ont pas établi si la santé parodontale des femmes enceintes avec DG est moindre ni démontré une association avec les troubles respiratoires obstructifs du sommeil. Pour atteindre les objectifs de l’étude, l’augmentation de la taille d’échantillon prévue à n=200 est requise. / Introduction Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects one in six pregnancies worldwide. Several short- and long-term complications affecting the mother and child can result from GDM. A few studies have shown a positive association between periodontal disease and GDM. Periodontal disease is also associated with adverse effects on pregnancy. In addition to potentially affecting fetal health and maternal insulin resistance, periodontal diseases are associated with obstructive sleep-disordered breathing. However, the relationship between these two entities in the context of GDM has not yet been studied. Objectives: The primary objective of this study is to establish whether the periodontal health of pregnant women with GDM is less than the one of pregnant women without GDM. The secondary objective is to assess the association between snoring frequency and intensity with periodontal health in pregnant women with GDM. Methodology: A case-control study was conducted among pregnant women followed at Sainte-Justine Hospital. The diagnosis of GDM was collected from the participants' medical records. The first phase of the study included self-reported measures by questionnaires. A subgroup of pregnant women was then invited to a second clinical phase. This included an oral examination to assess the participants' periodontal health. The associations between GDM and snoring, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and periodontal disease were evaluated using bivariate analyses. Results: Twelve pregnant women with GDM and 85 pregnant women without GDM completed the questionnaires in the first phase of the study. Of these women, three with GDM and seven without GDM participated in the second phase. Pregnant women with GDM worked less full-time (p=0.032), had lower individual (p=0.039) and family (p=0.050) income, engaged in less physical activity (p=0.004), and went to the dentist less often (p=0.002) than pregnant women without GDM. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups for snoring, OSA and periodontal disease. Conclusions: Preliminary results of the study did not establish whether periodontal health in pregnant women with GDM is poorer, nor did they demonstrate an association with obstructive sleep-disordered breathing. To achieve the study objectives, the increase in sample size to n=200 is required.