Thesis (MSc (Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Veterinary Science))--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print format.

No description available.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1958. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 75-80).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. / Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on December 22, 2006). "May 2006" The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Includes bibliographical references.

Resumo:A disfunção mitocondrial está associada com a manifestação e com a origem de doenças e distúrbios metabólitos. Um novo paradigma complementa um dogma recente relacionado com esta função, onde moléculas presentes no meio extra ou intra-mitocondrial podem atuar como reguladores da resposta imunológica nata, decorrente de um estresse e/ou de uma infecção. O vírus da cinomose canina é responsável por um quadro de depleção quando se encontra em fase de produção viral, principalmente nas células imunocompetentes. Neste sentido, células mononucleares de sangue periférico canino (CMPC) foram coletadas de cães saudáveis, cultivadas e infectadas pela estirpe vacinal CDV (Onderstepoort). Após 24h post-infection (p.i.), as enzimas superóxido dismutase 1 (SOD1), proteína antioxidante 1 (AOP-1) e estresse térmico 70 (Hsp-70) foram detectadas pela reação de imunofluorescência. A expressão do mRNA dos respectivos genes foi realizada em CMPC CDV+ e CDV - após 24h de infecção com a reação em cadeia da ™ polimerase em tempo real. As sondas fluorescentes JC-1 e MitoTracker Green foram utilizadas para avaliar potencial de membrana e função mitocondrial, respectivamente. A estirpe vacinal induziu a perda da viabilidade em mais de 80% das células infectadas em comparação ao grupo controle (p = 0,001) após 24 h. A permeabilidade da membrana mitocondrial (Δψ) detectada pelo uso da sonda MitoTracker™Green e JC-1 revelou um aumento da Δψ e da atividade mitocondrial no grupo CDV + (p = 0,0012) em comparação com as CMPC não infectadas. Em contraste, a expressão do mRNA dos genes AOP-1 e SOD1 foram considerados superiores, enquanto o Hsp-70 não apresentou diferença na sua expressão nos grupos CDV + e CDV-. As CMPC infectadas pelo CDV aumentaram a transcrição dos genes AOP-1 e SOD1, uma defesa antioxidante celular, concomitante com a redução de viabilidade...(resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract:itochondrial dysfunction is associated with the manifestation and origin of diseases and disorders. The new paradigm complements the current mitochondrial dogma, whereby molecules present on or inside the mitochondria may act as immune regulators in response to stress or pathogens. Canine distemper virus infection (CDV) is responsible to immunosuppressive stage when the virus replicates among immune cells. For this purpose, canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) collected from healthy dogs were cultured and infected by CDV vaccine strain (Onderstepoort) and after 24 h post-infection (p.i.) superoxide dismutase (SOD1), antioxidant like protein 1 (AOP-1) and heat shock protein 70 (Hsp-70) enzymes were search in PBMC by immunofluorescence. The expression of mRNA of respective genes was performed in infected and uninfected canine PBMC at 24 h post-infection by real time polymerase chain reaction. Mitochondrial dysfunction was evaluated by the use of MitoTracker™Green and JC-1 probes at the same post-infection time. The vaccine strain induced loss of PBMC viability in more than 80% of infected cells in comparison to control group (p<0.001) at 24h post-infection. The mitochondrial membrane permeability (Δψ) searched by MitoTracker™ Green and JC-1 probes revealed an increase of Δψ in the CDV + group (p<0.0012) in comparison to uninfected PBMC. In contrast, the expression of mRNA of AOP-1 and SOD 1 were considered higher, whereas the Hsp-70 has no difference in its expression between CDV+ and CDV- groups. PBMC infected by CDV increased AOP-1 and SOD1 gene transcription, an antioxidant cell defense, concomitant to a reduce level of PBMC viability. The viral replication also seems to regulate mitochondrial function by modify the membrane potential. However, at this point, host cells have developed an defense producing mediators related to protect against oxidative insult. This is the first... / Orientador: Tereza Cristina Cardoso da Silva / Banca: Vera Cláudia Lorenzetti Magalhães Curci / Banca: Roberto Gameiro Carvalho / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-09T12:28:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-01-21Bitstream added on 2015-04-09T12:48:05Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000814238.pdf: 438890 bytes, checksum: f7cc8219db858e87f195b5d08dbb8b04 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / itochondrial dysfunction is associated with the manifestation and origin of diseases and disorders. The new paradigm complements the current mitochondrial dogma, whereby molecules present on or inside the mitochondria may act as immune regulators in response to stress or pathogens. Canine distemper virus infection (CDV) is responsible to immunosuppressive stage when the virus replicates among immune cells. For this purpose, canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) collected from healthy dogs were cultured and infected by CDV vaccine strain (Onderstepoort) and after 24 h post-infection (p.i.) superoxide dismutase (SOD1), antioxidant like protein 1 (AOP-1) and heat shock protein 70 (Hsp-70) enzymes were search in PBMC by immunofluorescence. The expression of mRNA of respective genes was performed in infected and uninfected canine PBMC at 24 h post-infection by real time polymerase chain reaction. Mitochondrial dysfunction was evaluated by the use of MitoTracker™Green and JC-1 probes at the same post-infection time. The vaccine strain induced loss of PBMC viability in more than 80% of infected cells in comparison to control group (p<0.001) at 24h post-infection. The mitochondrial membrane permeability (Δψ) searched by MitoTracker™ Green and JC-1 probes revealed an increase of Δψ in the CDV + group (p<0.0012) in comparison to uninfected PBMC. In contrast, the expression of mRNA of AOP-1 and SOD 1 were considered higher, whereas the Hsp-70 has no difference in its expression between CDV+ and CDV- groups. PBMC infected by CDV increased AOP-1 and SOD1 gene transcription, an antioxidant cell defense, concomitant to a reduce level of PBMC viability. The viral replication also seems to regulate mitochondrial function by modify the membrane potential. However, at this point, host cells have developed an defense producing mediators related to protect against oxidative insult. This is the first... / FAPESP: 2012/06897-0

Studies comparing canine distemper virus (CDV) strains from Africa with that of previously described lineages have been hampered due to a lack of field strains for in vitro experiments. There are no reports of CDV isolations in southern Africa, and although CDV is said to have geographically distinct lineages, molecular information of African strains has not yet been documented. Clinical specimens consisting of whole blood, spleen, lungs, brain and cerebrospinal fluid from dogs with clinical signs suggestive of distemper were obtained from private veterinary practices and diagnostic laboratories in Gauteng province, South Africa. One hundred and sixty two specimens from 124 dogs were inoculated into Vero cells expressing canine signalling lymphocyte activation molecule (Vero.DogSLAM). Cytopathic effects (CPE) in the form of syncytia formation and cell necrosis were observed in 33 (20.4%) specimens within 24 hours of inoculation and the presence of CDV was confirmed with the aid of the direct fluorescent antibody test and electronmicroscopy (EM). Viruses isolated in cell cultures were subjected to reverse transcription – polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the complete H gene was sequenced and phylogenetically analysed with other strains from GenBank. The animals all displayed the catarrhal, systemic, or nervous signs of the disease. Four of the dogs positive for CDV by viral isolation had a history of prior vaccinations to canine distemper. Seventy three percent of all positive dogs were less than 12 months old. There was no breed or sex predisposition to CDV infection in domestic dogs. Phylogenetic comparisons of the complete H gene of CDV isolates from different parts of the world (available in GenBank) with wild-type South African isolates revealed nine clades. All South African isolates form a separate African clade of their own and thus are clearly separated from the American, European, Asian, Arctic and vaccine virus clades. It is likely that only the ‘African lineage’ of CDV may be circulating in South Africa currently, and the viruses isolated from dogs vaccinated against CDV are not the result of reversion to virulence of vaccine strains, but infection with wild-type strains. Copyright / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Veterinary Tropical Diseases / unrestricted

No description available.

The higher proximity among humans, domestic animals and wildlife favours disease spill-over both from wildlife to domestic animals and vice versa, which is a potential risk for the extinction of wildlife populations and could be influencing the emergence and/or re-emergence of zoonotic diseases. The domestic dog (Canis familiaris) is the most abundant and widely distributed carnivore worldwide and is known to be carrying many infectious diseases. Among these diseases, domestic dogs are known to be source of canine distemper virus (CDV), canine parvovirus (CPV) and Echinococcus granulosus to wild carnivores and human being. Populations of domestic dogs inhabiting urban areas can be the source of infection of directly transmitted pathogens, since in these areas a high density of domestic dogs can facilitate the maintenance of these infections to both domestic and wild carnivore populations. In addition, the knowledge of the diseases present in the domestic dog populations in close proximity to wildlife is essential for conservation planning and for control of both zoonotic diseases and diseases of conservation concern. This thesis explores the effect of urbanization on the epidemiology of CDV, CPV, and E granulosus in domestic dogs and wild carnivores of the Coquimbo region of Chile as for example, chilla (L. griseus) and culpeo (L. culpaeus) foxes and assess the risk factors that could be facilitate disease transmission between canid inhabiting urban and rural areas. The first of the chapters containing original data, Chapter 3, describe the demography of dogs in the study area, indicating that urban sites have a greater population and a higher density of domestic dogs, a high growth rate and therefore a high turnover of susceptible than rural areas, which can be of relevance for the differences in diseases transmission patterns between these sites. Chapter 4 describe the degree of interaction between wild and domestic carnivores and its effect on interespecific disease transmission; indicating that in the study area there are many opportunities for domestic/wild carnivores interactions, as for example livestock predation by carnivores, by approaching to peridomestic environments, facilitating in this scenario the transmission of CDV, CPV and also E. granulosus by predating on livestock contaminated with cyst echinococcosis. Chapter 5 indicate that urban areas hold domestic dog populations with higher CDV seroprevalence than rural sites and probably these areas are the source of infection to rural sites. In contrast, a more stable CPV seroprevalence was found between urban and rural areas, indicating that possibly this pathogen follow an endemic state across the study area. Chapter 6 describe the factors for E. granulosus prevalence in domestic dogs, livestock and human being, suggesting that more cases of E. granulosus in livestock and in humans are found in provinces of the Coquimbo region with higher percentage of rural population; however, and unexpectedly, more cases of E. granulosus in domestic dogs were found in urban areas, although analysis of risk factors indicated that those domestic dogs inhabiting in the borders of urban areas, were at greater risk of being infected with E. granulosus than those in the centre of these areas. The results of this study exemplify how three pathogens are found in urban areas which can be source of infection to domestic and wild carnivores in the study area.

Submitted by Rosivalda Pereira (mrs.pereira@ufma.br) on 2017-07-19T19:19:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MylenaTorres.pdf: 2864310 bytes, checksum: a7111bcb49d38339665fb9a2f9ef7055 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-19T19:19:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MylenaTorres.pdf: 2864310 bytes, checksum: a7111bcb49d38339665fb9a2f9ef7055 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-27 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão (FAPEMA) / Canine distemper and ehrlichiosis are two diseases affecting dogs, which have neurological symptomatology. The former is a contagious viral disease, with a high incidence and mortality that affects dogs and other canids; the latter is a bacterial disease highly frequent. The treatment of neurological diseases is based on drug administration, which may act both on etiologic agent as reducing the progression of the disease; or on supportive therapy, in cases of canine distemper. Looking for an alternative treatment for diseases with neurological conditions, low-cost, easy to administrate and with satisfactory effects in the remission of clinical signs, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Morinda citrifolia (noni) in the treatment of dogs with neurological symptoms caused by canine distemper virus and Ehrlichia canis. To evaluate the effect of M. citrifolia vegetable drug in animals with ehrlichiosis, ten animals were used, divided into two groups, one treated with the standard drug, doxycycline (10 mg/kg, BID, orally) and complex B vitamins (0.2 mg/kg, BID, orally), and the other treated with the experimental protocol (500 mg of M. citrifolia vegetable drug, SID, orally). Thirty days post-treatment, blood collection was made to evaluate hematological parameters. Although noni has led to the improvement of these parameters, especially platelets, animals did not show clinical cure, which demonstrated its inefficacy in the treatment of ehrlichiosis. To evaluate the effect of the vegetable drug in animals with canine distemper, fifteen animals were used, divided into two groups, one treated with the conventional drugs and the other with the experimental protocol. After thirty days, was observed that the animals treated with noni showed remission of clinical signs, demonstrating its efficacy against distemper neurological signs. As the last step of this work, were assessed the lesions in the central nervous system of dogs in an advanced stage of distemper, which were euthanized. Several brain areas of seven dogs were collected (cerebellum, rostral colliculus, caudal colliculus, obex, cerebellar peduncle and telencephalon), to perform histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. In histopathological analysis was observed that the cerebellar peduncle was the most affected area and that inflammation and demyelination were the major findings. Immunohistochemistry confirmed histopathological results, with markings in all areas of the brain and, contrary to the literature; neurons were the cells that presented more viral particles. / A cinomose e erliquiose são duas doenças que acometem cães e que possuem sintomatologia neurológica. A primeira é uma doença viral contagiosa, de alta incidência e mortalidade, que acomete cães domésticos e várias espécies de carnívoros; já a segunda é de origem bacteriana, que apresenta alta frequência em cães. O tratamento de doenças neurológicas é baseado na administração de fármacos, que podem atuar tanto no agente etiológico como na diminuição da progressão da doença; ou na terapia de suporte, no caso da cinomose. Visando tratamentos alternativos para as doenças com quadros neurológicos, que sejam de baixo custo, fácil administração e com efeitos satisfatórios na remissão dos sinais clínicos, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a eficácia de Morinda citrifolia (noni) no tratamento de cãescom sintomatologia neurológica causada pelo vírus da cinomose e pela Ehrlichia canis. Para avaliação do efeito da droga vegetal de M. citrifolia em cães com erliquiose, foram utilizados 10 cães, divididos em dois grupos, um tratado com a droga padrão doxiciclina (10 mg/kg, BID/PO) e complexo de vitaminas B (0,2 mg/kg, BID/PO), e outro tratado com o protocolo experimental (500 mg da droga vegetal de M. citrifolia, SID/PO). Após trinta dias, foi realizada coleta de sangue para avaliação dos parâmetros hematológicos. Foi observado que, embora o noni tenha levado à melhora dos parâmetros hematimétricos, principalmente das plaquetas, os animais não apresentaram cura clínica da doença, o que demonstrou a sua ineficácia no tratamento da erliquiose. Para a avaliação da droga vegetal de M. citrifolia em animais com cinomose, foram utilizados 15 animais, divididos em dois grupos, um tratado com as medicações convencionais e outro com o protocolo experimental. Após trinta dias, foi observado que os animais tratados com noni apresentaram remissão dos sinais clínicos, demonstrando sua eficácia no combate aos sinais neurológicos da cinomose. Como última etapa deste trabalho, buscou-se avaliar as lesões no sistema nervoso de cães com estado avançado de cinomose, que foram submetidos à eutanásia. Foram coletadas várias áreas do encéfalo de 7 cães (cerebelo, colículo rostral, colículo caudal, obex, pedúnculo cerebelar e telencéfalo) para análises histopatológicas e imunohistoquímicas. Após avaliação histopatológica, foi observado que a área mais afetada foi o pedúnculo cerebelar, e os principais achados foram processo inflamatório e desmielinização. A imunohistoquímica confirmou os resultados histopatológicos, com marcações em todas as áreas do encéfalo e, contrariando a literatura os neurônios foram as células que apresentaram mais marcações virais.