O presente trabalho tem por finalidade analisar o problema do financiamento das empresas em crise no Brasil e a disciplina a ele conferida pela Lei n. 11.101/05, com enfoque no procedimento de recuperação judicial. Após uma breve análise das diversas causas da crise empresarial e de possíveis medidas saneadoras preliminares, inicia-se a discussão das premissas constitucionais do tratamento das empresas em dificuldade no Brasil e dos objetivos da lei falimentar em geral, para então ingressar nas soluções adotadas pelo direito brasileiro. Em seguida, tem início o escrutínio do tema central proposto, com destaque para seu escopo e importância, além da identificação dos meios, agentes e modalidades relacionados ao financiamento das empresas em dificuldade. Apresentado um sucinto panorama da matéria no direito estrangeiro, investiga-se o tema à luz do ordenamento pátrio, numa abordagem teórica e prática do financiamento das empresas em crise no Brasil e seus limitadores, assim como possíveis alternativas para mitigá-los. O problema é tratado, ainda, sob a perspectiva da governança corporativa e, por derradeiro, vislumbra-se sua eventual adoção na falência, com escoro no princípio da preservação da empresa, passando-se à conclusão. / The present work has the aim of analyzing the problem of financing for distressed companies in Brazil and the discipline granted to it by Law no. 11.101/05, with focus on the judicial reorganization procedure. After a brief analysis of the various causes of corporate crisis and the possible preliminary aid measures, a debate commences on the constitutional premises of the treatment of distressed companies in Brazil and the goals of bankruptcy law in general, after which the solutions adopted by Brazilian Law are examined. Next, the scrutiny of the proposed theme begins, with emphasis on its scope and importance, as well as the identification of the means, participants and categories related to the financing for companies in difficulties. After the presentation of a brief overview of the matter in foreign law, the same is investigated in light of the national legal system, under a theoretical and practical approach of financing for distressed companies in Brazil and its constraints, as well as the possible alternatives to mitigate them. In addition, the problem is treated from the perspective of the corporate governance and, last, a glimpse is taken into its eventual adoption in liquidation processes, with support in the principle of preservation of the company, culminating with the conclusion.

O presente trabalho analisará o tratamento concedido pela Lei 11.101/2005 na disciplina da alienação de estabelecimento no âmbito do processo de recuperação judicial previsão contida no art. 60 da Lei-, especificamente a importância do trespasse como etapa do plano de salvamento da empresa. Para alcançar este fim, primeiro revisamos alguns conceitos chaves, como patrimônio, estabelecimento e sucessão e o regime legal a que estão submetidos no ordenamento brasileiro, bem como similitudes com legislações estrangeiras. Para além de uma interpretação literal, buscamos abordar o tema através de uma perspectiva finalística e suas implicações econômicas, nos valendo da metodologia da Análise Econômica do Direito. A dissertação está fundada na premissa que a crise econômico-financeira da empresa não se restringe à relação devedor-credores, mas repercute fortemente no mercado justificando, por esta razão, uma visão mais abrangente do problema e a busca de soluções que escapam ao regime comum da disciplina de alienação do estabelecimento, especialmente no tocante à sucessão trabalhista e tributária. A dissertação utilizou precedentes judiciais com a finalidade de demonstrar a interpretação corrente do dispositivo pelos tribunais e sua repercussão perante os agentes de mercado. / The present work will examine the treatment accorded by Law 11.101/2005 concerning the discipline of business transfer under the judicial reorganization provision contained in article 60 of the Law- particularly the importance of business transfer as a step in the company´s rescue plan. In order to achieve this, some key concepts are first reviewed, such as estate, business and successor liabilities, and the legal regime to which they are submitted in the Brazilian system, as well as the similarities with foreign legislation. In addition to a literal interpretation, the issue is addressed through a teleological perspective and its economic implications, using the Economic Analysis of Law. This dissertation is based on the premise that financial economic crisis is not confined to the debtor-creditor relationship, but strongly affects the market, justifying a more comprehensive view of the problem and search for solutions that escape the ordinary rules of asset sale, especially with respect to labor and tax succession liabilities. The dissertation includes judicial precedents in order to demonstrate the current interpretation of the provision by the courts and its impact on market players.

O presente trabalho analisará o tratamento concedido pela Lei 11.101/2005 na disciplina da alienação de estabelecimento no âmbito do processo de recuperação judicial previsão contida no art. 60 da Lei-, especificamente a importância do trespasse como etapa do plano de salvamento da empresa. Para alcançar este fim, primeiro revisamos alguns conceitos chaves, como patrimônio, estabelecimento e sucessão e o regime legal a que estão submetidos no ordenamento brasileiro, bem como similitudes com legislações estrangeiras. Para além de uma interpretação literal, buscamos abordar o tema através de uma perspectiva finalística e suas implicações econômicas, nos valendo da metodologia da Análise Econômica do Direito. A dissertação está fundada na premissa que a crise econômico-financeira da empresa não se restringe à relação devedor-credores, mas repercute fortemente no mercado justificando, por esta razão, uma visão mais abrangente do problema e a busca de soluções que escapam ao regime comum da disciplina de alienação do estabelecimento, especialmente no tocante à sucessão trabalhista e tributária. A dissertação utilizou precedentes judiciais com a finalidade de demonstrar a interpretação corrente do dispositivo pelos tribunais e sua repercussão perante os agentes de mercado. / The present work will examine the treatment accorded by Law 11.101/2005 concerning the discipline of business transfer under the judicial reorganization provision contained in article 60 of the Law- particularly the importance of business transfer as a step in the company´s rescue plan. In order to achieve this, some key concepts are first reviewed, such as estate, business and successor liabilities, and the legal regime to which they are submitted in the Brazilian system, as well as the similarities with foreign legislation. In addition to a literal interpretation, the issue is addressed through a teleological perspective and its economic implications, using the Economic Analysis of Law. This dissertation is based on the premise that financial economic crisis is not confined to the debtor-creditor relationship, but strongly affects the market, justifying a more comprehensive view of the problem and search for solutions that escape the ordinary rules of asset sale, especially with respect to labor and tax succession liabilities. The dissertation includes judicial precedents in order to demonstrate the current interpretation of the provision by the courts and its impact on market players.

Pour répondre à leur difficulté financière, les sociétés commerciales doivent mettre en place des mesures de financement en vue de surmonter les obstacles qu’elles rencontrent. La présente thèse ne porte uniquement que sur le droit du financement des sociétés commerciales en difficulté, sur la possibilité pour ces dernières d'assurer leur sauvetage/rebond dans un contexte financier difficile. Ces dernières disposent de solutions financières qui sont communes aux autres débiteurs. La société commerciale en difficulté est un des débiteurs concernés par les articles L620-1 et L631-2 du Code de commerce et peut donc bénéficier des mesures du droit des entreprises en difficulté qui sont négociées par le dirigeant et/ou son conseil ou bien imposées par le tribunal de la procédure en fonction du contexte. La structure sociale est également une personne juridique avec un régime juridique propre qui s’efface au bénéfice des dispositions du Livre VI du Code de commerce relatives aux procédures préventives et curatives du droit des entreprises en difficulté. C’est pourquoi il existe des outils de financement réservés uniquement aux sociétés commerciales en difficulté. Les mesures permettant de financer ou refinancer une société commerciale ont évolué et continuent d’évoluer pour s’adapter aux innovations juridiques tout en assurant le respect de tous les intérêts en présence / In order to solve their financial difficulties, trading companies need to put in place funding measures to overcome the obstacles they may face. The present thesis discuss about with the financing of trading companies in difficulty, the law applicable and the possibility for them to ensure their rescue/rebound in a difficult financial context. They have financial solutions that are common to other debtors. The distressed trading company is one of the debtors concerned by articles L620-1 and L631-2 of the Commercial code and can therefore benefit from the measures of the insolvency law which are negotiated by the manager and/or his council or imposed by the court depending on the context. The social structure is also a legal person with its own legal regime which is erased to the benefit of the provisions of the Commercial code relating to the preventive and curative proceedings of insolvency law. That is why there are financing tools reserved only for distressed commercial companies. The measures to finance or refinance a trading company have evolved and continue to evolve to adapt to legal innovations while ensuring respect for all interests in the presence

This research mainly tries to confirm the relationship between distress risk and stock returns in the Taiwan market. According to three factor theory raised by Fama-French (1992), the higher book-to-market ratio brings higher stock returns because of the higher distress risk, and also mentioned about the three significant factors in explaining expected stock return: risk, firm size, and book-to-market ratio (here replace it with price-to-book ratio). There are many studies had proved that high risk accompanies high expected stock return, but some other obtained the contrary outcome. It still depends on different characteristics of enterprises, industries, and countries. Following other researches, this paper use ¡§Z-Score¡¨ bankruptcy prediction model as the proxy of distress risk, and take the subsequent realized stock returns of the distress publicly-traded firms as a proxy of systematic risk. As it may be doubted of using Z-Score in the Taiwan stock market, this research add ¡§TCRI¡¨ to compare with. ¡§TCRI¡¨ is the credit rating score raised by Taiwan Economic Journal (TEJ). Because of the same results of rating on sample companies, it supported the application of Z-Score in Taiwan stock market. In analyzing the relationship between distress risk and stock return, this research find that firm size, distress risk and price-to-book ratio effect are significant enough to explain the expected stock return,(although distress risk and price-to-book ratio are only significant in Y-3) similar to the findings of Fazilah Samad (2009) et al. This research also found that the theoretical expectation of the size effect on distress risk does not hold in the case of the Taiwan distress publicly-traded firms, but price-to-market ratio (PB ratio) does. Unlike the findings of Fazilah Samad (2009) et al. and Griffin and Lemmon (2002), the outcome shows that there is a significant inverse relationship between PB ratio and distress risk, similar to the theory and our original expectation. It directly proved that the lower PB ratio brings higher distress risk in Taiwan market, but inconclusive to deduce that it also brings higher stock return. Meanwhile, this research tries to find out if there is a difference between distress companies and most distress companies. Besides of firm size, there is no significant difference between these two groups, and they are similar as it was closer to distress happened. Although there is not significant relationship between three factors and stock return, this study reveals the decreasing trend of financial performance among those distress firms before facing distress circumstances. It shows again that Z-Score is suitable for Taiwan market although our sample companies including manufacturing and non-manufacturing companies.

O presente trabalho tem por finalidade analisar o problema do financiamento das empresas em crise no Brasil e a disciplina a ele conferida pela Lei n. 11.101/05, com enfoque no procedimento de recuperação judicial. Após uma breve análise das diversas causas da crise empresarial e de possíveis medidas saneadoras preliminares, inicia-se a discussão das premissas constitucionais do tratamento das empresas em dificuldade no Brasil e dos objetivos da lei falimentar em geral, para então ingressar nas soluções adotadas pelo direito brasileiro. Em seguida, tem início o escrutínio do tema central proposto, com destaque para seu escopo e importância, além da identificação dos meios, agentes e modalidades relacionados ao financiamento das empresas em dificuldade. Apresentado um sucinto panorama da matéria no direito estrangeiro, investiga-se o tema à luz do ordenamento pátrio, numa abordagem teórica e prática do financiamento das empresas em crise no Brasil e seus limitadores, assim como possíveis alternativas para mitigá-los. O problema é tratado, ainda, sob a perspectiva da governança corporativa e, por derradeiro, vislumbra-se sua eventual adoção na falência, com escoro no princípio da preservação da empresa, passando-se à conclusão. / The present work has the aim of analyzing the problem of financing for distressed companies in Brazil and the discipline granted to it by Law no. 11.101/05, with focus on the judicial reorganization procedure. After a brief analysis of the various causes of corporate crisis and the possible preliminary aid measures, a debate commences on the constitutional premises of the treatment of distressed companies in Brazil and the goals of bankruptcy law in general, after which the solutions adopted by Brazilian Law are examined. Next, the scrutiny of the proposed theme begins, with emphasis on its scope and importance, as well as the identification of the means, participants and categories related to the financing for companies in difficulties. After the presentation of a brief overview of the matter in foreign law, the same is investigated in light of the national legal system, under a theoretical and practical approach of financing for distressed companies in Brazil and its constraints, as well as the possible alternatives to mitigate them. In addition, the problem is treated from the perspective of the corporate governance and, last, a glimpse is taken into its eventual adoption in liquidation processes, with support in the principle of preservation of the company, culminating with the conclusion.