The Upper Devonian Catskill Formation represents marginal marine and alluvial sediments which prograded into the Appalachian Basin during the Acadian Orogeny. Distributive fluvial systems (DFS) are prevalent in modern actively aggrading basins in all tectonic and climatic regimes and may be common in the rock record. In this study, I reinterpret the Catskill Formation as a prograding distributive fluvial system (DFS) on the basis of up-section variability in paleosols, channel sandstone textural trends, and alluvial architecture. At least three distinct pedotypes representative of prevailing soil forming conditions are identified during deposition of the Irish Valley, Sherman Creek, and Duncannon Members of the Catskill Formation. Increased paleosol drainage is inferred from an up-section transition from hydromorphic aqualfs within the Irish Valley Member to non-calcareous, uderts within the Duncannon Member. Qualitative field observations of channel sandstone morphology show an increase in channel size up-section. Channels occur as small isolated bodies at the base of the section, transitioning to relatively larger, amalgamated channels, and finally, large isolated channel bodies up-section. Sandstones are litharenites and coarsen-upward throughout the Catskill Formation overall. This coarsening upward trend results from increasing paleo-flow competency in larger channels up-section. These results are consistent with deposition of the Catskill Formation by DFS processes and demonstrate the utility of paleopedological analysis in interpreting alluvial depositional processes. Identifying DFS in the rock record has implications for paleosol-based paleoclimatic studies, as paleosols forming on prograding DFS have increased paleosol drainage up-section, which could potentially be misinterpreted as a shift from prevailing humid to arid paleoclimatic conditions. Recognition of DFS in the rock record also has implications for basin analysis and exploration of fluvial aquifers and hydrocarbon reservoirs, as the stratigraphic architecture of DFS are fundamentally different from tributary systems at the basin scale. / Geology

The most recent research trend within the field of organizational justice is the study of interactional justice (Tyler & Bies, 1990; Greenberg, 1990). Most of the work conducted in this area focuses on the explanations leaders give to followers about decisions made or actions taken that frequently lead to adverse consequences or loss. These explanations are called "social accounts". While research indicates that social accounts are effective at mitigating negative reactions to adverse decisions, and improving perceptions of justice, the underlying causes remain largely unknown. This study used the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) as a theoretical base to explore what factors make an account "acceptable", and the impact that an acceptable account has on a number of organizationally relevant outcomes. Specifically, this study used an experimental design in a pay-for-performance context to assess the impact of message specificity (high vs. low) and source expertise (expert vs. non-expert), under varying conditions of outcome involvement (higher vs. lower) on the acceptability of a justification for a change in a distributive criterion that resulted in a loss. Other dependent variables investigated included perceptions of justice (procedural, interactional, and distributive fairness), attitudes (satisfaction with the trainer and the task), and behaviors (commitment to the trainer and the task, and complaints). The results indicated that justifications delivered by the expert trainer were more acceptable than non-experts under conditions of lower involvement (except when a non-expert delivered a specific justification). This effect reversed itself, however, under higher involvement. There was a main effect of specificity such that specific justifications were more acceptable than vague justifications regardless of the level of involvement. Acceptability was positively related to all dependent measures with the exception of complaints, which had a negative relationship. Furthermore, acceptability fully mediated the impact of message specificity on trainer commitment, and partially on procedural fairness, distributive fairness (assessment), and task commitment. Acceptability fully mediated the negative impact of expertise under high involvement on procedural and distributive fairness (assessment), and interactional fairness. / Ph. D.

no / A distinction between the deserving and undeserving has been in some respects a distinguishing, and in many others, divisive, feature of the social work profession. The apparent distinction has traditionally been drawn on the basis of ethical and moral appraisals of virtue and vice. This tradition has a much longer pedigree dating from antiquity in which considerations of personal desert were crucial, indeed decisive, in redistributive and retributive justice (Zaitchik 1977). Over the passage of time, moral authority has yielded more and more power to knowledge (Foucault, 1973). Rationality has superseded dogmatism, and the assessment of those eligible for welfare has been well honed. Although income and means tests form the official basis for distributing welfare, whether or not moral desert has been abandoned remains in question. However, how might desert be managed, if it does indeed continue to exert a powerful, albeit covert, influence on claims to state-provided or sponsored welfare? One possible answer to this question follows, first by noting the obvious, though, unappreciated importance of, desert, followed by a discussion of its integral relation to justice, and finally outlining how social work could use it as a normative force. / The full text may be made available on permission from the publisher.

The object of this study was to determine the extent to which coordinators of Industrial Cooperative Training programs in Virginia high schools used the directed study method in directly related instruction, to compare its use with other teaching methods used, and to determine the coordinators‘ evaluation of its effectiveness as related to other methods. A list of 30 programs providing a representative sampling of the I.C.T. programs in the state system considered above average on the basis of past performance was secured from state supervisory personnel. Questionnaires prepared by the researcher were mailed to the coordinators of the selected programs, and to seven other state departments of education to determine the procedure found most effective in their directly related instruction. The questionnaires provided data for the study. The other state departments reported use of the directed study method for directly related instruction. In Virginia, where each coordinator was found responsible for his own program, all but five of the coordinators questioned considered the directed study method most effective in directly related instruction. The researcher concluded that the evaluative judgment of the individual coordinators resulted in agreement that the most effective instructional procedure in directly related instruction was the directed study method. The researcher also concluded that additional research in Industrial Cooperative Training is needed in comparing the effectiveness of the directed study method with that of other methods in actual use in the classroom, and in other fields necessary for complete understanding and utilization of directed study. / Master of Science

This thesis examines the justice priorities found in the national climate transition governance proposed by the eight political parties represented in the Swedish parliamentary. Building on previous research on how justice perspectives are integrated in Sweden’s national climate transition policy discourse, this thesis contributes by identifying prioritized areas and actors/groups in each of the political parties’ climate transition proposals and comparing justice priorities that emerge in these policy proposals.  Just transition is used as a theoretical framework to analyze the political parties’ perspectives on global climate justice, the economy and labor market, environmental justice, and transportation and energy.  The findings show that while explicit justice priorities do not make up a major part of the motions, all political parties consider various social goals alongside emission reductions in their national climate policy. The Swedish political parties all offer different climate transition governance proposals, but a lot of justice priorities are shared. An overall focus on job creation, lowering energy costs for households, and lowering emissions from the transportation sector without limiting mobility is present across the board.

Yes / Within the workplace, justice is influenced by the interpersonal relationships between colleagues and/or management among other things. The main reason for this research is to examine the correlation between organisational justice and the ethical behaviour of employees. Based on the literature, the conceptual model developed in this paper integrates distributive, procedural, interpersonal and informational justice in relation to ethical behaviour. By applying an adapted survey questionnaire, data were collected from teaching staff at public sector higher education institutions. Multiple regression analysis was applied to 360 samples and this showed that distributive and procedural justice have a more positive and significant impact than informational and interpersonal justice on the ethical behaviour of employees. This is an empirical study which may contribute to the literature on ethical behaviour, organisational development and employee development.

The study of educational and economic outcomes associa with participation in marketing and distributive education (MDE) was approached by first examining the impact of MDE participation on employment in marketing. Then selected characteristics of MDE students were examined and a determination of the effects those characteristics had on educational attainment, job attainment, unemployment, and wages was made. The selected variables were social background, race, sex, region of the country, community size, aptitude, MDE and cooperative program participation, grade point average, self-concept, career and educational aspirations, educational and job attainment. The data base for this study was the National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972. Participation in MDE had a positive impact on employment in marketing. The proportion of MDE participants employed in sales occupations was higher than expected for all but one year of the 7 year follow-up period. MDE students were employed initially in management positions in a higher proportion than expected but the effect was negative or negligible by the 5th year following graduation. For the category of other marketing jobs, there was no discernible pattern of employment, although in four of the follow ups there was a higher proportion of MDE students employed than expected. There was no effect of MDE participation on educational attainment but higher educational attainment for MDE students was associated with higher educational aspirations, higher aptitude, higher mother's education, not participating in a cooperative program, and being nonwhite. Higher job attainment in marketing was associated with higher educational attainment. being male, participating in MDE and cooperative education, higher grade point average, and higher motherts education. There was no effect of MDE on wages. The causal model for educational and economic outcomes compared favorably with other studies using similar determinants. However, the model failed to account for 58% the variance in educational attainment, 86% of the variance in job attainment, 94% of the variance in salary, and the model for unemployment: was responsive to the factors included. It was recommended that future research focus on improving the explanatory power of the model. It was also recommended that the outcomes associated with MDE participation be examined for those not employed in marketing and for those who participated in specialized MDE programs, and that the management training component of the secondary curriculum be reevaluated and possibly upgraded. Finally, it was recommended that secondary MDE programs be expanded. / Ed. D.

Yes

Ce mémoire a pour but d'examiner dialectiquement le fondement des arguments à l'appui et à l'encontre d'une division tripartite de la justice chez Aristote. Une fois rappelé en quels termes Aristote propose sa division au livre V de son Éthique à Nicomaque, nous avons passé en revue la position des commentateurs à ce sujet. Ceci fait et avec le texte d'Aristote comme référence, nous avons tâché de découvrir les difficultés ou incohérences liées aux différentes positions de même que la part de vérité de chacune, pour finalement dégager l'interprétation qui semble la plus vraisemblable et qui intègre le meilleur des points de vue. Nous concluons sur la base de notre examen dialectique que selon toute vraisemblance, il y a lieu de lire la mention de deux espèces de justice seulement, soit la justice distributive et la justice commutative.

En se basant sur les principes de l'échange social, cette thèse par insertion d'articles étudie les déterminants des comportements de citoyenneté environnementale des employés (OCBE), et ce, en mettant en lumière trois sphères sous-explorées de ce champ de recherche : (1) le rôle de la justice et des dynamiques de l'équité en milieu organisationnel dans l'émergence des OCBE ; (2) les relations d'échanges inter-collègues et leur rôle dans l'orientation des comportements organisationnels et (3) le rôle du climat de travail dans l'écologisation des organisations Dans ce cadre, le premier chapitre de la thèse prendra la forme d'un chapitre introductif dans le quel nous présenterons le concept de climat organisationnel, son évolution et certaines de ses variantes. Il s'agit d'un concept fédérateur dans cette thèse et il est important de comprendre les circonstances dans lesquelles des variantes environnementales du climat de travail sont apparues dans la littérature. D'ailleurs, l'une de ces variantes sera étudiée dans le deuxième chapitre de la thèse qui prendra la forme d'un article empirique. Dans cette recherche, nous étudions l'effet des différentes formes de justice ainsi que celui du climat de travail sur la conservation de l'énergie au travail. Les résultats de la recherche montrent que la justice distributive, associée à un climat de travail favorable à la conservation de l'énergie, renforce l'engagement environnemental des employés et contribue à la conservation de l'électricité en milieu de travail. Le troisième chapitre sera aussi présenté sous forme d'article dans lequel nous étudions l'effet des dynamiques d'échange inter-collègues sur l'adoption volontaire des comportements environnementaux au travail. Les résultats indiquent que les employés qui perçoivent un soutien de la part de leurs collègues vont développer un attachement psychologique envers ceux-ci et seront plus susceptibles d'adopter des comportements d'entraide environnementale. Le climat vert de travail perçu par les collègues renforce l'engagement de l'employé envers ses coéquipiers et permet ainsi, indirectement, de promouvoir l'entraide environnementale au sein de l'équipe. Les implications théoriques et managériales de chaque article sont discutées.