Thesis (M.A.B.S.)--Multnomah Graduate School of Ministry, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 87-97).

Rates and energies of consumption (C), egestion (F), assimilation (A), respiration (R), growth (Pg), production of exuviae (Pev), and production of egg masses (Pr) and associated efficiencies, and the effects of seasonal temperature, weight and metamorphic stage upon these factors were examined for a typical individual and cohort of Corydalus cornutus (L.) from a stream in North-Central Texas (330 23'N, 97*5'W). Dobson flies are apparently univoltine in the study area, with 11 larval instars. Emergence, oviposition and hatching occur from late May to August. The typical dobson fly hatches in mid-June, grows rapidly until November, and resumes rapid growth in March, reaching full adult size prior to leaving the stream to pupate in early June. Adult females must feed to provide energy to yolk eggs, produce egg-mass coverings and continue somatic maintenance during their week of reproductive endeavors. Metabolic compensation enables larval dobson flies to maintain preferred and fairly constant rates of R during winter (201-451 pl g-1 h~1; 5-15 C) and summer (985-1173 pl g- h1; 20-30 C); with a seasonal acclimatization change point between 15-20 C. Reduction of rates of R through undercompensation during the winter when food is scarce and through partial compensation at high temperatures during the summer conserves energy which is allocated to P, resulting in high ratios of P/R (1.94) and P/A (66%) for the individual larva and, to a lesser degree, for the cohort (P/R = 1.07, P/A = 52.3%, P/B = 9.96). Rates of C, F, A and R, but not assimilation efficiency, were influenced by temperature and size. The energy budget for a typical dobson fly during the 47 wk as a larva was: C = 4167, A = 3442, F = 725, Pg = 2075, Pev = 198, and R = 1169. Ova respired 0.107 cal wk-1, prepupae 357 cal wk~ 1 , male pupae 509 cal wk~ 1 , female pupae 454 cal wk~1 , male adults 625 cal wk-l1 and female adults 735 cal wk-1 . The prepupa and pupa shed exuviae of 144 cal and 120 cal respectively. The average female produced 667 cal of eggs and 185 cal of egg-case material, which totaled 54% of adult female A. The annual energetics of the cohort of larvae was: C = 39,150, A = 32,642, F = 6876, Pg = 13,052, Pev = 3608, Pr= 359-409 and R = 15,982 cal m- 2

This thesis examines Hannah Arendt’s phenomenological theory of action (vita activa) to assess its capacity to accommodate environmental politics within its conception of the public sphere. Critics have argued that vita activa’s triadic structure excludes social questions—in which Arendt includes environmental concerns—from political action. In fact, her writings explicitly seek to shield politics from social incursions—a phenomenon she terms “the rise of the social.” However, this criticism overlooks the distinction Arendt draws between politics and governance, politics being a manifestation of freedom and governance the management of necessity. By arguing for vita activa’s ability to accommodate contemporary environmental concerns, this reading seeks to promote Arendt’s conception of freedom within the emerging green political tradition, for her understanding of politics recognizes its existential function in creating identities for both communities and individuals. To pose an environmental challenge to Arendt’s thought, this thesis employs some of the key themes and conceptions from four prominent green theorists: John Dryzek, Robyn Eckersley, Andrew Dobson, and John Meyer. In relation to these theorists, it will be argued that vita activa’s form of politics carries the possibility of allowing environmentalism to appear within the public sphere’s political contents without contradicting its triadic boundaries. To develop an environmentally sustainable society, political communities must create new narratives for bridging the divide between their built and natural environments, a process that requires the existential power of Arendtian politics. / Graduate

PART I Background: For over forty years, depolarizing, hyperkalemic cardioplegia solutions have served as the standard of care for cardiac surgery. While effective in inducing cardiac arrest, potassium-based solutions are associated with an array of negative consequences, such as coagulopathies, conduction dysfunction, inflammation, coronary vasoconstriction, myocardial edema, and ischemic injury. Adenosine-lidocaine-magnesium, a non-depolarizing, non-potassium-containing solution, has recently entered the clinical arena. Animal research suggests that this agent may provide a method of diastolic arrest that is as effective as potassium-based cardioplegia but with improved protective benefits.Purpose: The aim is to assess the safety and efficacy of adenosine-lidocaine-magnesium as a cardioplegia solution in terms of overall patient outcomes.Methodology: In June 2014, Banner University Medical Center Tucson became the first American institution to adopt the use of PolarShot (ALM)--adenosine-lidocaine-magnesium - as a cardioplegia solution. This one-year, retrospective study compares patients receiving adenosine-lidocaine-magnesium to those receiving high-potassium/low-potassium cardioplegia during adult cardiac surgery. Cases compared in this study include isolated coronary artery bypass, isolated aortic/mitral valve repair/replacement, and combination coronary artery bypass/valve replacement surgery only. A propensity-weighted regression model was used for analysis to determine whether or not cardioplegia treatment affected clinical outcome. To assess overall clinical outcome, major morbidity and mortality and post-procedural length of stay were chosen as primary endpoints. Results: In terms of treatment (adenosine-magnesium-lidocaine vs. high-potassium/low-potassium), no statistically significant difference was found between groups in regard to major morbidity and mortality event occurrences nor was a significant difference found between post-procedural length of stay. Discussion: After comparing postoperative outcomes between cardioplegia treatment groups, PolarShot (ALM) cardioplegia produced postoperative outcomes that were statistically similar to those of high-potassium/low-potassium cardioplegia. The confidence in these results is limited by low case volume, surgical case variability, and retrospective nature of this study. Conclusion: According to this propensity-weighted regression model, PolarShot (ALM) cardioplegia appears to be a safe and effective alternative to traditional potassium-based cardioplegia for the purpose of adult cardiac surgery. More research, including prospective randomized trials, is necessary to confirm or deny the findings of this study. PART II Background: Historically, surgical cardioplegia compounding was accomplished by filling patient-tailored prescriptions on-demand. Modern day compounding has become a manufacturing process to improve quality and accommodate physician demand. Additionally, sterile compounding standards have become more stringent, further necessitating a standardized compounding approach. In 2013, scrutiny of sterile drug compounding increased with passage of the Drug Quality and Security Act (DQSA) and subsequent Federal Drug Administration oversight. This federal mandate requires all compounded sterile preparations distributed by 503B Outsourcing Facilities be tested for potency, stability, and sterility. To accomplish this, compounders must significantly reduce batched formula variability. Purpose: A review of 2014 sales data from a large 503B outsourcing facility and cardioplegia compounder will be conducted. The study will identify solution differences and detail its findings. The aim of this study is to assess cardioplegia variability on a national level. Methodology: Results will be summarized by cardioplegia strategy (Buckberg, high-potassium/low-potassium, crystalloid, del Nido, Adenocaine, and microplegia), dilution strategy (4:1 blood-crystalloid, 8:1 blood-crystalloid, 1:4 crystalloid-blood, all-blood, and all-crystalloid), formula constituents (base solutions, additives, buffers), potassium concentrations. Any observed patterns in formula usage will also be reported, geographical or otherwise. Results / Discussion: Based on institutional use, high-potassium/low-potassium (two-solution) multidose strategy was the most common. Based on solutions ordered, the most common cardioplegia ingredient was potassium chloride, present in almost ninety percent (89.64%) of all units sold. After looking at potassium content, extensive variability was noted in terms of potassium added to the bag (undiluted) and potassium to-be delivered (post-dilutional). Additionally, unique solution formulations identified in multiple institutions were often found in neighboring states or within a single state. Conclusion: The results of this analysis illustrate the extent to cardioplegia formula variability nationwide. Variability exists in both methodology and formulation on a state-to-state, institution-to-institution, even across-single-institution basis. This formula customization appears to be institution- and surgeon-specific, suggesting empirical influence in formula adaptation. Formula standardization may be necessary to combat the compounded issue of formula customization moving forward.

The diploma thesis deals with a design solution of an astronomical mirror telescope, also called Newton reflector on the Dobson Altazimuth mount. The design focuses on the determination of appropriate optic parameters and mounting parameters, on the new styling and shape solution with an emphasis on technical, operational, ergonomic and aesthetic requirements. The main benefit of the design is the simplicity of compilation and decompilation of entire device, intuitive control and safe usage and shape compactness of the whole appliance. I designed the device in the light of the fact that it is used mainly in complete darkness, and the colour solution corresponds to the fact.

<p>Several physical mechanisms concerning the impact of Rossby waves on ozone distribution and circulation in the stratosphere and troposphere are studied in the thesis.</p><p>Summertime total ozone variability over Middle Asia and Northern Scandinavia shows similar wave-like behaviour with typical periods of 10-20 days and amplitudes of 20-50 Dobson units. These variations are caused by eastward travelling Rossby waves in the lower stratosphere. The same mechanism plays the primary role in the formation of an intense low ozone episode over Scandinavia in August 2003. A strong anticyclone was formed in the troposphere over Europe as a part of a Rossby wave train. The anticyclone coincides with a displaced Artic pool of low-ozone air in the stratosphere aloft of the anticyclone. A combination of the two above-mentioned processes results in the total ozone minimum over Northern Europe for summer 2003.</p><p>Interannual variability of the atmospheric circulation and total ozone during winter is strongly controlled by the diabatic (Brewer-Dobson) circulation which is driven by upward propagating waves from the troposphere. In the Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes, wintertime total ozone shows antiphase behaviour with the Arctic Oscillation (AO) index on interannual and decadal time-scales. Weaker (stronger) wave activity leads to less (more) northward ozone transport and to a stronger (weaker) AO.</p><p>Rossby wave activity occurs as episodic wave events and this wave forcing is not uniform during winter. The November-December stratospheric eddy heat flux is strongly anticorrelated with the January-February eddy heat flux in the midlatitude stratosphere and troposphere. Weaker upward wave fluxes in early winter lead to stronger upward wave fluxes from the troposphere as well as to a stronger polar night jet during midwinter and vice versa. Hence upward wave activity fluxes in early winter define, to a considerable extent, the subsequent evolution of the midwinter circulation in the stratosphere and troposphere.</p>

Several physical mechanisms concerning the impact of Rossby waves on ozone distribution and circulation in the stratosphere and troposphere are studied in the thesis. Summertime total ozone variability over Middle Asia and Northern Scandinavia shows similar wave-like behaviour with typical periods of 10-20 days and amplitudes of 20-50 Dobson units. These variations are caused by eastward travelling Rossby waves in the lower stratosphere. The same mechanism plays the primary role in the formation of an intense low ozone episode over Scandinavia in August 2003. A strong anticyclone was formed in the troposphere over Europe as a part of a Rossby wave train. The anticyclone coincides with a displaced Artic pool of low-ozone air in the stratosphere aloft of the anticyclone. A combination of the two above-mentioned processes results in the total ozone minimum over Northern Europe for summer 2003. Interannual variability of the atmospheric circulation and total ozone during winter is strongly controlled by the diabatic (Brewer-Dobson) circulation which is driven by upward propagating waves from the troposphere. In the Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes, wintertime total ozone shows antiphase behaviour with the Arctic Oscillation (AO) index on interannual and decadal time-scales. Weaker (stronger) wave activity leads to less (more) northward ozone transport and to a stronger (weaker) AO. Rossby wave activity occurs as episodic wave events and this wave forcing is not uniform during winter. The November-December stratospheric eddy heat flux is strongly anticorrelated with the January-February eddy heat flux in the midlatitude stratosphere and troposphere. Weaker upward wave fluxes in early winter lead to stronger upward wave fluxes from the troposphere as well as to a stronger polar night jet during midwinter and vice versa. Hence upward wave activity fluxes in early winter define, to a considerable extent, the subsequent evolution of the midwinter circulation in the stratosphere and troposphere.

The middle atmosphere transport is mostly controlled by a large-scale meridional circulation, namely the Brewer-Dobson circulation. In this thesis, climatology and variability of the Brewer-Dobson circulation and the middle atmosphere has been analysed using the Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model (CMAM30-Ext). A number of key variables are used including the age of air, residual velocities, residual stream function, temperature and zonal wind. The analysis of the climatology of the age of air shows, in particular, that young air gets generated near the tropical tropopause, which then travels poleward. The residual stream function shows that the Brewer-Dobson circulation dominates the winter hemispheres around the solstices and becomes nearly symmetrical, with respect to the equator, around the equinoxes. The empirical orthogonal function analysis is applied to explore the modes of variability in the middle atmosphere. The analysis identifies, in particular, the semi-annual oscillation, the quasi-biennial oscillation with moderate explained variance compared to the variance explained by the annual cycle. In addition, the analysis also reveals the emergence of the solar cycle. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

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Post-war sculpture created by members of the Royal Academy of Arts was seemingly marginalised by Keynesian state patronage which privileged a new generation of avant-garde sculptors. This thesis considers whether selected Academicians (Siegfried Charoux, Frank Dobson, Maurice Lambert, Alfred Machin, John Skeaping and Charles Wheeler) variously engaged with pedagogy, community, exhibition practice and sculpture for the state, to access ascendant state patronage. Chapter One, The Post-war Expansion of State Patronage , investigates the existing and shifting parameters of patronage of the visual arts and specifically analyses how this was manifest through innovative temporary sculpture exhibitions. Chapter Two, The Royal Academy Sculpture School , examines the reasons why the Academicians maintained a conventional fine arts programme of study, in contrast to that of industrial design imposed by Government upon state art institutions for reasons of economic contribution. This chapter also analyses the role of the art-Master including the influence of émigré teachers, prospects for women sculpture students and the post-war scarcity of resources which inspired the use of new materials and techniques. Chapter Three, The Royal Academy as Community , traces the socialisation of London-based art societies whose memberships helped to identify sculptors for potential election to the Royal Academy; it then considers the gifting of elected Academicians Diploma Works. The empirical mapping of sponsorship for elected sculptors is investigated to determine how the organic profile of the Royal Academy s membership began to accommodate more modern sculptors and identifies a petition for change which may have influenced Munnings s speech (1949). Chapter Four, The Royal Academy Summer Exhibitions , explores the preparatory rituals of the Selection and Hanging Committees, processes for the selection of amateurs works, exhibit genres and critical reception. Moreover it contrasts the Summer Exhibitions with the Arts Council s Sculpture in the Home exhibition series to identify potential duplications. Chapter Five, Sculpture for the State , considers three diverse conduits facilitating the acquisition of sculpture for the state: The Chantrey Collection administered by the Royal Academy and exhibited at the Tate Gallery; the commissioning of Charles Wheeler s Earth and Water (1951 1953) for the new Ministry of Defence, London; and the selection of Siegfried Charoux s The Neighbours (1959) for London County Council s Patronage of the Arts Scheme . For these sculptures, complex expressions of Britishness are considered. In summary this thesis argues that unfettered by their allegiance to the Royal Academy of Arts its sculptors sought ways in which they might participate in the unprecedented opportunities that an expanded model of state patronage presented.