Baigiamajame magistro darbe yra nagrinėjamas Baltijos šalių – Lietuvos, Latvijos ir Estijos BVP, jo kitimo tendencijos bei pagrindiniai makroekonomikos rodikliai – galutinio vartojimo išlaidos, prekių ir paslaugų importas bei eksportas, investicijos, užimtųjų darbo rinkoje skaičius bei BVP defliatorius. Išnagrinėti šių rodiklių apibrėžimai bei ekonominė prasmė, taip pat apžvelgta sukaupta mokslininkų patirtis modeliuojant juos. Siekiant išsiaiškinti ryšius tarp šių rodiklių atlikta koreliacijų bei Grangerio priežastingumo analizė. Modeliuojant, visų pirma, rasti ilgalaikiai sąryšiai tarp kintamųjų, o po to kiekvienai šaliai specifikuotas paklaidų korekcijos modelis bei įvertintas šio modelio tikslumas. Išnagrinėjus praktinius ir teorinius aspektus, pateikiamos baigiamojo darbo išvados ir pasiūlymai. Darbą sudaro 5 dalys: įvadas, analitinė - metodinė dalis, tiriamoji dalis, išvados ir pasiūlymai, literatūros sąrašas. Darbo apimtis – 112 p. teksto be priedų, 60 iliustr., 35 lent., 28 bibliografiniai šaltiniai. Atskirai pridedami darbo priedai. / The gross domestic product of the Baltic States – Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia, has been examined in the master thesis. Trends of the GDP and the main macroeconomic indicators – gross final consumption expenditure, imports and exports of goods and services, investment, labor force and GDP deflator have been analyzed. The definitions of these indicators and an economic sense, as well as researchers' experience in modeling, have been examined. In order to establish the relationship between these variables, analysis of the correlation and Granger causality test has been performed. In particular, modeling started with the finding of the long – term relationship between selected indicators. After that the error correction model has been specified and the accuracy of this model has been estimated. After the examination of the practical and theoretical aspects, the conclusions and recommendations have been presented. Structure: introduction, analytical – methodical part, research part, conclusions and suggestions, references. Thesis consists of: 112 p. text without appendixes, 60 pictures, 35 tables, 28 bibliographical entries. Appendixes included.

Submitted by David Vicentin (davidvicentin@gmail.com) on 2015-02-10T03:26:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MPFE_VicentinD_CrescimentoLP_150209v2.pdf: 2861471 bytes, checksum: 7e24a753b428421ca829197d0e83e64c (MD5) / Rejected by Renata de Souza Nascimento (renata.souza@fgv.br), reason: Prezado David, boa tarde Seu trabalho foi rejeitado, por não estar dentro dos padrões das normas da ABNT. Segue abaixo, o que deve ser corrigido: 1 - Onde consta o nome da FGV, retirar o acento agudo da palavra Getulio. 2 - Na capa, seu nome deve estar em letra maiúscula, conforme consta na contra capa. 3 - A numeração das páginas, devem estar no canto direito do trabalho e não ao meio, como consta. Aguardo a correção. Att Renata on 2015-02-10T15:24:35Z (GMT) / Submitted by David Vicentin (davidvicentin@gmail.com) on 2015-02-10T16:36:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MPFE_VicentinD_CrescimentoLP_150209v3.pdf: 2859463 bytes, checksum: f33e1685c6283af90b0fe1b59b4f54b0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Renata de Souza Nascimento (renata.souza@fgv.br) on 2015-02-10T16:57:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MPFE_VicentinD_CrescimentoLP_150209v3.pdf: 2859463 bytes, checksum: f33e1685c6283af90b0fe1b59b4f54b0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-10T17:05:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MPFE_VicentinD_CrescimentoLP_150209v3.pdf: 2859463 bytes, checksum: f33e1685c6283af90b0fe1b59b4f54b0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02 / This paper objective is to do a survey about long term economic. It considers different model types and evaluate the relation of government with long term economic growth. Chapter 1 presents an introduction about modern growth theory and factors which were identified and impact in GDP per capita growth. Chapters 2 and 3 presents The Solow-Swan Model (with exogenous savings rate) and the Ramsey Model (optimization of consumption) are evaluated. Chapter 4 focus in different types of production function that are capable to generate or limit wealth creation. Chapter 5 presents production functions considering government as an explaining variable. Chapter 6, models are developed considering taxes and transfers with the objective to evaluate the impact in dynamic system equations. Chapter 7 GDP per capita, government per capita spending, capital per capita from Germany, Brazil, China, Denmark, United States of America and France to identify the factors participation in economic growth. / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo realizar um ensaio sobre crescimento econômico de longo prazo considerando diferentes tipos de modelos e avaliar a relação do governo com o crescimento de longo prazo. No Capítulo 1 é feita uma introdução sobre a teoria do crescimento moderno e quais os fatores foram identificados como capazes de contribuir para o crescimento do PIB per capita. Nos Capítulos 2 e 3 são apresentados os modelos de crescimento econômico de longo prazo de Solow-Swan (com taxa de poupança exógena) e o modelo de Ramsey (com otimização do consumo). O Capítulo 4 foca os diferentes tipos de função produção capazes de gerar ou restringir a criação de riquezas. O Capítulo 5 traz as funções produção contemplando o governo como variável explicativa. No capítulo 6 são desenvolvidas análises de modelos contemplando arrecadação de impostos e transferências a fim de se avaliar o impacto nas equações dinâmicas do sistema. No capítulo 7, são utilizados dados de PIB per capita, gastos per capita do governo e capital per capita de Alemanha, Brasil, China, Dinamarca, Estados Unidos e França para identificar a participação destes fatores no crescimento econômico.

The aim of this masters thesis is to propound a complex treatise about the Gross Domestic Product of the Czech Republic between the years 2010 and 2015, with focus on growth dynamics, effect of GDP components according to the expenditure approach and the income approach, international comparison and relation to other economic measures. The thesis aspires to present and interpret the analysed data and put them into socio-economic context. Data for the analysis were retrieved from the National Accounts System, the methodology then emanates from the macroeconomic theory and statistical tools. While years after the financial crisis were characterized by a mild growth, years 2012 and 2013 were a recessional period after which came a sharp growth. Determinants of this development were mainly the situation on the world markets, expansionary monetary policy and anticipations of future development. From the items constituting GDP in the expenditure approach the gross capital formation had the main influence, in the income approach it was the net operating surplus. The economic development of the Czech Republic was relatively closely correlated with the development of the European Union during the analysed period. A significant negative correlation between the value of GDP and unemployment rate also existed, as well as a less significant negative correlation between the value of GDP and inflation rate, however the latter relation was not consistent.

There exists significant literature investigating the link between macroeconomic variables and stock market returns. Most previous studies utilise an overall stock market index to measure stock market returns, thereby aggregating a number of different industries into a single index. This research investigated the link between macroeconomic variables and a single sector’s share returns, being the Resources sector. The aim was to ascertain whether or not a correlation exists between the Resource Index of the Johannesburg Stock Exchange and four macroeconomic variables, namely: GDP, Inflation, Interest rates and the Rand/US Dollar Exchange Rate. Quarterly data for all 4 macroeconomic variables and the Resource Index was collected for the period 2002 to 2011 and tests of correlation performed between each macroeconomic variable and the Resource Index. The findings reveal that there is a positive correlation between GDP and resources share returns, a negative correlation between interest rates and resources share returns and a positive relationship between the Rand/US Dollar Exchange rate and resources share returns. The relationship between the inflation and the resource share returns proved inconclusive.Copyright / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / unrestricted

This study is about whether the money supply in South Africa under a monetary policy regime of inflation‐targeting is exogenously or endogenously determined. The proposition of an exogenous money supply has been offered by monetarists, where the Central Bank determines the quantity of money supplied to the economy and this has a causal influence on income and credit extension. The endogenous money theory is a post‐Keynesian proposition whereby the money creation is determined by banks adjusting their responses to demands for credit‐money from economic agents. The data analysis is from 2000Q1 to 2010Q4 and entails the use of the variables monetary base (MB), domestic credit extension (DCE), M3, and gross national product (GDP). All variables are logged. The empirical tests conducted start with the Augmented Dickey‐Fuller unit root test to determine the variables order of integration. Johansen cointegration tests are done followed by Vector Error‐Correction Models (VECMs) and Granger causality tests to determine whether there is unidirectional or bidirectional causality between variables over the long and short‐run. Based on the results of the testing it was discovered that over the inflation‐targeting regime money supply in South Africa was endogenously determined. Furthermore, the data best supports the Accommodationist analysis of endogenous money as opposed to that of Structuralism and Liquidity Preference / Adobe Acrobat 9.53 Paper Capture Plug-in

This diploma describes basic socioeconomic characterictics of Region of Central Bohemia. It focuses mainly on demography, labour market, social and technical infrastructure and macroeconomics in this region. In theoretical part are mentioned the basic facts from these branches. In analytical part are described time progress mainly in years 2000 -- 2006, comparsion of subregions in Region of Central Bohemia, comparsion of other regions in Czech Republic and the dependence between indicators of particular parts. From knowledges has been made SWOT analysis and has been suggested arrangements for following developement of the region.

The goal of this thesis is to picture the economic behavior of institutional sectors in non-financial corporations, households and government institutions during years 1995 -- 2007. The analysis focuses on selected institutional sectors from the Czech Republic and Slovakia; for a wilder comparison are also included two developed West-European countries -- France and Switzerland. It is based mainly on a data analysis of the national accounts and it is pointing out the problems connected to its outcomes. The thesis is divided into four parts. The first part is dealing with the history of national accounts, development of international standards in the selected countries and its comparison; it is also defining each of the institutional sectors and summarizes economic development of these countries. The second part examines the outcomes from the sectors of the non-financial corporations based on national accounting's regular accounts, and on proprietorial accounts. The third part is considering the households and analyzing specific indicators related to the households. The fourth part is related to the earnings, expenditures, and outcomes of the government operating. In the end the indicators of each institutional sector in some other European countries are also looked at.

The goal of my thesis "Development of economies of the Czech and Slovak Republic in the last twenty years" is not only to assess and compare the economic development of Czech and Slovak Republic in the last twenty years, but also outline the economy of Czechoslovakia as a whole to have an idea of the citations and the context of the time. I only compared the development in the two economies, then also in relation to the EU. I divided the whole work into three chapters according to the various stages of development in the Czech and Slovak economies. In the first chapter, I proceed from a brief description of Czechoslovakia, ie. its creation and subsequent development up to 1989, through the transformation of the economy, focusing on the initial state of the economy, the basic operations carried out and macroeconomic page of the transition itself, to the split of Czechoslovakia into two independent states. The following chapter focuses on the characteristics of a separate economic development of the Czech and Slovak Republic until 2004, when both countries joined the EU. The final chapter then deals with the European Union, the Maastricht criteria before joining the EU and development of the economies after the entry into the Union with regard to the entry of Slovakia into the eurozone.

The present thesis describes the relation of the gross domestic product and the unemployment rate by educational attainment. The analysis of relation between time series refers to data for the Czech Republic. The thesis is divided into four main chapters. The first chapter deals with the definition of the gross domestic product, the calculation method, the detection and the measurement. The following chapter is focused on the issue of unemployment. Both the chapters are supplemented by historical development of indicators in the Czech Republic. The last theoretical part presents the statistical methods used in the time series analysis. The fourth chapter provides the actual analysis of relations between the gross domestic product and the unemployment rate by educational attainment. The analysis is based on data for the period 1996--2014, which are quarterly seasonally unadjusted data.

The thesis describes interactions and relationships between selected economic indicators. These indicators are the gross domestic product and the average gross monthly wage. The analysis of these selected indicators, are made for the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The work has four main parts, which are divided into several other sections. The first defines the concept of national accounting, the second part contents gross domestic product, the method of its calculating and the frequency of compilation. In the third section is described the field theory of wages and salaries and the concepts such as minimum wage, the average gross monthly wage and median wage and salary are defined. In this two chapters are compared selected countries on the basis of the tables and graphs of selected indicators. The last chapter analyzes the relationships between selected economic indicators in selected countries based on quarterly data from the years 2001-2013.