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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects on reading achievement for middle school students after participation in a computer-based reading intervention program, READ 180, as well as the relationship of program participation to later dropout rates, compared to students enrolled in a traditional reading remediation program. A nonequivalent control group research design was used to examine data collected from 384 students in Grades 6 through 8 participating in reading interventions spanning a 3-year period from 2003 through 2006. Independent samples t test and chi-square statistics were used to analyze data to determine the yearly reading achievement mean gains, differences between the effects of the two reading interventions, and later dropout frequencies. There were no significant differences between the treatment and comparison groups in reading scores during the first year of READ 180 implementation. Computer software problems affected the implementation of READ 180 during the first semester of implementation. The findings reveal a statistically significant difference between the effects on reading achievement scores for students who participated in READ 180 when implemented with moderate fidelity compared to students in a traditional reading remediation program during the 2nd and 3rd years of implementation. The findings in this study revealed that an intensive reading intervention, READ 180, can significantly improve reading achievement for struggling adolescent readers when implemented with moderate fidelity. Analyses of the data revealed differences between the number of 2003-2004 reading intervention participants and the school division cohort dropout rates. A significant difference was not observed between the 2004-2006 cohort dropout rates when compared to the school division rates. The findings in this study will be beneficial to secondary principals who are held accountable for literacy development, implementation, and evaluation as the school instructional leader. / Ph. D.

The purpose of this study was to examine a reading initiative that was implemented with struggling 9^th grade regular education students at a high school in northern Virginia. Pre and post tests of the Stanford Diagnostic Reading Test (SDRT), 4^th Edition, were used to measure the reading performance of students enrolled in a reading intervention class compared to those in a control group. Attendance and discipline data were also collected and compared. Discussions with students enrolled in the reading class and representative artifacts (student work in portfolios, field notes from classroom observations and interview transcriptions) provided contextual elements to the study. The quantitative results of the study were mixed. There was no statistically significant difference between students enrolled in the reading intervention class compared to those in the control group on academic performance, attendance, or behavior. Participants in the reading class scored higher on scanning (F (1, 29) = 11.21, p = .00) and vocabulary (F (1, 29) = 5.96, p = .02) than those in the control group.Qualitative results indicated that students enrolled in the reading class who learned comprehension, scanning, and vocabulary strategies did not uniformly apply them during reading in core content areas (English, mathematics, science and social studies). / Ed. D.

This thesis presents the design and development of a hand-held electronic reader, designed to decode conductive patterns printed on a paper substrate. Data read from the patterns, by the reader, is used to trigger events in the digital domain. The reader and associated conductive patterns are devices for linking paper documents with the digital world. The patterns are formed by masking conductive-coated paper with a non-conductive, printed lacquer. The reader is a low cost and ergonomic device, capable of transmitting the embedded data from the conductive paper to the computer. The first reader designed and developed was tethered to a computer by data cable, using the USB communication protocol. The second design was developed further, with transmission of data achieved by replacing the cable with short-range Bluetooth wireless technology. Both devices were designed and developed using embedded systems and low cost electronic components. Additional work was undertaken to optimise the device's mechanical structure, ergonomics and integration of hardware. Alongside the development of the reader, test and development work was carried out to optimise the printed media, in materials and design. User trials demonstrated that the complete printed and reading system was functional, with varied rates of success among participants. Further work is required to improve the conductivity of the coated paper, and the accuracy of the decoding algorithm.

La technologie d’identification radiofréquence (RFID) est aujourd’hui une technologie mature qui est amenée à remplacer le code à barre dans un futur proche. Au milieu de toutes les familles de RFID, la technologie RFID sans puce Ultra Large Bande (ULB) est devenue un sujet incontournable. Au cours de cette thèse, nous avons contribué au développement d’un lecteur de tag RFID sans puce ULB en nous basant sur une approche impulsionnelle. Deux prototypes de lecteur ont été développés en suivant les limitations d’émissions de la technologie ULB imposées par les normes. Le premier lecteur a permis principalement de valider le principe de la lecture de tags RFID sans puce en utilisant le temps équivalent. Une deuxième version du lecteur plus aboutis a ensuite été développée. En effet, la précision de lecture a été optimisée grâce à la réduction du bruit d’échantillonnage. Le temps de lecture ainsi que le coût du lecteur ont aussi été des paramètres clés qui ont été drastiquement réduits. Pour cela, un générateur d’impulsion faible bruit bas coût ainsi que des antennes ULB et des cartes de front-end RF ont été conçus et optimisés. Enfin, une technique de lecture des tags basée sur la diversité en polarisation est proposée et validée en pratique. L’objectif étant de permettre la lecture de tag dépolarisant indépendamment de leur orientation. Ce point est un aspect très important pour le développement futur de la technologie RFID sans puce car cela lève des contraintes sur la conception des tags / The RFID technology is in full development, and is intended to substitute barcode in the next future. Between all the RFID families, the UWB chipless RFID technology is a major topic nowadays. With this thesis we focus on development of UWB chipless RFID readers, based on IR-UWB approach.The international regulations that limit the UWB emission are taken into consideration, and two reader prototypes developed. The first was as a concept car, and therefore used as proof of concept. The second version represents a full optimized reader in all the key aspects. Between them, the reading precision, through sampling noise reduction, the reading time, and cost effectiveness. As part of reader development, a low noise and low cost UWB pulse generator prototype was realized, along with UWB antennas, and RF front-end boards. As prospective, a reading technique based on polarization diversity is shown, with the aim of reading cross-polarized tags independently from their orientation. This approach is valuable because does not give any constraint at the tag design level

This thesis explores the components that are involved in the translation of a text that are interpretable by two distinct readerships. It examines: - theory that provides an understanding of dual-readership texts for children and adults; - examples of dual-readership texts, their translations, and analyses of these; - Bled by Daniel Danis and my English translation as a test case of a contemporary dual-readership source text and translation. The ultimate goal of this thesis is to shed light on what could be a new sub-domain of translation studies, namely, research on dual-readership translation. My translation of Bled provides insight into my own interpretation of dual-readership translation, namely, focusing on what is desirable and what is achievable in the translation of this type of text.

This thesis explores the components that are involved in the translation of a text that are interpretable by two distinct readerships. It examines: - theory that provides an understanding of dual-readership texts for children and adults; - examples of dual-readership texts, their translations, and analyses of these; - Bled by Daniel Danis and my English translation as a test case of a contemporary dual-readership source text and translation. The ultimate goal of this thesis is to shed light on what could be a new sub-domain of translation studies, namely, research on dual-readership translation. My translation of Bled provides insight into my own interpretation of dual-readership translation, namely, focusing on what is desirable and what is achievable in the translation of this type of text.

The International environmental become significant issue for each countries, base on green trend more and more green products launched into market. E-Reader is one of the green product that growing rapidly in recent years due to the internet blooming. There have lot of advantages for people using E-Reader, such as easy to carry and you can own thousand of books content inside the E-Reader, it is amazing convenient for this development. The E-reader in this case study was identified by using electronic paper as the panel material, which is different from the LCD panel screen reader¡]Tablet¡^. So far Taiwan is the biggest OEM/ODM manufacturer area for worldwide E-reader market beause the E-paper source, also Taiwan maker can laverge all manufactuer capabilities coming from electronic and 3C industries and have well integrated supplier resource, that¡¦s why Taiwan maker can control 90% OEM/ODM E-reader manufactureing in the world. The global recession since 2008 has resulted in sharp drop for international business. It is getting more and more difficult for business competition, especially for OEM/ODM model. Although Taiwan E-reader manufacturers still have margin at this moment, but gradually they will face other competitors from China or Kera, on the other hand the threat from Tablet-reader is getting apparent, and the DRM still don¡¦t have well organized by governments, more and more challenges close to E-reader manufacturers. In the case of A company, base on five force model & Resources basic model as it can be aware how A company running his E-reader business under Globalization. The industrial circumstances change rapidly, it is important for Tawian maker to think over how to apply their own resource and make the right business strategy. By reviewing this case of A company, here is some suggestions for Taiwan E-reader industry. 1. Bring up for globalization talents. 2. Global system reinforcement. 3. To have Strong and well finance management. 4. Enchance RD capabilities by using core technology. 5. Process techniques and quality stability. 6. Strengthen the business strategic alliance.

Being able to quickly locate equipment is critical inside buildings, including hospitals, manufacturing floors and warehouses. In order to utilize limited budget and resources efficiently, accurate locating or tracking is required in many fields. In this research, we will focus on how to find the location of an item by using RFID in real time indoors to track equipment. When an item needs to be located, the purpose of using RFID is to minimize the searching time, effort, and investment cost. Thus, this research presents a math¬ematical model of using RFID (both handheld readers and stationary readers) for efficient asset location. We derive the expected cost of locating RFID¬tagged objects in a multi¬area environment where hand¬held RF readers are used. We then discuss where to deploy stationary RF readers in order to maximize the efficiency of the search process.

This thesis explores the components that are involved in the translation of a text that are interpretable by two distinct readerships. It examines: - theory that provides an understanding of dual-readership texts for children and adults; - examples of dual-readership texts, their translations, and analyses of these; - Bled by Daniel Danis and my English translation as a test case of a contemporary dual-readership source text and translation. The ultimate goal of this thesis is to shed light on what could be a new sub-domain of translation studies, namely, research on dual-readership translation. My translation of Bled provides insight into my own interpretation of dual-readership translation, namely, focusing on what is desirable and what is achievable in the translation of this type of text.