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The work is devoted to the study of the principles of cyclization in short story collections by R. Bradbury. The material of the study comprises seven authors' collections: The Dark Carnival (1947), The Golden Apples of the Sun (1953), A Medicine for Melancholy (1959), Far After Midnight (1976), In Blink of an Eye (1996) The Cat's Pajamas (2004) and We Will Always Have Paris (2009). This selection was made so as cover different stages of the author’s life and, as a consequence, different periods of the writer’s work. Another important criterion was some short stories within these collections being written in significant time intervals, from six to thirty years. In the first part of the work, the concepts of “literary cycle” and “cyclization” are studied, the functions of prosaic cyclisation and its role in the history of literature development are studied, classification of prose cycle varieties is provided, based on the typology of the internal structure of cycles proposed by S. Nesterova in the dissertation “Cyclic text construction in short epic prose”. In the second part of the work author’s collections by R. Bradbury are analyzed. The main task is to study the stories in order to find the connecting elements typical for the Bradbury cycles, taking into account the unique features and distinctive properties of each collection: the patterns in the cycle structures are revealed, the most characteristic elements for these structures, passed invariantly from one cycle to another, the reasons for using these elements and their functions in the cyclization mechanism are studied. The analysis is carried out on several levels: thematic and ideological, compositional (presence / absence of framing story, peculiarities in the sequence of stories, etc.) and plot. As a conclusion, the identified features are brought together and systematized, their role in the cycle structure and understanding of the author’s pragmatics is described. / Работа посвящена изучению принципов циклизации в новеллистке Р. Брэдбери. Материал составили семь авторских сборников: «Темный карнавал» (1947), «Золотые яблоки солнца» (1953), «Лекарство от меланхолии» (1959), «Далеко за полночь» (1976), «В мгновенье ока» (1996), «Кошкина пижама» (2004) и «У нас всегда будет Париж» (2009). Данный выбор был сделан преимущественно на основании принадлежности сборников к разным этапам жизни и, как следствие, к разным периодам творчества писателя. Еще одним важным критерием послужило наличие в некоторых сборниках текстов, написанных в значительных временных интервалах, от шести до тридцати лет. В первой части работы уточняются понятия «цикл» и «циклизация», изучаются функции прозаического цикла и его роли в истории развития литературы, дается классификация разновидностей прозаического цикла с опорой на типологию внутренней структуры циклов, предложенную С. Нестеровой в диссертации «Циклическое текстопостроение в малой эпической прозе». Во второй части работы анализируются авторские сборники Р. Брэдбери. Основной задачей является изучение рассказов с целью обнаружить типичные для циклов Брэдбери связующие элементы, учитывая при этом уникальные черты и отличительные свойства каждого сборника: выявляются закономерности в структурах исследуемых циклов, описываются наиболее характерные для данных циклов элементы, выступающие в качестве объединяющих черт и переходящие из цикла в цикл, изучаются причины использования данных элементов и их функций в механизме циклизации. Анализ проводится на нескольких уровнях: тематическом и идейном, композиционном (наличие/отсутствие обрамляющей истории, особенности в выстраивании последовательности рассказов и т.п.) и сюжетном. В качестве вывода выявленные черты объединяются и систематизируются, описывается их роль в осуществлении циклизации и понимании авторского замысла.

This project consists of a union between sci-fi, magic, and realism. Using magic in the same contexts of realism is to make a legend come to life in our modern world. All three stories deal with difficult situations: the struggle of creation and insecurities, the struggle of suicide and overcoming traumatic experiences, the struggle of disabilities and disadvantages and turning it into strength. These topics are introduced through characters who find themselves coming up with solutions through fantastical means as outlets for their pain. In "She Who Fell in Love with the Sky and Sea," an artist and an unlikely mythical muse come together to create the best art the world has ever seen, yet the art becomes unclaimable to the artist at the twisted eyes of her muse. In "Death Date," death has visited Sola through a psychic prediction arriving with perfect timing. She is given one year to live. Struggling with a traumatic past, her death date encourages Sola to live out the rest of her days and stop her original plans. The Switch explores the conditions of living in dystopian lands with a neighboring land that is a utopia. This novel explores the life of Sain as he uncovers the mysterious disappearances of his fellow townspeople. On his journey, he discovers more than he wanted to know. Diving deeper into the governing rule of the Regime, Sain finds himself as a savior for not only his people but for the hidden people within the border. Sain, starting off weaker than most due to his father's negligence, must advance his axum, a power flowing within everyone at birth, and reduce the Regime to what it once was to reclaim what rightfully belongs to his people.

This thesis considers how Mori Ōgai’s “Maihime” (1890) and Su Manshu’s “Suizanji” (1916) conform and differ from Edgar Allen Poe’s theory of the short story. It then considers Ōgai’s and Su’s reading of the short stories and East Asian short fiction as well as Ōgai’s definition of the short story to consider why these works of short fiction differ from Poe’s definition, concluding that they are hybrid works, which seek to combine the short story and East Asian short fiction.

Chapter 1 outlines the aim of the study, research methodology, delimitation of scope and the definition of some terms. This is followed by a list of Zulu short stories which Ntuli has already contributed. His other contributions in circles outside the writing of fiction are also acknowledged. Finally, tribute is paid to some contributions made by Ntuli as an endeavour to uplift the standard of Zulu writing. In Chapter 2 plot structure is discussed. This is followed by an in-depth semiotic analysis of some short stories. Chapter 3 deals with the different narration techniques employed by the author in his short stories. Chapter 4 differentiates between actors and characters. Different methods of character portrayal are investigated. Chapter 5 concludes this dissertation by summarising the main finding of this study. It also brings forth some conclusions with regard to literary merit of Ntuli's short stories and his contribution to Zulu literature. / African Languages / M.A. (African Languages)

Fourteen short stories, with five interspersed vignettes, describe the lives of gay people in the southwestern United States, centered around a fictional gay country-and-western bar in Dallas and a small town in Oklahoma. Various characters, themes, and trajectories recur in the manner of a short story cycle, as explained in the prefatory Critical Analysis, which focuses on exemplary works of James Joyce, Ernest Hemingway, William Faulkner, Shirley Jackson, Italo Calvino, Yevgeny Kharitonov, and Louise Erdrich.

O trabalho pretende analisar o amadurecimento do conto no Brasil a partir da leitura das produções de Machado de Assis, Raul Pompeia e Lúcio de Mendonça publicadas na década de 1880, período que corresponde ao aparecimento de Papéis avulsos (1882) e Histórias sem data (1884), de Machado, do total dos contos de Pompeia em periódicos e da coletânea Esboços e perfis (1889), de Mendonça. Para tanto, far-se-á uma linha evolutiva do conto brasileiro a partir de seu surgimento ainda no período romântico de modo a compreender de que maneira a forma do conto atingiu uma maturidade expressiva e artística na década de 80, considerando-se o que de fundamental se conquistou ali como fontes para o conto moderno. / The work intends to analyze the maturation of the short story in Brazil from the reading of the productions of Machado de Assis, Raul Pompeia and Lúcio de Mendonça published in the years 1880, period that corresponds to the appearance of Papéis avulsos (1882) and Histórias sem data (1884), of Machado, of the total short stories of Pompeia in periodicals and the compilation Esboços e perfis (1889), de Mendonça. To do so, an evolutionary line of the Brazilian short story will be carried out from its emergence still in the Romantic period in order to understand how the form of the short story reached an expressive and artistic maturity in the 80´s, considering what of fundamental was conquered there as fountains for the modern short story.

O trabalho pretende analisar o amadurecimento do conto no Brasil a partir da leitura das produções de Machado de Assis, Raul Pompeia e Lúcio de Mendonça publicadas na década de 1880, período que corresponde ao aparecimento de Papéis avulsos (1882) e Histórias sem data (1884), de Machado, do total dos contos de Pompeia em periódicos e da coletânea Esboços e perfis (1889), de Mendonça. Para tanto, far-se-á uma linha evolutiva do conto brasileiro a partir de seu surgimento ainda no período romântico de modo a compreender de que maneira a forma do conto atingiu uma maturidade expressiva e artística na década de 80, considerando-se o que de fundamental se conquistou ali como fontes para o conto moderno. / The work intends to analyze the maturation of the short story in Brazil from the reading of the productions of Machado de Assis, Raul Pompeia and Lúcio de Mendonça published in the years 1880, period that corresponds to the appearance of Papéis avulsos (1882) and Histórias sem data (1884), of Machado, of the total short stories of Pompeia in periodicals and the compilation Esboços e perfis (1889), de Mendonça. To do so, an evolutionary line of the Brazilian short story will be carried out from its emergence still in the Romantic period in order to understand how the form of the short story reached an expressive and artistic maturity in the 80´s, considering what of fundamental was conquered there as fountains for the modern short story.

This study examines the myth of the surrogate power of canonicity by exposing the condition of liminality of the Zimbabwean short story genre within African literary canon. Building on the hypothesis that canonisation distorts literature the study postulates that literary canon produce predictable biases in construing the position of the short story. It fossilises and condenses the marginal genres to the extent that the existing canon repertoire hardly recognises them. The peripheral but de facto canon of the short story genre entertains a strong relationship of heteronomy to the mainstream/central canon. This thesis studies this relationship which determines canon formation within the African literary systems. It challenges the prevailing status quo in which the short story is polarised against other literary modes. The polarity creates a charged diametric force between the presumed canonical genres and the supposedly non-canonical short story mess. What lacks in this equation of conflicts is a sense of revival, reformation and continuity of the short story canon. The marginality of the short story canon is predicated on factors external to the genre itself, such as the influence of colonial institutions, collegiate institutions and publishers on writers. These factors pervade the dialectics of canonical marginality of the genre. The study, which argues that there is no unanimity on theory of canon, proposes Africulture, as both a theory and praxis of Afrocentricity, to function as an arbiter of short story literary reputation and consecration. The research reveres the autonomous value of African story-telling tradition which withstood the test and movement of time, in the process, surviving not only the historical-cum-cultural threat of colonial loss and canonical displacement, but also the throes and will power of new media and digital technologies. The ascendancy of the electronic short story genre to canonical status remains questionable. Critical controversies abound about the canonicity of electronic literature. The study employs Technauriture as a theoretical model for rethinking the transcendence of the electronic short story canon. The study concludes that, by virtue of its resilience, the short story ought to be treated as a wholesale and independent genre, worth of full scale appreciation. / African Languages / D. Litt. et Phil. (African Languages)

The aim of this thesis is to examine the position of short stories among Czech translations of foreign fiction. The theoretical part deals with the terminology and definition of this genre and outlines its history in both Czech and French cultural contexts up until today. When discussing Czech short story collections, it contrasts translations with books by Czech authors. This is also mentioned in interviews with editors and publishers, which are included in the empirical part of the thesis together with a corpus of short story collections translated from English and French and published between 1990 and 2017. The corpus is accompanied by a commentary. The third part of the thesis is a translation case study. It consists in choosing a French short story collection and offering it for publication. This part includes a review assessment of the book and the translation of four short stories, accompanied, for the purpose of this thesis, by a translation analysis. The rest of the publishing process is described theoretically. Key words short story, short story collection, translation literature, contemporary literature, corpus, interviews, publishing process