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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

IFRS e a divulgação das medidas de desempenho não-GAAP \"EBITDA\" e \" EBITDA Ajustado\" no cenário corporativo brasileiro / IFRS and the disclosure of non-GAAP performance measures \"EBITDA\" and \"Adjusted EBITDA\" in the Brazilian corporate scenario

Vasconcelos, Gabriela de Souza 07 December 2017 (has links)
O presente estudo tem por objetivo investigar as características e implicações da divulgação voluntária das medidas de desempenho não-GAAP \"EBITDA\" e \"EBITDA Ajustado\" em relatórios financeiros preparados conforme IFRS no cenário corporativo brasileiro. A principal preocupação relacionada a divulgações voluntárias é se de fato estas informações garantem a qualidade do processo decisório dos usuários. A natureza do estudo é empírico-teórica com abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa. Os dados documentais foram extraídos de três fontes: Thomson Reuters; relatórios anuais e press releases disponibilizados no site de cada companhia; e formulários de referência disponibilizados no site da CVM. A amostra selecionada é a do índice IBrX 100 e os dados analisados são dos períodos trimestrais e anuais de 2014 e 2015. Para coleta das percepções sobre o uso e divulgação das métricas estudadas, aplica-se o questionário semiestruturado com sócios de firmas BigFour. Os principais resultados qualitativos sugerem, em linhas gerais: que o uso e divulgação das medidas estudadas tem ocorrido de forma ampla, consistente e regular; que 79% dos ajustes adicionais efetuados pelas companhias por meio do EBITDA Ajustado são consequência de princípios e regras contábeis vigentes conforme IFRS; que os ajustes adicionais mais comuns efetuados pelas companhias são Impairment, Provisões, Correção de Erros e Equivalência Patrimonial; e que o uso e divulgação das medidas investigadas se faz necessário uma vez que a contabilidade não é suficiente para prover aos seus usuários uma medida que forneça o desempenho isolado da atividade operacional de uma companhia. Pode-se concluir com base nos resultados quantitativos deste estudo que empresas de maior porte, que aderem a níveis de governança corporativa e que possuem receitas líquidas menores, estão mais propensas a divulgar as medidas \"EBITDA\" e \"EBITDA Ajustado\". As evidências advindas deste estudo podem ser úteis para colaborar com a discussão atual de órgãos reguladores e normatizadores ao apontar o papel informativo de medidas alternativas de mensuração, mas não deixando de alertar que estes números necessitam ser acompanhados e fiscalizados pelos entes e instituições cabíveis. / The present study aims to investigate the characteristics and implications of the voluntary disclosure of non-GAAP performance measures \"EBITDA\" and \"Adjusted EBITDA\" in financial reports prepared under IFRS in the Brazilian corporate scenario. The main concern related to voluntary disclosures is whether this information actually guarantees the quality of the user\'s decision-making process. The nature of the study is empirical-theoretical with a qualitative and quantitative approach. Documentary data were extracted from three sources: Thomson Reuters; annual reports and press releases made available on each company\'s website; and reference forms available on the CVM website. The selected sample is the IBrX 100 index and the data analyzed are from the quarterly and annual periods of 2014 and 2015. To collect the perceptions about the use and disclosure of the metrics studied, the semi-structured questionnaire is applied with partners of BigFour firms. The main qualitative results suggest, in general lines: that the use and disclosure of the measures studied has occurred in a broad, consistent and regular way; that 79% of the additional adjustments made by the companies through Adjusted EBITDA are a consequence of accounting principles and rules according to IFRS; that the most common additional adjustments made by the companies are Impairment, Provisions, Errors and Equity Method; and that the use and disclosure of the measures investigated becomes necessary since accounting is not sufficient to provide its users with a measure that provides the isolated performance of a company\'s operating activity. It can be concluded from the quantitative results of this study that larger companies, which adhere to levels of corporate governance and have lower net revenues, are more likely to disclose the measures \"EBITDA\" and \"Adjusted EBITDA\". Evidence from this study may be useful to collaborate with the current discussion of regulators and regulators by pointing out the informative role of alternative measures of measurement, while noting that these figures need to be monitored and monitored by appropriate bodies and institutions.
2

IFRS e a divulgação das medidas de desempenho não-GAAP \"EBITDA\" e \" EBITDA Ajustado\" no cenário corporativo brasileiro / IFRS and the disclosure of non-GAAP performance measures \"EBITDA\" and \"Adjusted EBITDA\" in the Brazilian corporate scenario

Gabriela de Souza Vasconcelos 07 December 2017 (has links)
O presente estudo tem por objetivo investigar as características e implicações da divulgação voluntária das medidas de desempenho não-GAAP \"EBITDA\" e \"EBITDA Ajustado\" em relatórios financeiros preparados conforme IFRS no cenário corporativo brasileiro. A principal preocupação relacionada a divulgações voluntárias é se de fato estas informações garantem a qualidade do processo decisório dos usuários. A natureza do estudo é empírico-teórica com abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa. Os dados documentais foram extraídos de três fontes: Thomson Reuters; relatórios anuais e press releases disponibilizados no site de cada companhia; e formulários de referência disponibilizados no site da CVM. A amostra selecionada é a do índice IBrX 100 e os dados analisados são dos períodos trimestrais e anuais de 2014 e 2015. Para coleta das percepções sobre o uso e divulgação das métricas estudadas, aplica-se o questionário semiestruturado com sócios de firmas BigFour. Os principais resultados qualitativos sugerem, em linhas gerais: que o uso e divulgação das medidas estudadas tem ocorrido de forma ampla, consistente e regular; que 79% dos ajustes adicionais efetuados pelas companhias por meio do EBITDA Ajustado são consequência de princípios e regras contábeis vigentes conforme IFRS; que os ajustes adicionais mais comuns efetuados pelas companhias são Impairment, Provisões, Correção de Erros e Equivalência Patrimonial; e que o uso e divulgação das medidas investigadas se faz necessário uma vez que a contabilidade não é suficiente para prover aos seus usuários uma medida que forneça o desempenho isolado da atividade operacional de uma companhia. Pode-se concluir com base nos resultados quantitativos deste estudo que empresas de maior porte, que aderem a níveis de governança corporativa e que possuem receitas líquidas menores, estão mais propensas a divulgar as medidas \"EBITDA\" e \"EBITDA Ajustado\". As evidências advindas deste estudo podem ser úteis para colaborar com a discussão atual de órgãos reguladores e normatizadores ao apontar o papel informativo de medidas alternativas de mensuração, mas não deixando de alertar que estes números necessitam ser acompanhados e fiscalizados pelos entes e instituições cabíveis. / The present study aims to investigate the characteristics and implications of the voluntary disclosure of non-GAAP performance measures \"EBITDA\" and \"Adjusted EBITDA\" in financial reports prepared under IFRS in the Brazilian corporate scenario. The main concern related to voluntary disclosures is whether this information actually guarantees the quality of the user\'s decision-making process. The nature of the study is empirical-theoretical with a qualitative and quantitative approach. Documentary data were extracted from three sources: Thomson Reuters; annual reports and press releases made available on each company\'s website; and reference forms available on the CVM website. The selected sample is the IBrX 100 index and the data analyzed are from the quarterly and annual periods of 2014 and 2015. To collect the perceptions about the use and disclosure of the metrics studied, the semi-structured questionnaire is applied with partners of BigFour firms. The main qualitative results suggest, in general lines: that the use and disclosure of the measures studied has occurred in a broad, consistent and regular way; that 79% of the additional adjustments made by the companies through Adjusted EBITDA are a consequence of accounting principles and rules according to IFRS; that the most common additional adjustments made by the companies are Impairment, Provisions, Errors and Equity Method; and that the use and disclosure of the measures investigated becomes necessary since accounting is not sufficient to provide its users with a measure that provides the isolated performance of a company\'s operating activity. It can be concluded from the quantitative results of this study that larger companies, which adhere to levels of corporate governance and have lower net revenues, are more likely to disclose the measures \"EBITDA\" and \"Adjusted EBITDA\". Evidence from this study may be useful to collaborate with the current discussion of regulators and regulators by pointing out the informative role of alternative measures of measurement, while noting that these figures need to be monitored and monitored by appropriate bodies and institutions.
3

Low EV/EBITDA multiple: inefficient market or a hidden potential for Fortuna Entertainment Group? / Low EV/EBITDA multiple: inefficient market or a hidden potential for Fortuna Entertainment Group?

Bochkareva, Ekaterina January 2016 (has links)
This thesis was initiated by Penta Investment as a reaction on the significant difference in EV EBITDA multiple of Fortuna and its peers, European listed betting and gaming companies. It seeks to find the reason for more than twice higher multiple and a possibility to increase it by applying best international practices in case there is a feasible way to do it for Fortuna. Three hypotheses address the possible reasons for the difference, peers incomparability, market inefficiency and opportunity for Fortuna to increase the multiple by bringing the most influential KPIs the average level of its peers. The analysis is done with a help of comparative analysis, benchmarking, regression analysis and interviews of equity analysts. As a result, action plan for increasing EV EBITDA multiple for Fortuna is developed.
4

Efeitos hierárquicos na margem Ebitda: influências do tempo, firma e setor. / Hierarchycal effects in the EBITDA margin: influences of time, firm and industry

Alcalde, Adriano 21 September 2010 (has links)
Esta pesquisa explorou a controvérsia existente entre o meio empresarial e o meio acadêmico no tocante à utilização do EBITDA. Alguns autores acadêmicos apontam que este indicador tem pouca utilidade a não ser para comparar empresas de um mesmo segmento; por outro lado, o meio empresarial, utiliza fortemente o indicador para vários propósitos. Esta diferença de opiniões despertou o interesse em entender as razões dos dois lados e, em um aprofundamento maior, observar a utilidade do EBITDA em comparar empresas de um mesmo setor e em setores diferentes. Muito se escreveu sobre a utilidade que o indicador possui na comparação entre empresas, entretanto, ainda não se havia verificado, e tampouco se observado estatisticamente, como os números se comportam de fato. Este trabalho se propôs a estudar a questão sob prisma estatístico. A metodologia utilizada por esta pesquisa, HLM, Hierarchical Linear Modeling. Este método, se comparado aos métodos de regressão clássica é uma elevação, uma vez que é capaz de decompor as variâncias de cada fator. O objetivo maior deste trabalho seria, portanto, observar os comportamentos dos EBITDAs de empresas de um mesmo setor e setores diferentes, ao longo do tempo. As respostas que seriam obtidas poderiam indicar se de fato o indicador pode ser útil (ou não) para a comparação de empresas similares que atuem em um mesmo setor e como o a diferença entre setores era percebida. Os resultados desta pesquisa mostraram que há uma variabilidade significativa do EBITDA entre firmas de um mesmo setor. O mesmo não aconteceu para a variabilidade entre os setores diferentes, ou seja, há diferenças no EBITDA, ao longo do tempo, entre empresas de setores diferentes, no entanto, ela é muito inferior à existência de diferenças no EBITDA, ao longo do tempo, entre empresas do mesmo setor. O resultado coloca em questão a unânime capacidade comparativa do EBITDA. / This research explored the existing controversy between the business community and the academia regarding to the use of the EBITDA. Some academic authors suggest that this indicator has small utility except to compare firms within the same segment; on the other hand, the business environment, strongly use the indicator for many purposes. This difference of opinions has aroused the interest in understanding the reasons of the both sides, and in a greater depth, look at the usefulness of EBITDA to compare companies in the same sector and in different sectors. Much has been written about the usefulness of this indicator in the comparison between companies, however, had not yet seen, nor been observed statistically, the numbers actually behave. This study set out to study the issue in light of statistics. The methodology used in this study was HLM, Hierarchical Linear Modeling. This method, compared to classical regression methods is an elevation, since it is able to decompose the variance of each factor. The main objective of this study was, therefore, to observe the behavior of EBITDAs of firms within the same sector and different sectors, over time. The responses obtained could indicate whether the indicator indeed may be useful (or not) for comparison of similar firms that operate in the same sector and how difference between sectors was perceived. The results showed that there is significant variability in EBITDA between firms within the same sector. Not so for the variability among different sectors, ie, there are differences in EBITDA, over time, between companies of different sectors, however, it is much less than the existence of differences in EBITDA, over time, between firms in the same sector. The result puts in question the unanimous comparative utility of EBITDA.
5

Efeitos hierárquicos na margem Ebitda: influências do tempo, firma e setor. / Hierarchycal effects in the EBITDA margin: influences of time, firm and industry

Adriano Alcalde 21 September 2010 (has links)
Esta pesquisa explorou a controvérsia existente entre o meio empresarial e o meio acadêmico no tocante à utilização do EBITDA. Alguns autores acadêmicos apontam que este indicador tem pouca utilidade a não ser para comparar empresas de um mesmo segmento; por outro lado, o meio empresarial, utiliza fortemente o indicador para vários propósitos. Esta diferença de opiniões despertou o interesse em entender as razões dos dois lados e, em um aprofundamento maior, observar a utilidade do EBITDA em comparar empresas de um mesmo setor e em setores diferentes. Muito se escreveu sobre a utilidade que o indicador possui na comparação entre empresas, entretanto, ainda não se havia verificado, e tampouco se observado estatisticamente, como os números se comportam de fato. Este trabalho se propôs a estudar a questão sob prisma estatístico. A metodologia utilizada por esta pesquisa, HLM, Hierarchical Linear Modeling. Este método, se comparado aos métodos de regressão clássica é uma elevação, uma vez que é capaz de decompor as variâncias de cada fator. O objetivo maior deste trabalho seria, portanto, observar os comportamentos dos EBITDAs de empresas de um mesmo setor e setores diferentes, ao longo do tempo. As respostas que seriam obtidas poderiam indicar se de fato o indicador pode ser útil (ou não) para a comparação de empresas similares que atuem em um mesmo setor e como o a diferença entre setores era percebida. Os resultados desta pesquisa mostraram que há uma variabilidade significativa do EBITDA entre firmas de um mesmo setor. O mesmo não aconteceu para a variabilidade entre os setores diferentes, ou seja, há diferenças no EBITDA, ao longo do tempo, entre empresas de setores diferentes, no entanto, ela é muito inferior à existência de diferenças no EBITDA, ao longo do tempo, entre empresas do mesmo setor. O resultado coloca em questão a unânime capacidade comparativa do EBITDA. / This research explored the existing controversy between the business community and the academia regarding to the use of the EBITDA. Some academic authors suggest that this indicator has small utility except to compare firms within the same segment; on the other hand, the business environment, strongly use the indicator for many purposes. This difference of opinions has aroused the interest in understanding the reasons of the both sides, and in a greater depth, look at the usefulness of EBITDA to compare companies in the same sector and in different sectors. Much has been written about the usefulness of this indicator in the comparison between companies, however, had not yet seen, nor been observed statistically, the numbers actually behave. This study set out to study the issue in light of statistics. The methodology used in this study was HLM, Hierarchical Linear Modeling. This method, compared to classical regression methods is an elevation, since it is able to decompose the variance of each factor. The main objective of this study was, therefore, to observe the behavior of EBITDAs of firms within the same sector and different sectors, over time. The responses obtained could indicate whether the indicator indeed may be useful (or not) for comparison of similar firms that operate in the same sector and how difference between sectors was perceived. The results showed that there is significant variability in EBITDA between firms within the same sector. Not so for the variability among different sectors, ie, there are differences in EBITDA, over time, between companies of different sectors, however, it is much less than the existence of differences in EBITDA, over time, between firms in the same sector. The result puts in question the unanimous comparative utility of EBITDA.
6

EV/EBITDA : är det supermultipeln som kan generera överavkastning? / EV/EBITDA : is it the super multiple which can generate excess return?

Karlsson, Sandra, Najafi, Anna-Maria January 2011 (has links)
Bakgrund: Effektiva marknadshypotesen innebär att det inte går att utnyttja systematiska avvikelser på marknaden. Trots det finns det etablerade investeringsstrategier som investerare använder sig av för att generera överavkastning. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka huruvida det går att generar överavkastning genom att investera i företag som uppvisar en låg eller hög EV/EBITDA-multipel. Variablerna bransch och risk kommer även att undersökas med utgångspunkt från den eventuella förekomsten av en investeringsstrategi som genererar överavkastning. Genomförande: Teori inom området har byggt upp en grundförståelse för problemet, empiri har sedan hämtats från de olika företagen för att få fram EV/EBITDA-multiplar till de ingående portföljerna i studien. Aktiekurser har även inhämtats för att bygga grunden till empirin. Resultatet har sedan jämförts med OMXSPI samt med den riskjusterade avkastningen. Resultat: Av resultatet framkommer att det går att utnyttja en investeringsstrategi där investering görs i låga EV/EBITDA-multiplar. Effekten är tydlig på hela Stockholmsbörsen, samt i två av de undersökta branscherna, sällanköpsvaror och tillverkningsindustrin. Det spelar ingen roll vilken riskpreferens investeraren har då portföljer med låga multiplar genererar högst avkastning och även innehåller lägst betavärde. / Background: The efficient market hypothesis alleges that an investor cannot systematically earn excess return. However there are established investment strategies that are being used in the stock market to obtain this excess return Aim: The aim of the thesis is to examine if it is possible to earn excess returns by investing in companies that indicate a low or high EV/EBITDA multiple. The variables industry and risk will also be examined with the possible presence of an investment strategy where excess return can be obtained as a base. Completion: Theory within the field has built an understanding of the problem, empirics have then been gathered to obtain EV/EBITDA multiples and stock prices to perform the study. Portfolios of high and low multiples have been composed to analyze the result. The result has been compared to the development of the OMXSPI index and to the risk adjusted return for the portfolios. Result: The result shows that an investment strategy where investments are made in a low EV/EBITDA-multiple can be used to earn excess return on the Swedish stock market. The effect is most present at the Stockholm stock exchange and in the manufacturing industry and industry for durable goods. The investors risk aversion does not affect the decision, thus low multiples generate the highest return with the lowest beta value.
7

EBIT eller EBITDA? : Med syfte att uppnå överavkastning / EBIT or EBITDA? : With the purpose of achieving abnormal returns

Gärde, Johannes, Otterman, Nils January 2017 (has links)
Bakgrund: Omfattande forskning har visat på att investeringsstrategier kan användas för att kontinuerligt uppnå överavkastning gentemot index. Multiplarna EV/EBIT och EV/EBITDA är vanliga inslag i investeringsstrategier eftersom de båda ses som en nära approximation av ett företags operativa kassaflöde, samtidigt som de tar hänsyn till företagets kapitalstruktur. Även om det bara är avskrivningarna som skiljer multiplarna åt anse r vi att andelen investeringar i ett företag utgör en fundamental grund för dess långsiktiga värdeskapande. Av denna anledning finns det ett intresse i att undersöka hur kapitalintensiteten påverkar en investeringsstrategis förmåga att generera överavkastning som grundar sig på multiplarna EV/EBIT och EV/EBITDA. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att jämföra multiplarna EV/EBIT och EV/EBITDAs förmåga att generera överavkastning på Stockholmsbörsen. Metod: För studien har en kvantitativ metod använts med en deduktiv ansats för att samla in och bearbeta data om bolag listade på Stockholmsbörsen under perioden 2005 - 2016. Dessa bolag har utgjort grunden för tolv olika portföljer som skilt sig åt med avseende på multipel och innehavsperiod. För att statistiskt säkerställa studiens resultat har parvisa t-tester använts. Resultat: Av tolv portföljer har nio uppnått riskjusterad överavkastning gentemot jämförelseindex OMXSPI. Resultatet har kunnat säkerställas statistiskt för sju portföljer inom dubbelsidiga konfidensintervall på mellan 90 - 99 procent. En investering i låga multipelvärden för EV/EBIT tillsammans med en innehavsperiod på sex månader genererar den högsta ackumulerade avkastningen, både innan och efter justering för risk. I kontrast genererar en investering i höga multipelvärden för EV/EBIT den lägsta ackumulerade avkastningen under den studerade tidsperioden. / Background: Extensive research has shown that investment strategies can be used to achieve continuous abnormal returns in comparison to an index. Many investment strategies are based on the multiples EV/EBIT and EV/EBITDA. These multiples suffice as an approximation of the company’s operational cash flow while taking into account the capital structure. Even though it is only the depreciation and amortization that sets the two multiples apart, we argue that the need for investments constitute a fundamental part of creating long term stakeholder value. For this reason we find it interesting to study how the capital intensity affects an investment strategy’s ability to generate returns based on the multiples EV/EBIT and EV/EBITDA. Aim: The aim with this study is to compare the multiples EV/EBIT and EV/EBITDA’s ability to generate returns on the Stockholm Stock Exchange. Methodology: The study has used a quantitative method with a deductive approach in order to collect and process data for companies listed on the Stockholm Stock Exchange during the time period 2005 – 2016. These companies have constituted the base for a ranking process, ultimately leading to the creation of twelve portfolios that differ with regard to the type of multiple and holding period. In order to statistically verify the results of the study we have used pairwise t-tests. Results: Out of twelve portfolios nine have achieved risk adjusted abnormal returns in comparison with the index OMXSPI. The results could be verified statistically for seven portfolios within a double-sided confidence interval of between 90-99 percent. An investment in low multiple values for EV/EBIT with a holding period of six months generates the highest accumulated return, both before and after adjustment for risk. In contrast, an investment in high multiple values for EV/EBIT generates the lowest accumulated return during the studied time period.
8

Ocenění společnosti Verizon Communications / Valuation of the company Verizon Communications

Beneš, Ondřej January 2012 (has links)
The main objective of this thesis is to valuate the company Verizon Communications, Inc. Master thesis is divided into two main parts -- theoretical and practical. Theoretical part includes description of methods used in the practical part, especially introduces steps and methods of valuation. Practical part contains strategical analysis, financial analysis for years 2008 -- 2012 and financial plan for years 2013 -- 2017. Based on the preceding steps the lone valuation is carried out. Valuation is carried out by two different methods. The first one is the discounted cash flow method in FCFF version and the second is valuation by EBITDA sector multiple.
9

The effect of acquired company EBITDA on the deal value within M&A context : A study on the Pharmaceutical sector

Perianu, Armand-Valeriu, Copãceanu, Constantin January 2019 (has links)
This thesis examines the impact of the valuation multiple ‘earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization’ (EBITDA) on the ‘merger and acquisition’ (M&A) activity and deal value. For small firms, mergers are primarily an exit strategy for firms in financial trouble, as indicated by few marketed products and low cash-sales ratios. Meanwhile, mergers and acquisitions for large drug makers is a way to leverage their sales networks and benefit from monopolies from patents. The paper analyses the impact size of EBITDA, assuming it is positive and smaller than 8% of the deal value. This thesis examines 46 cases within European Union for a period of 10 years between 2009 to 2018. The conclusion reached is that EBITDA valuation multiple has a significant negative impact on the purchase price but with little effect in the pharmaceutical industry as the focus is always put on the operational synergies that the target’s assets can bring compared to its earnings and sale prowess.
10

Charakteristika, rozbor a využití finančního ukazatele EBITDA ve vybraných firmách / Characteristics, Analysis and Use of Financial Indicators EBITDA in chosen Firms

Lacina, Petr January 2010 (has links)
The theoretical part of diploma thesis there are contains a general analysis and various approaches to the use of EBITDA. The practical part documents the process which uses EBITDA in the relative valuation of the shares of Telefonica O2 Czech Republic, a. s. and other alternative uses of this indicator on a sample of comparable companies to Telefónica O2 Czech Republic, a. s.

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