Abstract Key words: ferrite process, extend type of ferrite process, elutriation The way, treating waste liquid in laboratory, currently is almost the sending to treatment factory run by the local people after collecting classification. For a long time in collection and the various sources in production of the above liquid, the waste from laboratory displays not having large variation of component but also knowing hardly the true constitution. Thus, to achieve the objective of a proper treatment is not easy in truth In this work, a ferrite process (denoted by FP) was used to develop a method that could completely treat the waste liquid of laboratory containing heavy metal in solutions. The waste liquid synthesized with ten common ions of heavy metal such as Cd, Cu, Pb, Cr, Zn, Ag, Hg, Ni, Sn and Mn for each concentration of 0.002 M, and total concentration of heavy metal mixed in solution was 0.02 M. The performance of treatment in FP was judging by that the concentration of all heavy metals in filtered solution and the heavy metal containing in sediment sludge should be both below the regulations of effluent standards and TCLP standards. It was found that the conventional FP could not meet the goal of performance. As a result, we develop the type of extend reaction of FP to improve the performance of conventional FP. The base of theory was to maintain enough concentration of ferrous ion for beneficial reaction going continuously. We found that extend type FP accurately did improve the sludge quality to meet the TCLP standards and the plus-adding was better than the continuous-adding in two kinds of dosage input into reactor, but it would raise the operation cost for overextended reaction. Thus, we designed a wash-cleaning method to decrease the cost and to confirm a further quality of sludge in extend FP. Base on the achievements of this study, combining the commercial technology of ion exchange, we recommended a complete flow-chart to the user or plant owner to design the treatment plant.

It is because the ¡§Birth Rate Declination¡¨ is arrival. The competition of each child is to turn a white-hot stage. In addition, the concept of ¡§Whole Personal Education¡¨ is growing up, which parents are not only focusing on the entrance examination which children have to study in the cram schools. In today, parents are focusing on the omnidirectional technological skills. Therefore, the cram schools which are in Taiwan have already changed their teaching strategies. Originally, the doctrine is to enter higher level schools; however, the doctrine is to have different talents. As a result, each kind of cram school marches toward multidisciplinary period. In this competitive period, parents select talent cram schools with strict rules and many managers of cram schools are also finding out key elements that cause satisfaction from parents. The key elements are as following. First, the customers¡¦ ideology is developed; second, the quality of service is superior or inferior; third, the form of business is excellent or not; fourth, the competitive condition of price, etc., This research paper provides two famous cram schools that are very famous and have branch offices in south Taiwan as examples. Moreover, this research paper will investigate the relation between the quality of service, the form of business, sense of price, and customers¡¦ satisfaction. There are five hundred questionnaires. Three hundred questionnaires are assigned from percussion instrument classes, and the quantities of responses are two hundred and eighty-two questionnaires. Two hundred questionnaires are assigned from dancing classes, and the quantities of responses are one hundred and fifty-three questionnaires. The percentages of responses are eighty-seven. After analyzing, this research paper discovers some conclusion as following: 1. In price part, two units group of parents who have higher educational degree and income make more senses about price than lower group parents. Furthermore, in percussion instrument classes, female make more senses than males about price. In contrast, males make more senses than females in dancing classes. 2. In the quality of service, there are three ideas that are responses, care, and tangibles. In these three ideas, females can have the agreement easier than males with cram schools. Two units group of parents have obvious difference in response. The parents who are from percussion instrument classes do not satisfied with responses, but parents who are from dancing classes agree with the responses. 3. In percussion instrument classes, parents pay much attention to the form of business; even it makes a stay in classes. 4. In customers¡¦ satisfaction, two units group of parents who are in this research express that females feel satisfied more than males. 5. In census, there are not so many distinct varieties. However, there are only few obvious varieties which are professional part, educational part, and family state etc., in percussion instrument classes. In professional part, the obvious varieties are ¡§the tangible of service quality.¡¨ In educational part, the obvious varieties are ¡§the form of business.¡¨ In family state, the obvious varieties are ¡§the credit of business.¡¨ In contrast, in dancing classes, there are two obvious varieties which are professional part and family state. In professional part, the obvious varieties are ¡§the sense of price.¡¨ In family state, the obvious varieties are ¡§the customers¡¦ satisfaction.¡¨

<p>Evaporation is a part of the chemical recovery department at wood pulping mills. The purpose of evaporation is to remove water from the black liquor, which makes the liquor combustible. The process is very energy demanding, and having a well-functioning model of the system is of greatest interest. The model can then be used to study energy consumption and to test different control strategies. </p><p>Two models have been developed during the master thesis. The main model is a complete model of the evaporation at Södra Cell Mönsterås and has been constructed using the simulation program Extend. The Extend model is a block based, static model, which describes energy and mass flows of liquor, steam and condensate. </p><p>The other model consists of a dynamic, parametric model created using the System Identification Toolbox in MATLAB. However, the dynamic model only considers some parts of the evaporation. </p><p>Finally, some suggestions of further development and usage of the models are given.</p>

Evaporation is a part of the chemical recovery department at wood pulping mills. The purpose of evaporation is to remove water from the black liquor, which makes the liquor combustible. The process is very energy demanding, and having a well-functioning model of the system is of greatest interest. The model can then be used to study energy consumption and to test different control strategies. Two models have been developed during the master thesis. The main model is a complete model of the evaporation at Södra Cell Mönsterås and has been constructed using the simulation program Extend. The Extend model is a block based, static model, which describes energy and mass flows of liquor, steam and condensate. The other model consists of a dynamic, parametric model created using the System Identification Toolbox in MATLAB. However, the dynamic model only considers some parts of the evaporation. Finally, some suggestions of further development and usage of the models are given.

Fashion involves more than material garments. It is extended to the settings surrounding it. We wear and dress in more than clothes, we do it in scents and lights, in objects and images. Today, when fashion mostly is consumed in pictures - a representation of the physical garment - there is a need for a shifted view of what fashion design is and potentially can become. This work aims to explore and extend the domain of fashion by using text titles as a catalyst for creative activity and seek to move beyond traditional outlets of fashion. Each title becomes a project in itself. Together they form a collection of products in the widest sense that informs the logics of my practice and pose as a suggestion for an alternative approach to collection making as well as to what contemporary fashion design can incorporate.

<p>This thesis work was made for Södra Cell Mörrums bruk in Blekinge. The purpose of the work was to develop a computer model in the simulation program Extend for the removal and balance of organic oxygen consuming substances, measured as COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), in the new biological treatment plant in the mill. The plant produces two different pulp products, TCF- (Totally Chlorine Free) pulp and ECF- (Elementary Chlorine Free) pulp, for sale. The different bleaching procedures affect the characteristic of the wastewater and thus the effectiveness of the biological treatment plant.</p><p>In the model that was developed the COD in the wastewater was divided into five different COD-fractions: soluble easily degradable (SS), soluble hardly degradable (SR), soluble inert (SI), particulate inert (XI) and particulate biomass (XB). To create the model FlowMac™ was used as a base. FlowMac™ is a library module in Extend adapted for pulp and paper mills. Some of the blocks only needed a slight modification while others, for example the sedimentation basin and the bioblocks, had to be done from scratch. The calibration of the model was made from data from a period of eleven weeks and a validation was made from data that differed as much as possible from the calibration data. Then the model was used to find out in what way an increase in production to 480 000 annual tons should affect the discharge of organic oxygen consumption substances.</p><p>Results from the model indicates that the goals for the total COD-discharge will be hard to achieve with an increase in production to 480 000 annual tons. Despite the fact that production of TCF-pulp generates more COD than ECF-production the total discharge of COD is lower at TCF-production. The reason is that easier degradable COD is generated in TCF-bleaching. One of the major problems is that the torrent of water that is bypassed the biological treatment plant contains a large amount of COD and the efficiency of the treatment plant must be very high if the goals for the total COD-discharge shouldn’t be exceeded.</p> / <p>Det här examensarbetet gjordes för Södra Cell på Mörrums Bruk i Blekinge. Arbetet bestod i att göra en modell i simuleringsprogrammet Extend över nedbrytningen och massbalansen av organiska syreförbrukande ämnen, mätt som COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), i den nybyggda biologiska reningsanläggningen på bruket. Mörrums bruk är en sulfatmassafabrik som producerar både TCF- (Totally Chlorine Free) och ECF- (Elementary Chlorine Free) massa för avsalu. De olika blekningsmetoderna påverkar sammansättningen på avloppsvattnet och därmed också den biologiska reningsanläggningens reduktion av COD.</p><p>I modellen som utvecklades delades inkommande COD i obehandlat vatten upp i fem olika COD-fraktioner: löst lättnedbrytbart (SS), löst svårnedbrytbart (SR), löst inert (SI), partikulärt inert (XI) och partikulärt nedbrytbart COD i form av biomassa (XB). För att bygga modellen användes FlowMac™ som utgångspunkt. FlowMac™ är en biblioteksmodul i Extend avpassad för pappersbruk. En del block behövde bara modifieras medan andra block, t.ex. sedimenteringen och bioblocken, fick byggas till. Modellen kalibrerades med medelvärden från en elvaveckorsperiod och en validering gjordes med data från några veckor med mer extrema värden på inkommande vatten. Med modellen gjordes en simulering för att undersöka vad en produktionsökning till 480 000 årston skulle innebära med avseende på utsläppen av organiska syreförbrukande ämnen.</p><p>Resultat från modellen tyder på att det vid en ökning av produktionen till 480 000 årston blir svårt att nå de uppställda totala utsläppsmålen för COD. Vid produktion av TCF-massa bildas mer COD men utsläppsmängderna är lägre än vid ECF-produktion. Anledningen är att den COD som bildas ut vid TCF-blekning innehåller en större mängd lättnedbrytbart COD. En bidragande orsak till att det blir svårt att hålla utsläppsmålen för COD är att de flöden som leds förbi reningsanläggningen innehåller mycket COD vilket gör att verkningsgraden över reningsanläggningen måste vara hög för att klara målen för totala COD-utsläppet.</p>

This thesis work was made for Södra Cell Mörrums bruk in Blekinge. The purpose of the work was to develop a computer model in the simulation program Extend for the removal and balance of organic oxygen consuming substances, measured as COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), in the new biological treatment plant in the mill. The plant produces two different pulp products, TCF- (Totally Chlorine Free) pulp and ECF- (Elementary Chlorine Free) pulp, for sale. The different bleaching procedures affect the characteristic of the wastewater and thus the effectiveness of the biological treatment plant. In the model that was developed the COD in the wastewater was divided into five different COD-fractions: soluble easily degradable (SS), soluble hardly degradable (SR), soluble inert (SI), particulate inert (XI) and particulate biomass (XB). To create the model FlowMac™ was used as a base. FlowMac™ is a library module in Extend adapted for pulp and paper mills. Some of the blocks only needed a slight modification while others, for example the sedimentation basin and the bioblocks, had to be done from scratch. The calibration of the model was made from data from a period of eleven weeks and a validation was made from data that differed as much as possible from the calibration data. Then the model was used to find out in what way an increase in production to 480 000 annual tons should affect the discharge of organic oxygen consumption substances. Results from the model indicates that the goals for the total COD-discharge will be hard to achieve with an increase in production to 480 000 annual tons. Despite the fact that production of TCF-pulp generates more COD than ECF-production the total discharge of COD is lower at TCF-production. The reason is that easier degradable COD is generated in TCF-bleaching. One of the major problems is that the torrent of water that is bypassed the biological treatment plant contains a large amount of COD and the efficiency of the treatment plant must be very high if the goals for the total COD-discharge shouldn’t be exceeded. / Det här examensarbetet gjordes för Södra Cell på Mörrums Bruk i Blekinge. Arbetet bestod i att göra en modell i simuleringsprogrammet Extend över nedbrytningen och massbalansen av organiska syreförbrukande ämnen, mätt som COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), i den nybyggda biologiska reningsanläggningen på bruket. Mörrums bruk är en sulfatmassafabrik som producerar både TCF- (Totally Chlorine Free) och ECF- (Elementary Chlorine Free) massa för avsalu. De olika blekningsmetoderna påverkar sammansättningen på avloppsvattnet och därmed också den biologiska reningsanläggningens reduktion av COD. I modellen som utvecklades delades inkommande COD i obehandlat vatten upp i fem olika COD-fraktioner: löst lättnedbrytbart (SS), löst svårnedbrytbart (SR), löst inert (SI), partikulärt inert (XI) och partikulärt nedbrytbart COD i form av biomassa (XB). För att bygga modellen användes FlowMac™ som utgångspunkt. FlowMac™ är en biblioteksmodul i Extend avpassad för pappersbruk. En del block behövde bara modifieras medan andra block, t.ex. sedimenteringen och bioblocken, fick byggas till. Modellen kalibrerades med medelvärden från en elvaveckorsperiod och en validering gjordes med data från några veckor med mer extrema värden på inkommande vatten. Med modellen gjordes en simulering för att undersöka vad en produktionsökning till 480 000 årston skulle innebära med avseende på utsläppen av organiska syreförbrukande ämnen. Resultat från modellen tyder på att det vid en ökning av produktionen till 480 000 årston blir svårt att nå de uppställda totala utsläppsmålen för COD. Vid produktion av TCF-massa bildas mer COD men utsläppsmängderna är lägre än vid ECF-produktion. Anledningen är att den COD som bildas ut vid TCF-blekning innehåller en större mängd lättnedbrytbart COD. En bidragande orsak till att det blir svårt att hålla utsläppsmålen för COD är att de flöden som leds förbi reningsanläggningen innehåller mycket COD vilket gör att verkningsgraden över reningsanläggningen måste vara hög för att klara målen för totala COD-utsläppet.

For many enterprises, brand extension has played an important role in the new products developement and brand strategy. By using brand extension, corporation could reduce costs and effectivly gain their reputation while they sell new products. Recently, certain reserch about brand extension have shown that the key factor of successful brand extension lies in the connection between consumer brand extension and parent brand, the more related of the brands and the products, the higher of the effect of brand extension. In addition, self-construals also make effects in understanding the effects of brand extensions. In this study, we form the concept from this base and would like to exam the further extension effect of brand concept and the distance of each case. Also, we would like to testify how would different self-construals of consumer products works while they evaluate the products and try to examine their influence to consumer through advertising techniques by the extension of self-construals and product reviews. In this study, we use really existed brand as our studing case ,"Nike", "Adidas" and "New balance". We would like to explore the different brand extension degree lie in several types of consumer self-construals from the case. In this study, based on attitude function theory, we form the questions toward advertising manipulation of different attitudes inoder to explore whether consumer self-construals affect cognition, and thus affect the extension of consumer product evaluation. The results indicate that, in general, different types of consumer self-construals for evaluation of the product from the extension make significant difference in distance extension products. When the parent brand as a functional brand concept, no matter the distance or distance extension products, self-construals on the extension of product evaluation is not significant. The study also find that different attitude affects advertising strategy for the consumer, and have no significant effects for self-construals. In addition, they can not affect the extension of product evaluation.

The continuous growth in power system electric grid by adding new substations lead to construct many new transmission lines, transformers, control devices, and circuit breakers to connect the capacity (generators) to the demand (loads). These components will have a very heavy influence on the performance of the electric grid. The renewable technical solutions for these issues can be found by robust algorithms which can give us a full picture of the current state of the electrical network by monitoring the behavior of phase and voltage magnitude. In this thesis, the major idea is to implement several algorithms including weighted least square, extend kalman filter, and interior point method in three different electrical networks including IEEE 14, 30, and 118 to compare the performance of these algorithms which is represented by the behavior of phases and magnitude voltages as well as minimize the residual of the balance load flow real time measurements to distinguish which one is more robust. Also to have a particular understanding of the comparison between unconstraint and constraint algorithms.

Includes supplemental material / Hostile acts of maritime piracy and terrorism have increased worldwide in recent years, and the global impacts of a successful attack on commercial shipping in the Straits of Malacca make it one of the most tempting target locations for maritime terrorism. In an attempt to develop a system of systems to defeat and prevent terrorism in the Straits of Malacca, this study developed three significant commercial shipping attack scenarios (Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) shipment, Ship As a Weapon (SAW), and Small Boat Attack (SBA)), and used a Systems Engineering Design Process (SEDP) to design alternative architectures that offered promising ways to defeat these attacks. Maritime Domain Protection (MDP) architecture alternatives combined five separate systems: a Land Inspection System, a Sensor System, a Command and Control, Communications, and Intelligence (C3I) System, a Response Force System, and a Sea Inspection System. Individual models for each system were developed and combined into overarching integrated architecture models to evaluate overall performance. The study results showed that solutions tended to be threat-specific, and current capabilities were mixed. While solutions were found to effectively reduce risk in all threat scenarios, these sometimes came at great expense. Alternatively, cost-effective solutions were also found for each scenario, but these sometimes gave limited performance.