Submitted by WESLEY MACEDO FERNANDES (wesleymacedo@hotmail.com) on 2018-06-26T01:38:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Final.pdf: 3794168 bytes, checksum: de8816420d5460ce11f5bc7fc1af1313 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Satie Tagara (satie@marilia.unesp.br) on 2018-06-26T14:59:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandes_wm_me_mar.pdf: 3794168 bytes, checksum: de8816420d5460ce11f5bc7fc1af1313 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-26T14:59:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandes_wm_me_mar.pdf: 3794168 bytes, checksum: de8816420d5460ce11f5bc7fc1af1313 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-25 / Não recebi financiamento / Ao projetar a Arquitetura da Informação de ambientes informacionais, é necessário considerar aspectos inerentes aos sistemas de informação e aos sujeitos informacionais, de modo que a encontrabilidade da informação ocorra de forma satisfatória. No âmbito desta pesquisa, a ampliação da produção científica em repositórios institucionais e o aumento da utilização de dispositivos móveis revelam a importância de estes ambientes informacionais digitais estarem preparados para serem acessados a partir de diversos tipos de dispositivos com possibilidade de potencializar a encontrabilidade da informação disponível. Objetivamos, a partir desta premissa, compreender de que forma ocorre a encontrabilidade da informação em repositórios institucionais a partir do uso de dispositivos móveis, com ênfase no Repositório Institucional UNESP. Para realizar o estudo utilizamos o método quadripolar para estruturar a pesquisa, de modo que: no polo epistemológico realizamos o enquadramento de nosso objeto de pesquisa no escopo da Ciência da Informação; no polo teórico trazemos aportes conceituais a respeito de repositórios digitais, encontrabilidade da Informação e dispositivos móveis; no polo técnico utilizamos uma triangulação metodológica com os instrumentos de checklist, teste com eye tracking e entrevistas para avaliar o referido ambiente; e, por fim, no polo morfológico encontramos a apresentação de nossos resultados, trazendo além da dissertação a contribuição de recomendações acerca da encontrabilidade da informação em repositórios digitais acessados por meio de dispositivos móveis. / When designing the Information Architecture of informational environments, it is necessary to consider inherent aspects of information systems and informational subjects, so that the information's adequacy occurs satisfactorily. In the scope of this research, the expansion of scientific production in institutional repositories and the increase in the use of mobile devices reveal the importance of these digital information environments being prepared to be accessed from several types of devices with the possibility of enhancing the availability of available information. Based on this premise, we intend to understand how Information Findability occurs in institutional repositories from the use of mobile devices, with emphasis on the Institutional Repository UNESP. In order to carry out the study we use the Quadripolar Method to structure the research, so that: in the epistemological pole we make the framework of our research object in the Information Science; in the theoretical pole we bring conceptual contributions regarding digital repositories, information retrieval and mobile devices; in the technical center we used a methodological triangulation with the tools of checklist, test with eye tracking and interviews to evaluate the said environment; and, finally, in the morphological pole we find the presentation of our results, bringing beyond the dissertation the contribution of recommendations about the Information Findability in digital repositories accessed through mobile devices.

La gestion du risque d'inondation a évolué d'une approche structurelle à une politique nonstructurelle supportée par des outils graphiques, dont les cartes, présents à toutes les étapes de la gestion du risque d'inondation. Cependant, si elles sont parmi les meilleurs outils pour la représentation, la communication et l'aide à la décision, ces cartes se caractérisent par des lacunes dans leur figuration, notamment en raison d'une faible prise en compte de la maîtrise d'usage lors de leur conception. L'objectif principal de cette recherche est de définir les règles cartographiques spécifiques à différentes catégories d'acteurs directement usagers des cartes lors d'une phase d'évacuation (habitants, décideurs locaux et force de secours) en tenant compte de leurs caractéristiques et de leurs questions afin de produire des cartes plus efficaces pour la gestion de cette étape. Dans cette logique, l'application IMaDeS (Interactive Map Design System) a été développée pour permettre aux destinataires de co-concevoir leurs cartes dont les parangons sont évalués par oculométrie couplée à un questionnaire. / Flood risk management has evolved from a structural approach to a non-structural policy supported by graphical tools (including maps), present at all stages of the flood risk management. However, although they are among the best tools for representation, communication and decision-making, these maps are characterized by gaps in their figuration, particularly because of a weak integration of their use in the design. The main objective of this research is to define the specific mapping rules for different categories of stakeholders who are the end-users of maps during an evacuation (inhabitants, local decision-makers and rescue forces) by using their characteristics and their issues to produce more efficient maps in order to manage evacuation. Toward this goal, the IMaDeS application (Interactive Map Design System) was developed to allow stakeholders to co-build their maps and the most representative templates are evaluated by eye-tracking paired with a questionnaire.

abstract: Electronic books or eBooks have the potential to revolutionize the way humans read and learn. eBooks offer many advantages such as simplicity, ease of use, eco-friendliness, and portability. The advancement of technology has introduced many forms of multimedia objects into eBooks, which may help people learn from them. To help the readers understand and comprehend a concept that is put forward by the author of an eBook, there is ongoing research involving the use of augmented reality (AR) in education. This study explores how AR and three-dimensional interactive models are integrated into eBooks to help the readers comprehend the content quickly and swiftly. It compares the reading activities of people when they experience these two visual representations within an eBook. This study required participants to interact with some instructional material presented on an eBook and complete a learning measure. While interacting with the eBook, participants were equipped with a set of physiological devices, namely an ABM EEG headset and eye tracker during the experiment to collect biometric data that could be used to objectively measure their user experience. Fifty college students participated in this study. The data collected from each of the participants was used to analyze the reading activities of people by performing an Independent Samples t-test. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Computer Science 2017

The research presented in this thesis represents a body of work which addresses issues in medical imaging, primarily as it applies to breast cancer screening and laparoscopic surgery. The concern here is how computer based methods can aid medical practitioners in these tasks. Thus, research is presented which develops both new techniques of analysing radiologists performance data and also new approaches of examining surgeons visual behaviour when they are undertaking laparoscopic training. Initially a new chest X-Ray self-assessment application is described which has been developed to assess and improve radiologists performance in detecting lung cancer. Then, in breast cancer screening, a method of identifying potential poor performance outliers at an early stage in a national self-assessment scheme is demonstrated. Additionally, a method is presented to optimize whether a radiologist, in using this scheme, has correctly localised and identified an abnormality or made an error. One issue in appropriately measuring radiological performance in breast screening is that both the size of clinical monitors used and the difficulty in linking the medical image to the observer s line of sight hinders suitable eye tracking. Consequently, a new method is presented which links these two items. Laparoscopic surgeons have similar issues to radiologists in interpreting a medical display but with the added complications of hand-eye co-ordination. Work is presented which examines whether visual search feedback of surgeons operations can be useful training aids.

No description available.

L’objectif de ce travail de thèse est de voir dans quelle mesure la motivation participe à l’engagement des processus attentionnels pour la sélection et le traitement des informations lors d’une activité de recherche visuelle. Lorsque la recherche visuelle est orientée par un but (comme une consigne) le comportement visuel d’exploration est modifié (sélection et traitement des informations). La recherche d’information suppose également un engagement de l’individu pour atteindre le but fixé en mettant en place des comportements adaptés. Cet engagement traduit une motivation qui est ici appréhendée au travers de la théorie de l’assignation d’objectif (Locke & Latham, 1990, 2002; Latham & Locke, 2007). Une tâche de recherche visuelle d’une cible spécifique, nommée par sa catégorie sur-ordonnée parmi des distracteurs de catégorie sémantique différente, associée à une consigne spécifique (de vitesse, de précision ou de faire de son mieux) ont été utilisées pour répondre aux objectifs de recherche. Les objectifs des travaux présentés ici étaient de (1) rendre compte de l’effet de l’assignation d’objectif sur le comportement de recherche, (2) étudier la relation entre l’objectif assigné et la spécificité de la tâche et (3) observer l’effet du contexte sémantique sur l’assignation d’objectif. Les trois expériences menées ont permis de mettre en évidence une relation entre la motivation et l’attention sur le comportement visuel de recherche. Ce travail de thèse ouvre sur des perspectives de recherche dans des situations plus écologiques comme les sites web ou les jeux vidéo. / The aim of this study was to explore the link between motivation and attentional processes in regards to selection and information processes during visual-search task. When the visual search is goal driven (i.e., with an instruction) visual search behavior is changed (selection and information processes). During visual search, the individual need to be committed in order to reach the assigned goal by using a strategic behavior. This commitment could be defined as motivation as described in the Goal Setting theory (Locke & Latham, 1990, 2002; Latham & Locke, 2007). A visual search task was designed in which participants had to find a specific word, denominated by its super-ordinated category, among distractors. A specific instruction (speed, accuracy or do your best) was added in order to specify the goal of the search. The aims of this work were to (1) reveal the effect of the goal setting on search behavior, (2) study the relationship between the goal setting and the characteristic of the task and (3) observe the effect of semantic context on goal setting. The three experiments allow us to observe a relationship between motivation and attention on visual search behavior. This research concludes on the possibilities to lead more experiments on ecological environment like websites or video games.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:40:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernanda Orsati.pdf: 1711676 bytes, checksum: 67a1af29a9c15a0b260226b0599ab6af (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-09 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / Autism is part of a spectrum of the Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD). It is characterized by deficits in social interaction, communication and behavior. The diagnosis is based on clinical assessment and behavior observation. New methods have been developed and studied for more precise diagnosis. Among these methods are PET scan, histological, neuropsychological and eye movements markers. Combining some of these methods, such as the neuropsychological assessment of executive functions and eye movement, correlations can establish with neurobiological bases and this way contribute to more precise interventions. The objective is to assess executive functions and correlate them to eye movements abnormalities in PDD participants. METHOD: 10 PDD children and adolescents, mean age 11,9 (SD=3,22)matched with 10 children and adolescents with typical development. The WISC III was used to assess intelligence, Trail Making, Rey Complex Figure and Hanoi Tower were used to assesse the executive functions. The eye movements parameters were assessed with Predictive Saccade Task (SP), Anti-Saccade (AS), Pursuit Eye Movement, and Face Tracking. RESULTS: Significant differences were found between General IQ, Executive IQ, part B of Trail Making Test, memory drawing after 3 and 30 minutes in the Complex Figure Test and the Hanoi Tower. Differences between groups were found in the eye tracking tasks: accuracy and latency in the SP Task; errors followed by correct saccades in the AS Task; numbers of pursuit eye movements and number of fixations on the eye region in faces with eye present or absent in the Face Tracking Task. Significant correlations were also found between measures of IQ, executive functions and eye tracking. DISCUSSION and CONCLUSIONS: A profile of neuropsychological deficits correlated to eye tracking patterns has been found. This profile is characterized by: difficulties on voluntary attention regulation, response inhibition, planning, response initiation and cognitive flexibility; and preserved viso-construction ability. The executive function impairments reflect on the social behavior regulation. The description of the executive profile can contribute to more efficient interventions. / O autismo está inserido dentro dos Transtornos Invasivos do Desenvolvimento (TID) sendo caracterizado por uma tríade de comprometimentos que atinge a interação social, comunicação e comportamento. Atualmente o diagnóstico é realizado por observação e relatos comportamentais sem que haja um marcador biológico único para caracterizá-lo. Novas possibilidades de determinar esse marcador preciso vêm sendo amplamente discutidas na literatura tais como: achados de ressonância magnética funcional, histológicos, neuropsicológicos e de movimento ocular. Desta maneira, a avaliação de funções executivas e de anormalidades do movimento ocular são meios de investigação das bases de funcionamento neubiológico e contribuem para maior precisão no desenvolvimento de intervenções nesse distúrbio. O presente trabalho objetiva avaliar as Habilidades Executivas e correlacioná-las ao movimento ocular em crianças e adolescentes com TID. MÉTODO: Foram avaliadas 10 crianças e jovens com TID, com idade média de 11,9 (DP=3,22), pareados por idade e sexo com 10 crianças e jovens com desenvolvimento típico. Avaliou-se a inteligência através do WISC III; as Habilidades Executivas através do Trail Making, Figura Complexa de Rey e Torre de Hanói. As habilidades de rastreamento ocular foram avaliadas através das Tarefas de Sacada Preditiva (SP), Anti-Sacada (AS), Acompanhamento e Rastreamento de Faces. RESULTADOS: Observa-se diferenças significativas de desempenho entre grupos no QI Geral, QI de Execução, no Trail Making parte B, na reprodução de Memória com 3 e 30 minutos da Figura Complexa de Rey e na execução da Torre de Hanói. Observam-se diferenças também nas provas de rastreamento ocular: nos acertos, erros e latência para a Tarefa SP; nos erros seguidos de acerto para a Tarefa AS; no número de sacadas intermediárias para a Tarefa de Acompanhamento e no número de fixações na região dos olhos entre faces com Olhos Presentes e Ocultados no Rastreamento de Faces. Foram também encontradas correlações significativas entre índices de QI, resultados de FE e medidas de movimentos oculares. DISCUSSÃO e CONCLUSÕES: Encontrou-se um perfil de alterações neuropsicológicas nos indivíduos pesquisados que se correlaciona aos padrões de movimento ocular. Esse padrão comum é delineado por uma falta de regulação da atenção voluntária, dificuldade em inibir um comportamento e direcioná-lo ao objetivo proposto na tarefa, alteração no planejamento de ação, dificuldade para iniciação de resposta, dificuldade na flexibilidade cognitiva; e habilidade de visuo-construção preservada. As alterações em habilidades executivas refletem nas relações sociais do indivíduo com o meio e com outras pessoas. A determinação desse perfil de dificuldades pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de intervenções mais eficazes para essa população.

This study is about how a person who is used to play games experiences playing a game with their eyes as input. The participants played a 3D game where the player had to collect coins by moving a ball over them. The participants first tried the game with keyboard as input and then right after only interacting by gazing via screen. The achieved score was recorded both for input from keyboard and input from eye. After the game session the participants were asked to answer two questionnaires that contained questions about their background and questions referring to the game they just played. The experiment was performed in a lab with a TobiiT60 eye tracker. All participants got lower score when they used eye tracking as input but most of the participants found it to be more fun. We reached the conclusion that, with the game used in our experiment, the participants felt that gaining a high score was not the most important. Instead they ranked having fun as a more important factor. Our experiment has shown that using an eye tracker can make a casual game more fun.

When searching for better and more practical interfaces between users and their computers, additional or alternative modes of communication between the two parties would be of great use. This thesis handles the possibilities of using eye and head movements as well as voice input as these alternative modes of communication. One part of this project is devoted to find possible interaction techniques when navigating in a computer interface with movements of the eye or the head. The result of this part is four different controls of an interface, adapted to suit this kind of navigation, combined together in a demo application. Another part of the project is devoted to the development of an application, with voice control as primary input method. The application developed is a simplified version of the application ActiViewer., developed by AerotechTelub Information&Media AB.

As the use of mobile devices is increasing and the use of laptops and computers is decreasing it is becoming more important to design for better web usability across platforms. The established design principles for web design provide guidelines when designing and testing web usability. The principles, however, are not commonly used to evaluate and test the usability of mobile websites. This study seeks to examine how the usability of mobile and desktop websites is affected based on the adaption of established web design principles. The study is built upon an analytical framework where common keywords have been selected from a selection of established web design principles. This study takes on a qualitative approach with experimental features, using a heuristic evaluation, a usability study and an eye-tracking experiment. The study indicates that there is a connection between low adaption of certain keywords of web design principles and the usability of mobile and desktop websites, contributing to a deeper understanding of how adaption of design principles affect web usability across platforms. / Användningen av mobila enheter har på senare tid ökat och användningen av bärbara datorer och stationära datorer har minskat. Det blir därför allt viktigare att designa mer användarvänliga hemsidor på olika plattformar. Etablerade design principer för webbdesign anger riktlinjer för design och test av webbanvändbarhet. Design principer används inte i en större utsträckning för att utvärdera användbarheten på mobila hemsidor, därför syftar denna studie till att undersöka hur användbarheten för mobilhemsidor påverkas utifrån att tillämpningen av design principer för webbdesign. Studien bygger på ett analytiskt ramverk där nyckelord har valts ut från ett antal etablerade webbdesign principer. Studien har ett kvalitativt tillvägagångssätt, med experimentella inslag. Studien har genomförts genom heuristik utvärdering, användbarhets studier och eye-tracking experiment. Studien indikerar att det finns en koppling mellan lägre nivåer av tillämpning av webbdesign principer och användbarheten på mobil- och datorsanpassade hemsidor. Denna studie bidrar till en djupare förståelse om hur anpassningen av design principer och dess påverkan av användbarheten på hemsidor över olika plattformar.