Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Michigan, 1959. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 469-476).

Thesis (B.S.)--University of Wisconsin -- La Crosse, 2009. / Also available online. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 26-27).

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka de amerikanska kommunisternas samtida diskussion kring och kritik av Roosevelts National Industrial Recovery Act , samt att analysera deras interna dragkamp om hur denna skulle tolkas och förstås i relation till fascism. Detta genomförs genom att studera kommunistiska tidningar från stalinister och trotskister. Tidigare forskning om ämnet har negligerat kommunisternas syn på lagen, alternativt avfärdat den som simpel dogma. Denna studie visar tvärtemot att både NIRA och fascism var föremål för en omfattande maktkamp mellan de kommunistiska lägren, och att kommunisternas förståelser och tolkningar byggde på komplexa teorier och utförliga analyser som anknöt till många olika koncept som bl.a. krig, terror, juridik, rättigheter, statens makt och begränsningar, symboler, statsvetenskaplig teori, och ideologier. Därmed kan studien också bidra till att problematisera och nyansera den rådande bilden av the New Deal, som i såväl forskning som populär mening har förståtts och förstås och används fortfarande som ett enhetligt, socialistiskt och progressivt fenomen.

A significant bird hazard to aircraft occurs at times at Port Hardy Airport through the presence of numbers of northern bald eagles in the vicinity of the airport and its approaches. This study investigated bald eagle abundance, distribution, movement patterns, productivity and feeding habits within the airport vicinity and satellite region. Findings were analyzed in the light of comparable ecological information available on the species. The study extended from October 1972 to October 1974. The resident summer and winter population within the airport vicinity approximated 3 eagles. Numbers increased gradually from late August until early November (when salmon were spawning in the Keogh River) and when 11 eagles were continuously present. The maximum number of eagles at any one time was 35. Even a relatively small spawning run of salmon was adequate to attract the eagles and the very large runs did not attract eagles in the same ratio. Eagle numbers decreased from early November until the herring spawning season in March and April when at least 5 eagles were continuously present. The potential hazard to aircraft, expressed as the maximum number of eagle sightings and the number of eagles observed per hour, was greatest during the fall salmon spawning season and the spring herring spawning season for each of the 5 observation areas within the airport vicinity. The population within the study area (200-250 resident eagles) was sufficiently large to dismiss a killing program, even if this was socially acceptable. Mean nesting density in the study area was at least .1 active nest/lineal km of coastline with .2 active nest/lineal km of coastline in the airport vicinity. Fifty seven per cent of the nests failed but those that produced young averaged 1.4 young/nest. Five active nests were within the area of airport activity and they did not differ in success rate or fledged young per successful nest from nests more remote. Statistical analysis of distribution data within the airport vicinity revealed that eagle use was significantly greater in the Keogh River mouth region and significantly lower in the inland region than in the remaining observation areas. The aggregation area along the KeoghiiRiver in the southeast flight path for runway 1028 presented the greatest hazard to aircraft. Direct eagle flights across the flight path occurred at frequent intervals in September and October and were often at the same elevation as approaching or departing jet aircraft. Since it is not likely that the behaviour of the eagles can be changed, ways of altering the flight paths of the aircraft were considered so as to lessen the frequency of interaction. This can be done by extension of runway 102 8 (by about 610m) to allow approaching or departing Boeing 737 jets to pass over, instead of through, the hazardous zone above the Keogh River. / Science, Faculty of / Zoology, Department of / Unknown

Includes bibliographical references / Many large, sparsely distributed raptors are threatened by a host of anthropogenic factors, while a minority may actually benefit from some aspects of development and environmental change. Clarity on the size and trajectory of such populations is essential for effective conservation management, but can be difficult to achieve. One solution is to use multivariate habitat association models to derive critical estimates of distribution and abundance. The South African population of Martial Eagle Polemaetus bellicosus is currently estimated at < 800 adult birds , with the bulk of the known population believed to be residing in the larger protected areas. However, Martial Eagles also build nests on pylons that support high voltage transmission lines running through the largely treeless, semiarid landscapes of the Karoo. The main aim of this study was to develop a better understanding of the environmental factors that influence Martial Eagle territory densities and locations along South African transmission lines, and thereby estimate the size of this population and its relative importance to the national conservation status of this globally threatened species. I used habitat association models to d escribe Martial Eagle territory density in relation to eight environmental covariates. Models were first fitted to eagle territory data for the central Karoo regions, collected and pooled over the period 2002 - 2006, and then applied to predict the number of pairs present on each of three adjacent sections of unsurveyed line (northern, southern and eastern lines) . Once these model predictions were verified by a series of aerial and ground surveys, I fitted the models to all the known Martial Eagle territory records for the transmission network and extrapolated from these back to the rest of the network using the fitted relationships. Ultimately, the models predicted 52 additional Martial Eagle territories on the remaining transmission network with a confidence interval ranging from 38 to 67 (based on models that explained up to 39 % of the total variance in terms of only two explanatory terms – rainfall and the proportion of cultivated land). I then examined the role of territoriality and social structure in the eagle population in determining the location and dispersion of pylon nests. To do this I used the location of active nests from the original central Karoo data and a similar number of randomly selected points. I then asked whether I could predict the nest locations from each of the eight environmental covariates and distance to its nearest conspecific active nest or its nearest nest of any other large eagle species. Using a logistic generalised linear model with regression splines for distance to nearest other nest, I found that Martial Eagles strongly avoid proximity to conspecific nests (mean distance to conspecific nest = 28.2 km, range 2.5 - 167.1 km, n = 306). This result shows that minimum spacing should be considered in predicting the distribution of eagles on unsurveyed transmission lines. Lastly, I further investigated the geographical extent of pylon nesting in South African Martial Eagles, with particular focus on variation in the frequency of this behaviour in relation to biome - scale variation in the availability of trees as natural nest sites. To do this, I related Martial Eagle reporting rates generated by citizen - science bird atlas data to the density of transmission lines and biome types across South Africa. While these analyses yielded some suggestive results, such as significant positive and negative relationships between reporting rates and line density in the Desert (P = 0.02) versus the Savanna (P < 0.001) biomes respectively, data sparseness in arid areas and a generally low detection probability limited the conclusiveness of these results. The refined habitat association models developed in this study predict that the South African transmission grid supports 130 - 159 breeding pairs of Martial Eagle. This figure has never been estimated or calculated before, and suggests that 36 % of the national breeding population could reside largely in the commercial ranchland and nest on man - made structures. This result, which is at odds with the generally held belief that the Martial Eagle is increasingly confined to large protected areas, has significant implications for the thinking around the conservation management of this globally threatened species.

My dissertation contemplates the role that New Deal era photographs played in developing a sense of place particular to New York City’s environs. I argue that photographers used the camera as a tool to cultivate the relationship between people and the urban landscape by focusing their lens on liminal and collective spaces within the metropolitan environment. My first chapter examines Helen Levitt’s survey of African-American, Latinx, and Italian children in East Harlem, sponsored by the Federal Art Project. My second chapter reviews a series produced under the same Project—Arnold Eagle and David Robbins’s study of the Jewish and Italian sections of the Lower East Side. My third chapter turns to Sid Grossman and Sol Libsohn’s chronicling of Irish and Italian second-generation immigrants in Chelsea, supported by the Photo League. In each chapter, I contend that the prominence of communal spaces within these images results in documents that can be read as an effort by photographer and subject alike to define their place within the contested sites of the urban street. Through this focus on vernacular spaces, these surveys disrupt ideals of belonging and work to document processes of place-making distinct to each occupier. Employing analytical lenses of cultural geography and phenomenology, I theorize the role of collective spaces within each series. These vernacular sites, propelled by their indistinct physical and social dimensions, hold slippery identities, shifting boundaries, and a collection of potential “owners.” Due to this ambiguity, these spaces hold an opportunity for collective emergent action. Throughout these series the photographers show neighborhood dwellers engaging collective spaces of the city to satisfy their quotidian needs. My dissertation examines how inhabitants, through acts of play, ritual, and embodied remembrance, transform these interstitial spaces into place. I consider the photographer’s role as folklorist, sociologist, and archeologist—as they survey how their subjects engage, occupy, and transform the local and ordinary spaces of their metropolitan landscape into places created and claimed by city-dwellers. In attending to the spatial dimension, I consider how photographs register and explore the lives of marginalized communities within the contested landscapes of New York City’s streets.

The diploma thesis is about designing device which monitors temperature and humidity. In the first part of thesis are explained basic terms, importance of key variables and on market offered products are described. After that the thesis describes device concept design with schematic designs. From designed schematics are described printed circuit board designs. Next part is about device commissioning and correction of errors caused by incorrect design. Last part is about program designing and device testing.

The aim of this thesis is to design and implement an industrial programmer AVR microcontrollers from Atmel. The first section provides the theoretical knowledge of the AVR microcontroller. Furthermore, comparison of methods for programming the microcontroller and the selected method is an analysis of the speed of programming. The following is the entire design of industrial programmer which is implemented in the programming environment Eagle. In the penultimate part of the proposal is designed PCB. The final section is devoted to the revival of the programmer and programming.

This thesis explores the components of the MCSs in use by two Albanian Mobile Operators AMC and Eagle. The methodology used is that of multiple case studies; the study is interpretative, analyzing qualitative data, and has an inductive approach. There are three MCS frameworks used the Object of Control (Merchant and Van der Stede 2007), Control Package (Malmi and Brown 2008) and Performance Management Systems (Otley and Ferreira 2009). The empirical findings were gathered by using semi-structured interviews. Both managerial and non-managerial staff were interviewed according to their areas of expertise in MCSs. The findings suggest that the MCSs used by the two operators are highly structured as per the three frameworks, that AMC does not use any well known model (such as BSC, Tableau de Bord, Performance Prism etc.), whereas Eagle uses a customized BSC, and that the strategies of each of the companies are translated into action through the respective MCSs.

Hydraulic fracturing is a novel technological development that has pushed the extraction of energy resources forward. As technology improves and world oil and gas markets shift, more shale formations are being uncovered, and new drilling activities are seen as economically viable. I examine the ways in which residents perceive environmental and health risks of hydraulic fracturing in the Eagle Ford Shale region of Texas, and how these perceptions differ depending on social position and where the resident is receiving their information. To understand how residents perceive the environmental and health risks associated with the Eagle Ford Shale oil and gas boom, or if these perceptions differ by social status and information sources, I conducted a qualitative analysis of key informant and focus group interview data, coding for major themes found in interview transcripts. I found that groups in lower social positions had increased concern regarding environmental and health risk perceptions than those in higher social positions. Additionally, respondents in lower social positions discussed all environmental and health risk perceptions with a relatively higher breadth and depth than those in higher social positions. Regarding information sources, those in higher social positions tend to receive more of their information on hydraulic fracturing from government officials and industry. Those in lower social positions receive more information from interpersonal networks, although they generally discussed a general lack of information concerning oil and gas development. These findings contribute to a relatively small field of growing research on resident perceptions in a hydraulic fracturing context. This research also brings attention to rural populations who are being uniquely impacted by hydraulic fracturing and provides insight into a region, the Eagle Ford Shale, where there is a need for more scholarly research.