Vaistiniai augalai šiuolaikinėje medicinoje turi labai didelę reikšmę. Šiuo metu Lietuvoje – tradicinėje ir liaudies medicinoje naudojama apie 460 augalų rūšių. Rausvažiedė ežiuolė yra vienas iš populiariausių vaistinių augalų. Iš jos pagaminti vaistai vartojami odos, onkologinių ir peršalimo ligų gydymui. Vaistinei žaliavai naudojamos įvairios rausvažiedės ežiuolės dalys: lapai, žiedai, stiebai, šaknys ir t.t. Nuimta vaistinė augalinė žaliava yra labai drėgna. Susidaro ypač palanki terpė mikroorganizmams vystytis. Todėl vaistinės augalinės žaliavos paruošimui dažniausiai naudojamas džiovinimas. Džiovinimo būdai didžia dalimi nulemia vaistinės augalinės žaliavos kokybę. Tyrimų tikslas – ištirti ir palyginti džiūvimo sąlygų įtaką rausvažiedės ežiuolės žolės ir skirtingų jos dalių drėgmės mainams su aplinka. Nustatyta, kad standžios augalo morfologinės dalys lemia stabilesnę ir poringesnę vaistinės augalinės žaliavos sampilo struktūrą, todėl džiovinant rausvažiedės ežiuolės žiedus ir ypač smulkintus stiebus bei žolę susiformuoja palankesnės džiūvimui sąlygos nei, pavyzdžiui, skintų lapų sampile. / Medicinal plants are of great importance in modern medicine. Currently, Lithuania - traditional and folk medicine used for about 460 species of plants. Echinacea purpurea is one of the most popular medicinal plants. From these plants made drugs are used to treat skin diseases, oncological diseases and cold diseases. Various parts of Echinacea purpurea an used for medicinal materials: leaves, flowers, stems, roots, etc. Been harvested herbal ingredients are very moist. There is a particularly favorable environment for the development of microorganisms. Therefore, the preparation of medicinal plant raw materials commonly used in drying. Drying methods are largely determined by the quality of raw materials. Purposes of the study - to investigate and compare the drying conditions on Echinacea purpurea herbs and different parts of moisture exchange with the environment. It was found that the rigid parts of the plant determines the morphological stability and more porous medicinal plant raw materials layer structure, therefore drying purple cone flowers, and especially the chopped stems and grass formed favorable drying conditions than cutted leaves layer.

No description available.

Echinacea purpurea belongs to adaptogenic plants containig pharmacologically active compounds. The most important parts of the plants for medical use are roots, but also aboveground parts are processed. The plants were grown in triennial precise small-parcel experiment using acetylsalicylic acid as an in vivo elicitor to increase the content of bioactive substances. The contents of cichoric acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid and caftaric acid were assayed in roots, tops and flowers. Repeated application elicitors on leaves were conducted with three different concentrations in fortnightly intervals. Ethanol extracts from the plant samples were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography. The effect of the elicitor on the content of bioactive substances was statistically significant. The optimal concentration of the elicitor considering the content of bioactive substances in roots is the middle one. The effect of elicitor is year-dependent.

The main topic of this work is food supplements, their legislation and other theory connected with them, the main focus is on plant nutraceuticals, of which are chosen food supplements marketed to support immunity system - echinacea, sea buckthorn and oyster mushroom, food supplements to support psyche - St. John's wort, ginkgo and valerian and dietary supplements to support body fitness - tribulus, garcinia and psyllium. Subsequently, the topic focuses on the marketing of nutraceuticals, its modern ways and the possibilities of increasing the students' awareness in this field through the principles of media education. In the practical part, 112 students aged 15-19 are presented with a lecture presenting the topic and inviting students to raise their interest in the subject. The feedback of the lecture is provided by a questionnaire whose questions correspond to the hypotheses set by the author. KEYWORDS nutraceuticals, media education, marketing, Echinacea, Garcinia, Pleurotus, Hippophae, Gingko, Plantago, Hypericum, Valeriana, Tribulus

Orientador: Magali Monteiro da Silva / Banca: Flávia Queiroga Aranha de Almeida / Banca: Anderson Marliére Navarro / Banca: Renata Maria Galvão de Campos Cintra / Banca: Cléria Maria Lobo Bittar / Resumo: A população de idosos vem aumentando no Brasil e no mundo, indicando a necessidade de rever os cuidados com a saúde em busca de melhor qualidade de vida. Alterações da imunidade relacionadas à idade podem ser particularmente prevenidas ou retardadas por intervenção dietética. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o estilo de vida, os hábitos alimentares, o estado nutricional e de saúde, e o efeito do consumo de bebida de frutas contendo Echinacea na saúde de idosos. 60 idosos participantes da Universidade Aberta da Terceira Idade (UNATI) de Franca, SP, responderam questionários sobre características sócio-econômicas, cuidados de saúde, hábitos alimentares e estilo de vida, e passaram por avaliação antropométrica e exames laboratoriais. O grupo avaliado apresentou maioria de mulheres (85%), indivíduos com idade entre 60-69 anos (60%), com estudo até ensino médio (60%), aposentados (65%), com renda de até 5 salários mínimos (73,4%). A maioria dos idosos fazia acompanhamento médico (65%) e uso contínuo de medicamento (78,3%), tendo relatado estar com a pressão arterial controlada (80%) e não fumar (100%). 71,7% acreditavam que sua alimentação era saudável, 97% faziam as refeições em casa, 85% escolhiam e preparavam seus alimentos, 65% faziam 5-6 refeições por dia, 63% bebiam menos de 1L água/dia. 90% relataram ter bom funcionamento do intestino e 43,3% realizavam atividade física regularmente. Apenas 13,3% faziam reposição hormonal, 18,3% consumiam suplemento alimentar e 21,7% ingeriam bebida alcoólica. Os participantes apresentaram índice de massa corpórea (IMC) 27,5±4,5Kg/m², com prevalência em excesso de peso e eutróficos, cujos valores reduziram com a idade. Os valores de circunferência da panturrilha (CP) (36,3±3,8cm), circunferência do braço (CB) (31,4±4,1cm) e dobra cutêna triciptal (DCT) (20,6±7,5mm)... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The elderly population is increasing in Brazil and all over the world, highlighting the need to review health care practices in order to achieve a better quality of life. Immunity alterations that are age-related may be particularly prevented or delayed through dietary intervention. This study aimed at evaluating the lifestyle, eating habits, nutritional status and health and the effect of consumption of fruit drink containing Echinacea on elderly health. Sixty elderly, participants of the group of the Open University for Senior Citizens (UNATI), from UNESP at Franca, São Paulo, answered questions about socio-economic issues, health care, food consumption habits and lifestyle, and after, they were submitted to anthropometric and laboratory tests. Within the group that was evaluated had most women (85%), aged between 60-69 years old (60%), up to high school (60%), retired (65%), income up to 5 minimum wages (73.4%). Most seniors were under medical care (65%) and on medication (78.3%). The majority also reported having blood pressure under control (80%) and being non smokers (100%). About 71.7% of the participants believed their diet to be healthy, 97% had their meals at home, 85% chose and prepared their own food, 65% had 5-6 meals/day, 63% drank 1L of water/day. 90% reported having normal bowel function and 43.3% practice regular physical activity. Only 13.3% were doing hormone replacement therapy, 18.3% took dietary supplements and 21.7% drank alcoholic drinks. The participants presented BMI of 27.49±4.5kg/m², with prevalence of overweight and eutrophy, and these values decreased with age. Calf circumference (CC) (36.27±3.84cm), arm circumference (AC) (31.39±4.08cm) and triceps skinfolds (TS) (20.58±7.54mm) values were adequate in most cases... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

In recent years, the use of natural medicinal properties of plants has again come to the forefront of interest of the public. Because of their therapeutic properties, these plants are commonly used in alternative treatments for minor ailments. This thesis deals with the determination of polyphenolic acids in extracts from aronia, echinacea, tetradenia and centella. One of the aims of the thesis was to compare the amount of polyphenolic acids in individual plants with their antioxidant properties. The theoretical part includes a general introduction to flavonoids, introduction to polyphenolic acids, introduction to the principles of capillary zone electrophoresis and a summary of selected foreign studies for the determination of flavonoids. An important chapter of the theoretical part is a description of individual plants with an explanation of their possible therapeutic use. The experimental part is devoted to the process of optimization of electrophoretic determination of selected polyphenolic acids and evaluation of their content. It was found that in the extracts six representatives of polyphenolic acids occur in minimal amounts, often below the limit of quantification or detection of the method.

No description available.

<p>Kombuha je tradicionalni napitak koji se dobija fermentacijom zaslađenog crnog<br />ili zelenog čaja, fiziolo&scaron;kom aktivno&scaron;ću čajne gljive, koja predstavlja simbiozu<br />autohthonih vrsta kvasaca i bakterija sirćetnog vrenja. Cilj rada je bio da se ispita<br />biolo&scaron;ka aktivnost konzumnih kombuha napitaka (titrabilne kiselosti 3,5-4 g/L) od<br />crnog čaja (<em>Camellia sinensis</em> L), čaja ehinacee (<em>Echinacea purpurea</em> L.) i<br />rtanjskog čaja (<em>Satureja montana</em> L.). Za ispitivanje antimikrobne aktivnosti<br />kombuha napitaka upotrebljeni su sledeći sojevi bakterija, kvasaca i plesni:<br /><em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, <em>Bacillus sp.</em>, <em>Salmonella<br />enteritidis, Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Sarcina lutea, Saccharomyces<br />cerevisiae, Candida pseudotropicalis, Rhodotorula sp., Penicillium<br />aurantiogriseum, Aspergillus niger i Aspergillus flavus</em>. Antioksidativna aktivnost<br />kombuha napitaka ispitana je na DPPH i OH radikale ESR spektralnom metodom.<br />Antiproliferativna aktivnost čajeva i kombuha napitaka od crnog i rtanjskog čaja<br />ispitana na tri ćelijske linije humanih karcinoma: HeLa (epitelni karcinom<br />cerviksa), MCF-7 (adenokarcinom dojke) i HT-29 (adenokarcinom debelog<br />creva). Pored istraživanja biolo&scaron;ke aktivnosti kombuha napitaka, cilj rada je bio da<br />se ispitaju i neki od osnovnih parametara kombuha fermentacije &ndash; optimalna<br />količina izvora ugljenika i azota u medijumu za kultivaciju, geometrijske<br />karakteristike fermentora, inokulacija starter kulturama. Definisanje kritičnih<br />parametara kombuha fermentacije je bio osnov za izvođenje matematičkog<br />modela za scale-up fermentativnog procesa.</p> / <p>Kombucha is a traditional beverage obtained by fermenting sweetned black or<br />green tea with tea fungus, which represents a symbiotic combination of acetic acid<br />bacteria and autochthonous yeast species. In this study, the antimicrobial,<br />antioxidative and antiproliferative activity of kombucha beverages (titratable<br />acidity 3,5-4 g/L) obtain from black tea (<em>Camellia sinensis</em> L), echinacea tea<br />(<em>Echinacea purpurea</em> L.) and rtanj tea (<em>Satureja montana</em> L.) were tested.<br /><em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus sp., Salmonella<br />enteritidis, Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Sarcina lutea, Saccharomyces<br />cerevisiae, Candida pseudotropicalis, Rhodotorula sp., Penicillium<br />aurantiogriseum, Aspergillus niger i Aspergillus flavus</em> were used as test<br />microorganisms for examination of antimicrobial activity. The antioxidant activity<br />of differently prepared kombucha beverages was examined agains DPPH and OH<br />radicals by ESR-spectrometry. Antiproliferative activity of black tea kombucha<br />and Satureja montana kokmbucka was measured by sulforhodamine B<br />colorimetric assay on HeLa (cervix epitheloid carcinoma), HT-29 (colon<br />adenocarcinoma), and MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma) cells line. Also, same<br />parametars of kombucha fermentation &ndash; optimal quantity of source of carbon and<br />nitrogen in cultivation medium, geometric characteristics of reactors and<br />inoculation by starter culture &ndash; were tested. Definition of critical parameters of<br />kombucha fermentation is important for derivation of mathematical model for<br />scaling-up fermentation process.</p>

This diploma thesis deals with the production of herbal drops from Echinacea and the determination of the content of selected active substances. In the theoretical part, the taxonomic classification of echinacea, its botanical characteristics and growing conditions are mentioned. The history of cultivation and uses of this plant are also mentioned. An important chapter of the theoretical part is the chemical composition of the plant and differences in composition between individual cultivars of Echinacea. Methods for obtaining active substances and their determination are also mentioned. The last chapter is devoted to the technology of production of echinacea drops. In the experimental part, the extraction was optimized for dried flowers and roots of E. purpurea. The following extraction system was determined for the flowers: 40% ethanol, time 6 hours, weight to solvent ratio 1:10 and room temperature. For the roots, 20% ethanol and a time of 24 hours, a ratio of 1:10 and room temperature were evaluated as the best conditions. Furthermore, the best extracts were prepared, in which the content of total phenolic substances was set at 0.799-0.839 mg/ml, then the antioxidant activity was determined in the range from 116 to 242 µg T/ml, and finally the analysis of aromatic substances was performed by HS-SPME-GC-MS. Two commercial samples were also tested to compare the prepared extracts.

THE ASSESSMENT OF INFLUENCE OF ZINC IONS AND ECHINACEA PURPUREA (L.) MOENCH FOR MICE INTOXICATED BY CADMIUM IONS Abstract Background. Cadmium (Cd), a well-known environmental hazard, exerts a number of toxic effects in organism. It disturbs the activity of biochemical systems of cells. Accumulation of cadmium depends on the amount of essential trace elements, including zinc. Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench (EP) can modify its influence. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of ions of cadmium, zinc, and EP on organism in experimental model of mice. The objectives of the scientific work were as follows: 1. To evaluate the accumulation of cadmium in the internal organs of experimental mice after acute and chronic intraperitoneal and per oral intoxication. 2. To assess morphological changes in liver tissue, mitotic and apoptotic activity of liver cells after the intoxication by cadmium ions of different duration and dose. 3. To assess the effect of zinc ions to the accumulation of cadmium in the internal organs and to the mitotic and apoptotic activity of liver cells in the organism of mice intoxicated by cadmium. 4. To evaluate the effect of EP to accumulation of cadmium in internal organs, mitotic and apoptotic activity of liver cells after the chronic intraperitoneal and per oral intoxication by cadmium ions. The scientific novelty of the study. This work makes our knowledge about mechanisms and outcomes of acute and chronic exposure to cadmium deeper. The... [to full text]