Esta tese visa a construção de uma biografia histórica do engenheiro agrônomo e ambientalista José Lutzenberger (1926-2002). O objetivo é compreender de que maneira a trajetória de Lutzenberger se articula com a construção de uma ética ecológica, em meio às lutas que ele protagonizou ao longo de trinta e um anos de militância ambiental. O fio condutor da narrativa é a ética ecológica, pois foi o elemento central em seu trabalho, que orientava sua própria visão de como o mundo deveria ser se a humanidade adotasse uma postura que priorizasse a ecologia. Utilizou-se, entre outros acervos, principalmente documentação do Arquivo Privado de José Lutzenberger (APJL): correspondência, recortes de jornais e revistas, iconografia, obras de Lutzenberger e de terceiros, documentos pessoais e oficiais, textos de depoimentos, conferências e de entrevistas, charges, textos técnicos. Também fizemos uso de fontes orais. A tese está estruturada em oito capítulos, de acordo com as lutas e posições ocupadas por Lutzenberger, ao longo de sua trajetória, enfocando as principais campanhas ambientalistas em que se envolveu, o cargo de Secretário de Meio Ambiente no governo Collor, sua atuação como empresário de “tecnologias suaves”, seu trabalho com educação ambiental e agricultura ecológica. O trabalho também analisa as redes de relações tecidas pelo personagem e a abordagem teórica em que se embasou para criar sua ética ecológica, de caráter ecocêntrico. Foi possível avançar no entendimento do arcabouço intelectual de Lutzenberger, bem como na dinâmica de sua militância, oferecendo uma sistematização dos princípios do que chamamos a Ética Lutzenbergeriana, ou Ética do convívio ecossustentável. / This dissertation aims at constructing a historical biography of José Lutzenberger, agronomist and environmental engineer (1926-2002). This biography aids in observing how his trajectory is articulated with the construction of an ecological ethics amidst his protagonism in 31 years of environmental militancy. Ecological ethics conduces this narrative as this was the central element in his work, guiding his own view of how the world should be if Humanity adopted a posture that prioritized Ecology. The main documental source was his private archive (Arquivo Privado de José Lutzenberger - APJL). Other sources used were correspondence, news clippings, iconography, works by Lutzenberger and others, personal and official documents, textual testimonials, conferences and interviews, editorial cartoons, and technical texts. Oral sources have also been used. The 8-chapter structure of this dissertation delineates the positions occupied by Lutzenberger and his trajectory of fight, with focus on the main environmentalist campaigns with which he was involved, as well as his position as Secretary of the Environment during the Collor administration, his business in "soft technology", his work with ecological agriculture and environmental education. This study also presents analysis of the networks created around him, as well as the theoretical bases he used to create the ecological ethics with its eco-centric character. Advances in the understanding of Lutzenberger's intellectual outlines and of the dynamics of his militancy in this work offer a systematization of principles named the Lutzenbergerian Ethics, or the Ethics of Eco-sustainable Life.

This thesis deals with research in the use possibilities of organic food in kindergartens in the town of České Budějovice on two levels (management and parents).It was found out that some of the kindergartens are using organic food. The biggest barrier to the using of organic food in kindergartens is their price. Most parents are satisfied with the quality of food in their kindergartens. Furthermore it could be said, that the parents know organic food but it can?t be confirmed the hypothesis that says parents would welcome the use of organic food in kindergarten?s canteens. The results indicate that not all the parents are able to accept the minimum of price increase in meal at the kindergartens. In the end there are recommended some local organic food which could be appropriate for using in the kindergartens in the town of České Budějovice.

This diploma thesis is focused on utilisation of organic foods analysis in eating facilities in the region of statutory city České Budějovice. The surveys in eating facilities are replenished by consumers´ survey which considers customers´ opinions about organic foods utilisation in gastronomy. The partial aim of this thesis is to compare the situation in the Czech Republic with chosen countries in European Union. In the introductory part, there are described basic terms with the help of primary literature which are related to ecological production and eating facilities. The practical chapter is consisted of introduction of concrete eating facilities with organic foods offer and the results of survey between eating facilities with and without organic foods offer and the outcomes from consumers´ survey. In the conclusion, there is appraised the present state and probable future development of organic foods utilisation in gastronomy in the region of city České Budějovice.

Esta tese visa a construção de uma biografia histórica do engenheiro agrônomo e ambientalista José Lutzenberger (1926-2002). O objetivo é compreender de que maneira a trajetória de Lutzenberger se articula com a construção de uma ética ecológica, em meio às lutas que ele protagonizou ao longo de trinta e um anos de militância ambiental. O fio condutor da narrativa é a ética ecológica, pois foi o elemento central em seu trabalho, que orientava sua própria visão de como o mundo deveria ser se a humanidade adotasse uma postura que priorizasse a ecologia. Utilizou-se, entre outros acervos, principalmente documentação do Arquivo Privado de José Lutzenberger (APJL): correspondência, recortes de jornais e revistas, iconografia, obras de Lutzenberger e de terceiros, documentos pessoais e oficiais, textos de depoimentos, conferências e de entrevistas, charges, textos técnicos. Também fizemos uso de fontes orais. A tese está estruturada em oito capítulos, de acordo com as lutas e posições ocupadas por Lutzenberger, ao longo de sua trajetória, enfocando as principais campanhas ambientalistas em que se envolveu, o cargo de Secretário de Meio Ambiente no governo Collor, sua atuação como empresário de “tecnologias suaves”, seu trabalho com educação ambiental e agricultura ecológica. O trabalho também analisa as redes de relações tecidas pelo personagem e a abordagem teórica em que se embasou para criar sua ética ecológica, de caráter ecocêntrico. Foi possível avançar no entendimento do arcabouço intelectual de Lutzenberger, bem como na dinâmica de sua militância, oferecendo uma sistematização dos princípios do que chamamos a Ética Lutzenbergeriana, ou Ética do convívio ecossustentável. / This dissertation aims at constructing a historical biography of José Lutzenberger, agronomist and environmental engineer (1926-2002). This biography aids in observing how his trajectory is articulated with the construction of an ecological ethics amidst his protagonism in 31 years of environmental militancy. Ecological ethics conduces this narrative as this was the central element in his work, guiding his own view of how the world should be if Humanity adopted a posture that prioritized Ecology. The main documental source was his private archive (Arquivo Privado de José Lutzenberger - APJL). Other sources used were correspondence, news clippings, iconography, works by Lutzenberger and others, personal and official documents, textual testimonials, conferences and interviews, editorial cartoons, and technical texts. Oral sources have also been used. The 8-chapter structure of this dissertation delineates the positions occupied by Lutzenberger and his trajectory of fight, with focus on the main environmentalist campaigns with which he was involved, as well as his position as Secretary of the Environment during the Collor administration, his business in "soft technology", his work with ecological agriculture and environmental education. This study also presents analysis of the networks created around him, as well as the theoretical bases he used to create the ecological ethics with its eco-centric character. Advances in the understanding of Lutzenberger's intellectual outlines and of the dynamics of his militancy in this work offer a systematization of principles named the Lutzenbergerian Ethics, or the Ethics of Eco-sustainable Life.

The purpose of my graduation theses on the theme ? sheep breending at the ecological farm? was toanalyze the level of uses properities sheep and economic indicators at the ecological farm Račín situated in mountain part of Šumava. The detail information from studies of the technical literature specialized on ecological agriculture were brought out to analyze the whole questions of sheep breending at the ecological farm Račín. Meat yield was evaluated . The evaluation of reproduction was based on four basic reproductive indexes. The weight of 100 days old sheep and the production of wool were detected by scaling. Detected values were lower in most of indexes than published indexes. This fact is connected with detected inadequacies of lairage, nutrition and breending organization. Steps were suggested to eliminate these inaquacies and to innovate the level of breending in conclusion.

The thesis focuses on partial assessment of the life cycle of the strawberry plant (Fragaria), the breeding of which has a long tradition in the Czech Republic. The breeding technologies in conventional and ecological farming systems are compared, in relation to the greenhouse gases emission. The data from agriculture and transportation were accumulated by way of questionnaire survey and expert literature.The objective of this thesis was to assess the impact of individual agrotechnical factors on the pollution of the environment with greenhouse gases emissions in conventional and ecological farming systems, and also to test the hypothesis on whether it is better, from the environmental point of view, to consume locally produced or imported strawberries.The environmental impact was calculated with the SIMAPro software. This tool uses the Ecoinvent databases and enables to create a model of life cycle of the product in question according to the ČSN EN ISO 14040 and ČSN EN ISO 14044 standards. Theinputs and outputs were related to the unit of one hectare and the resulting value was converted as per 1 kg of strawberries. The input included technological operations, amount of fertilisers, and plant protection products; the output of the analysis was the emission load per1 kg of strawberries expressed in the CO2 equivalent.

The diploma thesis is divided into three parts: cattle herd management, ethology and economic evaluation. The observation was carried out on the farm which is situated in the mountain region of Šumava mountain with decreasing agricultural production. The main production is cattle breeding without market milk production. These meat breeds (Hereford, Aberdeen angus, Charolais) are bred there.

The purpose of my graduation theses on the theme {\clqq} sheep breending at the ecological farm`` was to analyze the level of uses properities sheep at the ecological farm Slunečná situated in mountain part of Šumava. The detail information from studies of the technical literature specialized on ecological agriculture were brought out to analyze the whole questions of sheep breending at the ecological farm Slunečná. Lacteous utility was judged in term of amount of drawen milk, process of lactational curve was judged in the following way. The evaluation of reproduction was based on four basic reproductive indexes. The weight of 100 days old sheep and the production of wool were detected by scaling. Detected values were lower in most of indexes than published indexes. This fact is connected with detected inadequacies of lairage, nutrition and breending organization. Steps were suggested to eliminate these inaquacies and to innovate the level of breending in conclusion.

Esta tese visa a construção de uma biografia histórica do engenheiro agrônomo e ambientalista José Lutzenberger (1926-2002). O objetivo é compreender de que maneira a trajetória de Lutzenberger se articula com a construção de uma ética ecológica, em meio às lutas que ele protagonizou ao longo de trinta e um anos de militância ambiental. O fio condutor da narrativa é a ética ecológica, pois foi o elemento central em seu trabalho, que orientava sua própria visão de como o mundo deveria ser se a humanidade adotasse uma postura que priorizasse a ecologia. Utilizou-se, entre outros acervos, principalmente documentação do Arquivo Privado de José Lutzenberger (APJL): correspondência, recortes de jornais e revistas, iconografia, obras de Lutzenberger e de terceiros, documentos pessoais e oficiais, textos de depoimentos, conferências e de entrevistas, charges, textos técnicos. Também fizemos uso de fontes orais. A tese está estruturada em oito capítulos, de acordo com as lutas e posições ocupadas por Lutzenberger, ao longo de sua trajetória, enfocando as principais campanhas ambientalistas em que se envolveu, o cargo de Secretário de Meio Ambiente no governo Collor, sua atuação como empresário de “tecnologias suaves”, seu trabalho com educação ambiental e agricultura ecológica. O trabalho também analisa as redes de relações tecidas pelo personagem e a abordagem teórica em que se embasou para criar sua ética ecológica, de caráter ecocêntrico. Foi possível avançar no entendimento do arcabouço intelectual de Lutzenberger, bem como na dinâmica de sua militância, oferecendo uma sistematização dos princípios do que chamamos a Ética Lutzenbergeriana, ou Ética do convívio ecossustentável. / This dissertation aims at constructing a historical biography of José Lutzenberger, agronomist and environmental engineer (1926-2002). This biography aids in observing how his trajectory is articulated with the construction of an ecological ethics amidst his protagonism in 31 years of environmental militancy. Ecological ethics conduces this narrative as this was the central element in his work, guiding his own view of how the world should be if Humanity adopted a posture that prioritized Ecology. The main documental source was his private archive (Arquivo Privado de José Lutzenberger - APJL). Other sources used were correspondence, news clippings, iconography, works by Lutzenberger and others, personal and official documents, textual testimonials, conferences and interviews, editorial cartoons, and technical texts. Oral sources have also been used. The 8-chapter structure of this dissertation delineates the positions occupied by Lutzenberger and his trajectory of fight, with focus on the main environmentalist campaigns with which he was involved, as well as his position as Secretary of the Environment during the Collor administration, his business in "soft technology", his work with ecological agriculture and environmental education. This study also presents analysis of the networks created around him, as well as the theoretical bases he used to create the ecological ethics with its eco-centric character. Advances in the understanding of Lutzenberger's intellectual outlines and of the dynamics of his militancy in this work offer a systematization of principles named the Lutzenbergerian Ethics, or the Ethics of Eco-sustainable Life.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The principal theme of this study is the family farmers experiences in the transition of conventional agriculture for ecological agriculture. This research is executes in the town of Agudo located in Rio Grande do Sul central region. Based in difference between conventional agriculture and ecological agriculture, the objective of this research is understand the farmer experiences in agro ecological transition and why they opted the agro ecological agriculture. More specifically, the research aims to meet the agro ecological strategies in family production units; characterize the experience and the production of farmers in agro ecological transition and understand how farmers are reproduced in the social sphere. In methodological terms, it is a qualitative research, which will make it will use tools such as systematic observation, semi-structured interview and field notebook. It is worth noting that the transition from conventional agriculture to organic agriculture or agro-ecological transition is an important social construction that arises from the knowledge of the limitations and risks in the current hegemonic agriculture model. This transition creates alternatives that support the agricultural transformation process with sustainable approach the agro ecological transition in Agudo town, takes place in families generally related to tobacco growing. These families have much interest in the increase of agricultural production with ecological basis. The work painfulness in tobacco cultivation brought harmful consequences for many families, as the family farm unit indebtedness and pathologies related to contact with the pesticides, which were cited by families during the field work. The families in question are taking the first step toward a transition to an eco-based model, which seeks to environmental sustainability and also the families living in rural areas. Therefore, it is necessary that these families are supported with community support and government institutions to enable them to qualify and expand its work. / O presente estudo tem como temática central as vivências dos agricultores familiares camponeses, em processo de transição da agricultura convencional para a de base ecológica, no município de Agudo, localizado na região central do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Partindo da dicotomia entre a agricultura moderna e a agricultura de base ecológica, a presente pesquisa pretende compreender como se dão as vivências dos agricultores em transição agroecológica no município de Agudo. Para sanar esta inquietação, se propõem em âmbito geral, compreender como os agricultores em questão decidiram pela agricultura ecológica. Mais especificamente, a pesquisa pretende conhecer as estratégias agroecológicas nas unidades de produção familiar em questão; caracterizar o viver e o produzir dos agricultores em transição agroecológica e compreender como os agricultores se reproduzem no âmbito social. Em termos metodológicos, trata-se de uma investigação qualitativa, na qual faz uso de ferramentas como a observação sistemática, a entrevista semiestruturada e o caderno de campo. Cabe destacar que a transição da agricultura convencional para a agricultura ecológica ou transição agroecológica é uma construção social importante, que surge da compreensão das limitações e dos riscos existentes no atual modelo agrícola hegemônico. Tal transição cria alternativas que apoiam o processo de transformação da agricultura, com enfoque sustentável. A transição agroecológica no município, ocorre entre famílias que, em geral, estiveram relacionadas ao cultivo do fumo. Sendo estas famílias, as que possuem maior interesse em ascender na busca pela produção agrícola de base ecológica. A penosidade do trabalho com o cultivo do fumo trouxe consequências danosas para muitas famílias, como o endividamento da unidade de produção agrícola familiar e patologias relacionadas ao contato com os agrotóxicos, que foram citados pelas famílias durante o trabalho de campo. As famílias em questão estão dando o primeiro passo em direção a um processo de transição para um modelo de base ecológica, que busca a sustentabilidade do meio ambiente e também das famílias que vivem no meio rural. Para tanto, é preciso que estas famílias sejam amparadas com o apoio da comunidade e de instituições governamentais para que possam a qualificar e ampliar o seu trabalho.