<p>This thesis analyses the effect of FDI induced technology transfer and spillover on economic growth in the CEE countries and the Baltic States. We develop a framework were FDI and R&D are seen as sources of technological progress (A). Transition economies, due to the need to catch up quickly with more advanced economies, rely on FDI as a major channel through which they can tap the needed technology.</p><p>Whether or not technology spills over to the entire economy depends on the ability of the countries to diffuse the advanced technology transferred by FDI. We test using panel data analysis, if FDI alone can spur growth or whether the FDI induced technology spillover effect is enhanced by the level of R&D.</p><p>Empirical evidence is found that FDI and R&D as an interaction term have helped the CEE countries and the Baltic States to accelerate growth by modernizing the economy through an upgrading process.</p>

<p> </p><h2>Abstract</h2><p>Attractiveness may be defined by a variety of factors but you should see it in the public planning as it is to have a positive population growth and economic growth, through working with communications, service, housing, to name a few. This is done primarily through direct projects both within the municipality and through various partnerships between local and regional level. The progress we have seen in recent years has gone more towards a clear shell level, particularly a regional level where these have had a much greater freedom with clear geographical boundaries in between each other. Within these regions there are also clear regional groupings that have common interests and competing between each other. In my thesis, we have been distinguished including three levels of scale levels. At the local level Osby municipality, together with the other municipalities in Skåne Nordost working Sound region and at regional level, Region Skåne after that will the national level and global level.</p><p>Osby has for several years worked with attractiveness both within its own municipality, and through collaborations with both north-east Skåne, Region Skåne and a number of other formal and informal collaborations. Efforts to increase its attractiveness has been assumed to have a stable population and a positive economic growth. This work has been made concrete by using the outline above, and that through various projects, such as this can Pågatågen and Boda like to mention. Both projects are designed to increase the attractiveness of just Osby. Through working with these projects and to always show up, so will these projects lead to Osby will have a positive population growth and economic growth.</p><p>Osby municipality has a good location for the future, especially their geographical position, especially in view of the main line gives them an edge against other municipalities located in the periphery of a strong growth region. Another reason that makes Osby has a good location that they went through a restructuring during the high economic climate and with it so has it been able to adapt its business is now located at a high national level.</p><p> </p>

自1987年7月15日台灣宣佈解除戒嚴後，開放黨禁與報禁，民主開始蓬勃發展，人民也有充分表達意見自由的機會，而2000年3月總統大選後，台灣第一次發生政黨輪替，並首次出現少數政府，自此之後，執政黨與在野黨即經常性的發生衝突情形。2001年，更是台灣史上第一次 -2.17%的經濟成長率，瑞士洛桑國際管理學院（IMD）公布2006年世界競爭力排名為第18名，較2005年退步了7個名次，其中在全球61個評比的經濟體中，「政治不穩定風險」評比為第58名，實在有檢討的空間。 本文的研究目的，在於以1990 至2005台灣的選舉結果及國內生產毛額（GDP）成長率的時間序列季資料（quarterly time-series data），搭配計量模型的估計，探討台灣政治勢力的衝突（以泛藍與泛綠得票比率差距表示）對於國家整體經濟成長有何影響？最後，藉由研究政治衝突對立之程度對總體經濟成長之影響，研究提出具體政策及建議。本文主要的研究發現，政治衝突將顯著影響台灣經濟成長。換言之，當台灣政治衝突情形越激烈（即藍綠兩陣營支持度差距越小時），經濟成長率將會越低。此外，政府支出成長、投資成長與出口成長，也是影響台灣經濟成長的主要原因。 另外本文利用2001年的時間虛擬變數，探討一般認為2001年可能因結構性變動之關係，而造成當年度經濟成長率的下降。結果顯示在本估計式中支持這樣的假說，也就是在2001年確實有其它因素導致當年度經濟成長相對低於其他各年度之情形。 / Taiwan’s democracy has developed dramatically and its people have gotten opportunities to freely express themselves since the KMT（Kuo Min Tong, the nationalist party from mainland china） government released the prohibition on the founding of political parties and the granting of newspaper licenses on July 15, 1987. Authority rests with a minority government since the DPP came into power. Conflicts between the opposition and ruling parties in Taiwan have been increasing since the Presidential election in March, 2000. For the first time Taiwan’s economy growth declined about 2.17% in 2001. In 2006, Taiwan’s economy was ranked as the 18th most competitive in the world by the International Institute for Management Development in Switzerland (IMD), degraded 7 positions in 2005. In addition, Taiwan’s political stability ranked 58th among the 61 countries in the above research study. As a result, the author is attempting to research how the political conflicts influence the economy. This research uses a model that estimates the election’s economic impact by combining Taiwanese election results with quarterly time-series ratios from Taiwan’s 1990 to 2005 GDP. The research focuses on how political conflicts impact overall economic growth in Taiwan. The survey used the difference between the ratio of votes for two political groups—the pan-blue and pan-green camps. Conclusions from the data found a low economic growth in the periods of intense political conflict. Moreover, economic growth is influenced by various factors, including overall government expenditures, investments and exports. Since the 2001 economic decline was so precipitous, this analysis adopted a time variable and used 2001’s data for comparison. Of course, various factors might have caused 2001’s low economic growth rate, but the original hypothesis was supported by the reckon estimating type.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Univ., 2003. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Bachelor's thesis. / Format: PDF. Bibl.

This paper investigates the relationship between economic growth, and remittances, financial development, and globalization after controlling for different levels of international financial distress. We study four of the major remittances recipient countries individually over the period of 1976 to 2012 using an autoregressive distributed lag method (ARDL). The results show that in Mexico, Bangladesh, and India remittances work as a stabilizing factor on their economies. Significant results of a positive long run correlation between remittances and GDP levels are also found in the results of Bangladesh and Mexico. High levels of financial distress have a negative impact on GDP in Mexico. We conclude that the level of financial integration between economies affect how financial distress in one economy spills over to another. This paper also finds that in the short run when globalization increases, uncompetitive businesses are outrivaled in Mexico and in Bangladesh, due to big neighbors like the United States or China and India. For Bangladesh, the financial development is destabilizing in the short run, and in the long run it correlates negatively with GDP. For India, this study finds that higher levels of both financial development and globalization promote long term economic growth. For China, few conclusions are drawn.

This thesis aims to emancipate female entrepreneurs from the metanarrative of economic growth which has created a false dichotomy of successful male entrepreneur versus an unsuccessful female entrepreneur. This aim is pursued through a multidisciplinary and critical inquiry that destabilises this metanarrative conceptually and empirically. A critical interrogation of economic studies reveals the embeddedness of the metanarrative in neo-classical economic growth theory. Far from being a true reflection of the entrepreneurial experience, the theory has silenced the innovator entrepreneur in economic theory and replaced him/her with an economic rational manager. Concurrently, a re-analysis of Schumpeter’s theorising suggests that his theories do not subordinate female entrepreneurs as claimed by a number of critical theorists. In contrast, his theorising is emancipatory and offers an alternative theoretical framework to the oppressive neo-classical economic growth theory. Oral history methods are used to capture the voices of female entrepreneurs which have largely been excluded from the literature. The oral history narratives challenge the oppressive homogeneity imposed by the metanarrative of economic growth and illustrate the negative influence of the theoretical foundation of neo-classical theory upon the entrepreneurial experience. The study offers theoretical, methodological and empirical contributions to female entrepreneurship studies by presenting a fresh interpretation of Schumpeter’s theorising; including the voices of the female entrepreneurs; and applying research approaches that break away from positivism which dominates entrepreneurial studies. The study has implications for policy makers and practitioners as it generates knowledge that takes account of the current social and economic changes.

The purpose of this thesis is to investigate whether an increase in the level of human capital and reduction of gender inequality in the labor market affect developing nation’s growth rate and welfare. The data used in this thesis cover 74 emerging and developing countries for the years of 2001 and 2007. Solow’s augmented growth model has been used to estimate how increased rates of females and males completing primary school effects economic growth in order to see what effect the Millennium Development Goal’s (MDG) target of universal primary education has on the economy. The rates of female and male participation rates in the labor force are also tested for to see if one can determine how reduced gender inequality affects economic growth. The main findings are that increased female and male completion rates in primary school do affect economic growth positively as expected. However, what was not expected was that an increased participation rate of female and male in the labor force affect economic growth negatively. The conclusion is that increased levels of primary education among males and females will increase economic growth. Hence the MDGs of achieving universal primary education and homogenous education between females and males in 2015 are important for economic growth and increase of welfare.

This paper examines the effect of foreign direct investments, FDI, on economic growth in developing countries. This is done by the presentation of a theoretical framework, in which technological transfer and the learning of new technologies is considered to be the engine of growth along with a critical examination of a number of empirical studies on the subject. I will later on perform a discussion of the underlying conditions for FDI to work efficiently along with the implications for Sub-Saharan Africa regarding FDI inflows. The implications are studied within a framework that considers human capital as an important channel through which the potential benefits arising from FDI may be realized.

Šiame darbe nagrinėjama kokie pagrindiniai makroekonominiai rodikliai stipriausiai įtakoja ekonomikos augimą. Ekonomikos augimas čia matuojamas bendrojo vidaus produkto augimu. Teorinėje darbo dalyje analizuojama Lietuvos ir užsienio autorių ekonomikos augimo veiksnių teoriniai ir praktiniai tyrimai. Analitinėje - tiriamojoje dalyje naudojami statistiniai - ekonometriniai (regresijos, elastingumo, koreliacijos koeficientų skaičiavimas, A. Okuno dėsnis), detalizavimo metodai, ekspertų vertinimai ir prognozės. Pasitvirtina autoriaus suformuluota fipotezė apie tai, kad A.Okuno dėsnis susiejantis nedarbo lygį su BVP praradimu Lietuvos ūkio sąlygomis 2001 – 2007 m. įgyja kitą santykį nei 1:2,5. Atliekant tyrimą naudoti statistiniai duomenys, paimti iš Lietuvos statistikos departamento, Lietuvos laisvosios rinkos instituto, komercinių bankų ūkio apžvalgų, Europos statistikos departamento, Lietuvos vyriausybės, finansų, ūkio ministerijų. / In this study is analyzed which macroeconomic indicators stronger influence economic growth. Economic growth is realized as the growth of the gross domestic product. In the first part of this study are analyzed practical and theoretical researches of the factors of economic growth of Lithuanian and foreign authors. In the analytic part of the study there is used statistical – econometrical (regression, elasticity, corral, method of Okun), methods of detail, evaluation of expert. There is confirmed the hypothesis, that the method of Okun in period of 2001 – 2007 years gets another relation than 1: 2,5. There is used statistical data which is used from Department of Lithuanian Statistics, Lithuanian Free Market Institute, commercial banks annual reports, Euro stat, Lithuanian government and ministers.