<p>Denna uppsats använder branschvis sysselsättningsförändring i Sveriges 21 län mellan åren</p><p>1995-2002 som ett mått på regional tillväxt. Alla branscher i ett län delas in enligt SNIsystemets</p><p>branschklassificering. För varje bransch beräknas enligt Economic-base modellen</p><p>en lokaliseringskoefficient som visar branschens sysselsättningsandel i länet i förhållande till</p><p>dess sysselsättningsandel i riket. Den bransch som i respektive län uppvisar högst värde på</p><p>koefficienten benämns basindustri. Sambandet mellan sysselsättningsförändringen i varje läns</p><p>basindustri och länets totala sysselsättningsförändring undersöks genom en paneldatastudie.</p><p>Förutom basindustrins sysselsättningsförändring används den länsvisa befolkningsnivån som</p><p>förklarande variabel. Paneldataundersökningen visar att basindustrins</p><p>sysselsättningsförändring signifikant förklarar en del av total sysselsättningsförändring i sex</p><p>av länen. I tre av dessa län kan basindustrins sysselsättningsförändring sägas vara</p><p>tillväxtdrivande medan den i tre län påverkar tillväxten negativt.</p>

Denna uppsats använder branschvis sysselsättningsförändring i Sveriges 21 län mellan åren 1995-2002 som ett mått på regional tillväxt. Alla branscher i ett län delas in enligt SNIsystemets branschklassificering. För varje bransch beräknas enligt Economic-base modellen en lokaliseringskoefficient som visar branschens sysselsättningsandel i länet i förhållande till dess sysselsättningsandel i riket. Den bransch som i respektive län uppvisar högst värde på koefficienten benämns basindustri. Sambandet mellan sysselsättningsförändringen i varje läns basindustri och länets totala sysselsättningsförändring undersöks genom en paneldatastudie. Förutom basindustrins sysselsättningsförändring används den länsvisa befolkningsnivån som förklarande variabel. Paneldataundersökningen visar att basindustrins sysselsättningsförändring signifikant förklarar en del av total sysselsättningsförändring i sex av länen. I tre av dessa län kan basindustrins sysselsättningsförändring sägas vara tillväxtdrivande medan den i tre län påverkar tillväxten negativt.

In recent decades, revenue diversification has become a prevalent practice in state and local government finance. The trend of revenue diversification, according to the portfolio theory, has far-reaching implication for public financial management as it may change revenue stability, which has been an important policy objective for state and local government administrators. This study explores how revenue diversification affects revenue stability from both empirical and theoretical perspectives. Drawing on portfolio theory and regional science literature, this study develops a theoretical framework to explain how the effect of revenue diversification on revenue volatility of sub-national governments varies in terms of its economic base instability. To empirically test the theoretical framework, an econometric model that explores a series of factors that could affect revenue stability is estimated using socioeconomic and fiscal data of 156 Georgia county governments and 47 state governments during the years 1986-2004. The findings indicate that revenue diversification affects revenue stability conditional on the instability of a jurisdiction’s economic base. The county level analysis suggests revenue diversification significantly increases the revenue instability of a county that has a stable economic base and the revenue stabilizing effect of diversification is enhanced as an economic base becomes more unstable. However, the state level analysis shows that revenue diversification significantly reduces revenue volatility for a state that has a stable economic base and the revenue stabilizing effect of diversification decreases when an economic base gets more unstable. An important policy implication of the dissertation is that the degree of revenue diversification should be gauged by the condition of its corresponding economic base in order to achieve the goal of revenue stability.

Cette thèse aborde la problématique du rapport entre ville et commerce.Depuis un siècle, la recherche urbaine est venue rappeler avec constance l’existence d’une relation d’évidence entre ces deux termes. Cette relation est pourtant interrogée par un phénomène de découplage croissant entre l’évolution des surfaces de commerce et l’évolution de la consommation des territoires.Cette recherche avance l’hypothèse que ce découplage témoigne d’un processus de «déterritorialisation » du commerce, au sens où l’activité de ce secteur relève désormais en majorité de grandes entreprises intégrées ou de conglomérats d’activités qui, dans le sillage des firmes globales, développent de nouvelles stratégies de développement au sein de chaînes de valeur globale, dont l’un des effets majeurs est de les émanciper des contraintes d’implantation sur un territoire donné, qu’il soit national, régional, voire local. En des termes régulationnistes, les mutations du mode d’accumulation du commerce définissent un nouvel espace économique tendant à se dissocier de l’espace politique de sa régulation par les territoires.La démarche s’engage sur une réflexion épistémologique visant à révéler les hypothèses fondatrices du cadre d’analyse de cette relation réputée « d’évidence », entre ville et commerce. Elle se poursuit par un questionnement de ces hypothèses, mené à partir de la mesure empirique de deux phénomènes de disjonction entre l’évolution de la fonction commerciale et l’évolution de la structure commerciale des villes. La question de la vacance commerciale est particulièrement traitée. Elle s’achève par la proposition d’un cadre d’analyse du rapport entre ville et commerce revisité à travers le concept de déterritorialisation. / For over a century, town planning constantly insisted on the link between these two notions.Nevertheless, this relation is coming under scrutiny because of a decoupling phenomenon between the evolution of the trade surface versus the evolution of the territories consumption.This research works from the hypothesis that the decoupling is the result of a process of "deterritorialization" of trade, meaning that the trade activities are part of large integrated companies or conglomerates following the same example than global firms developing new strategies based on global values. As a result, the trade installation in a given territory is emancipated from the national, regional or local constraints.In legal terms, the changes of the accumulation process for trade defines a new economic space tending to separate itself from the political sphere and its regulations by the territories.This analysis is based on a systematic reflection about the founding hypotheses linking city and trade as an obvious "fait accompli". The hypotheses will be challenged by a study based on observations of two disjunction phenomenoms between the evolution of trade levels and the evolution of trade infrastructure within cities. The question of commercial vacancy will be examined in details. In the end, a new proposal will be presented to revisit the connection between city and trade through the concept of "deterritorialization".

ABSTRACT A CRITICAL EVALUATION OF THE SOCIALIST JOURNAL AYDINLIK WITHIN A MARXIAN THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK G&uuml / ndogan, Ercan Ph.D., Department of Political Science and Public Administration Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mehmet Okyayuz July 2005, 855 pages The thesis concerns with the conception of class and revolution in Marxian meta-theory and examines its reception by the Turkish Marxist left through an analysis of the Socialist Journal Aydinlik (1968-1971). Survey demonstrates that the reception is obscured by strategic debates, and is also not perfectly realized due to the needs of the rapid development of the Turkish socialist left after 1960s. Marxian theory is used mainly to justify the national democratic revolutionary strategy which is presented as only valid strategy, against socialist revolutionary strategy. National Democratic Revolutionary strategy is suggested to close the gap between Marxian framework which exclusively focuses on the proletarian socialist politics and the undeveloped revolutionary conditions of the underdeveloped societies. However, this gap is closed only at the expense of creating new gaps between Marx and the country. Class phenomena are analyzed in the framework of the imperialism-feudalism-comprador bourgeoisie alliance and popular or national classes. This strategy suggests that only after national democratic revolution is perfectly completed, socialist revolutionary struggle can be valid. It thereby postpones the possibility of socialist struggle and hence Marx to an undetermined future.

Esta pesquisa analisou a transição do antigo norte de Goiás para criação do território Estado do Tocantins e a sua conjuntura do desenvolvimento regional entre 1990 e 2010. Partiu-se do aporte teórico de Raffestin sobre o conceito de desenvolvimento territorial. Na primeira parte recuperam-se alguns elementos históricos da antiga região norte de Goiás, mormente sobre as condições precárias dos indicadores sociais e econômicos, buscando captar no tempo e no espaço a criação do Estado do Tocantins e sua inserção na economia regional e nacional. Na segunda parte, tratou-se da problemática do desenvolvimento regional o aporte teórico partiu das concepções de Douglass North e complementando a discussão sobre econômica regional, foram trazidos autores como Christaller, Myrdal, Perroux e Hirschman. A metodologia aplicada foi a análise de observação e percepção. Na parte quantitativa, o instrumental utilizado foi a estimativa do Índice de Desenvolvimento Regional (IDR) e o método de análise regional. Permeados por dados secundários do Ipeadata, RAIS, IBGE e PNUD. Na parte qualitativa, utilizou-se a técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC), por meio de questionários e entrevista dos atores-chaves. Na estimativa do IDR, chegou-se a um resultado que permite ordenar os municípios conforme o grau de dinamicidade. Conclui-se que em todos os períodos analisados, há grandes desigualdades sociais e econômicas entre os municípios do Tocantins. No entanto, vem reduzindo moderadamente a quantidade de municípios de base econômica retardatários. Constatou-se que o grande empregador está vinculado ao poder público estadual e municipal. Todavia, a economia do território Tocantins tem aumentando sua participação na geração de emprego nos setores do comércio, do serviço, da indústria de transformação, da construção civil e do ramo de atividade da agropecuária. Estimando o multiplicador de emprego para o Estado do Tocantins, passou de 4, 76 em 2000, para 5, 11, em 2010, ou seja, o estado vem aumento sua capacidade de gerar emprego no setor básico para o setor não básico da economia do Tocantins. Constatou-se, também, que a rodovia Belém-Brasília (BR-153) se constitui num corredor de desenvolvimento regional. Contudo há grandes disparidades e desigualdades entre os municípios do Tocantins, onde 117 estão abaixo da base de polo de manutenção, dos 22 municípios, 19 têm base de polo de manutenção, de especialização, e apenas 3 (Palmas , Araguaína e Gurupi) apresenta polo de base de diversificação, ou seja, possui mais base de diversificação e difusão. / This research analyzed the transition from the old northern Goiás State, Brazil, to the creation of the Tocantins State territory and its regional development context from 1990 to 2010. This study is based on the theoretical support of Raffestin on the concept of territorial development. In the first part, some historical elements of the old northern Goiás about the precarious situation of social and economic indicators are recovered, seeking to capture in time and space the creation of the Tocantins State and its integration into the regional and national economy. The second part addresses the regional development issues with the theoretical basis on Douglass North conceptions and completion of the discussion on regional economy using the authors as Christaller, Myrdal, Perroux and Hirschman. Analysis of observation and perception were used as methodology. The estimate of the Regional Development Index (RDI) and the method of regional analysis were used for the quantitative part, permeated by the side data of Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (Ipea) (Applied Economic Research Institute), Relação Anual de Informações Sociais (RAIS) (Annual List of social Information), Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics), and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The technique of the Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC) (Collective Subject Discourse) was used for qualitative part through questionnaires and interviews with key stakeholders. Estimating the Index of Regional Development (IRD), the result allows us to organize the municipalities according to their degree of dynamism. It is concluded in all analyzed periods that there are great social and economic inequalities among the one hundred thirty-nine municipalities of Tocantins State. However, the amount of stragglers economic base of municipalities is coming moderately reducing. It was found that the major employer is linked to state and local government. Nonetheless, the economy of Tocantins territory has increased its share in employment generation in the sectors of trade, services, manufacturing, construction, and agricultural branch of activity. The employment multiplier for the State of Tocantins increased from 4,76 in 2000 to 5,11 in 2010, i.e., the State has increased its capacity to generate employment in the primary sector to the non-basic sector of the economy. It was found also that the Belém-Brasília highway (BR-153) constitutes a regional development corridor. Nevertheless, there are great disparities and inequalities among the municipalities of Tocantins, considering one hundred and seventeen municipalities below the base maintenance polo; nineteen municipalities have base maintenance polo of specialization, and only three municipalities (Palmas, Gurupi, and Araguaína) present diversification base pole, i.e., they have more diversification and diffusion base.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:33:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nilton Marques de Oliveira.pdf: 3230093 bytes, checksum: 9f74f991ad7d876821d9b1e3af3af43e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-12 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research analyzed the transition from the old northern Goiás State, Brazil, to the creation of the Tocantins State territory and its regional development context from 1990 to 2010. This study is based on the theoretical support of Raffestin on the concept of territorial development. In the first part, some historical elements of the old northern Goiás about the precarious situation of social and economic indicators are recovered, seeking to capture in time and space the creation of the Tocantins State and its integration into the regional and national economy. The second part addresses the regional development issues with the theoretical basis on Douglass North conceptions and completion of the discussion on regional economy using the authors as Christaller, Myrdal, Perroux and Hirschman. Analysis of observation and perception were used as methodology. The estimate of the Regional Development Index (RDI) and the method of regional analysis were used for the quantitative part, permeated by the side data of Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (Ipea) (Applied Economic Research Institute), Relação Anual de Informações Sociais (RAIS) (Annual List of social Information), Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics), and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The technique of the Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC) (Collective Subject Discourse) was used for qualitative part through questionnaires and interviews with key stakeholders. Estimating the Index of Regional Development (IRD), the result allows us to organize the municipalities according to their degree of dynamism. It is concluded in all analyzed periods that there are great social and economic inequalities among the one hundred thirty-nine municipalities of Tocantins State. However, the amount of stragglers economic base of municipalities is coming moderately reducing. It was found that the major employer is linked to state and local government. Nonetheless, the economy of Tocantins territory has increased its share in employment generation in the sectors of trade, services, manufacturing, construction, and agricultural branch of activity. The employment multiplier for the State of Tocantins increased from 4,76 in 2000 to 5,11 in 2010, i.e., the State has increased its capacity to generate employment in the primary sector to the non-basic sector of the economy. It was found also that the Belém-Brasília highway (BR-153) constitutes a regional development corridor. Nevertheless, there are great disparities and inequalities among the municipalities of Tocantins, considering one hundred and seventeen municipalities below the base maintenance polo; nineteen municipalities have base maintenance polo of specialization, and only three municipalities (Palmas, Gurupi, and Araguaína) present diversification base pole, i.e., they have more diversification and diffusion base. / Esta pesquisa analisou a transição do antigo norte de Goiás para criação do território Estado do Tocantins e a sua conjuntura do desenvolvimento regional entre 1990 e 2010. Partiu-se do aporte teórico de Raffestin sobre o conceito de desenvolvimento territorial. Na primeira parte recuperam-se alguns elementos históricos da antiga região norte de Goiás, mormente sobre as condições precárias dos indicadores sociais e econômicos, buscando captar no tempo e no espaço a criação do Estado do Tocantins e sua inserção na economia regional e nacional. Na segunda parte, tratou-se da problemática do desenvolvimento regional o aporte teórico partiu das concepções de Douglass North e complementando a discussão sobre econômica regional, foram trazidos autores como Christaller, Myrdal, Perroux e Hirschman. A metodologia aplicada foi a análise de observação e percepção. Na parte quantitativa, o instrumental utilizado foi a estimativa do Índice de Desenvolvimento Regional (IDR) e o método de análise regional. Permeados por dados secundários do Ipeadata, RAIS, IBGE e PNUD. Na parte qualitativa, utilizou-se a técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC), por meio de questionários e entrevista dos atores-chaves. Na estimativa do IDR, chegou-se a um resultado que permite ordenar os municípios conforme o grau de dinamicidade. Conclui-se que em todos os períodos analisados, há grandes desigualdades sociais e econômicas entre os municípios do Tocantins. No entanto, vem reduzindo moderadamente a quantidade de municípios de base econômica retardatários. Constatou-se que o grande empregador está vinculado ao poder público estadual e municipal. Todavia, a economia do território Tocantins tem aumentando sua participação na geração de emprego nos setores do comércio, do serviço, da indústria de transformação, da construção civil e do ramo de atividade da agropecuária. Estimando o multiplicador de emprego para o Estado do Tocantins, passou de 4, 76 em 2000, para 5, 11, em 2010, ou seja, o estado vem aumento sua capacidade de gerar emprego no setor básico para o setor não básico da economia do Tocantins. Constatou-se, também, que a rodovia Belém-Brasília (BR-153) se constitui num corredor de desenvolvimento regional. Contudo há grandes disparidades e desigualdades entre os municípios do Tocantins, onde 117 estão abaixo da base de polo de manutenção, dos 22 municípios, 19 têm base de polo de manutenção, de especialização, e apenas 3 (Palmas , Araguaína e Gurupi) apresenta polo de base de diversificação, ou seja, possui mais base de diversificação e difusão.

The aim of the thesis is to analyse how to measure an economic pillar of sustainable urban development when it is understood in terms of qualitative city development. This principly means achieving economic prosperity which does not lead to damage of the city areas and decrease the quality of life for its residents. This approach requires the creation of an appropriate set of indicators that will cover qualitative aspects of sustainable economic development. The first section summarizes existing approaches to the definition of sustainable development and ways of measuring both on the Czech and the international level. There are also defined basic characteristics of the urban development which are appropriate to express a qualitative development of the city. The second part is focused on existing ways in which sustainable development is measured, i.e. especially in the context of indicator sets. These are under detailed assessment which aim is to show how useful is to measure the economic sustainability from the qualitative point of view. In this part, the limits of using economic macro aggregates (especially Gross Domestic Product) is emphasized because there are still regarded as one of the key economic indicators of sustainable development. In the next part the thesis deals with the definition of economic prosperity and focuses on the characteristics typical for short, medium and long term perspective. Measurement of sustainable urban development in the short term is based on assessment of financial situation. From the medium-term point of view, it is crucial to assess how the city handles its property, i.e. mainly buildings and land. These property components are substantial for a further direction of city development. In the next section are designed indicators aimed at measuring the ability of the city to maintain a skilled workforce which is one of the most important conditions of long-term economic prosperity. The final theoretical part of the thesis is focused on how the long-term sustainable urban development is to be expressed in an economic way through the assessment of investments in urban infrastructure and its operational efficiency. The designed set of indicators is verified on case studies of three medium-sized Czech cities.