Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University. / The purpose of this dissertation is to investigate, by an examination of four philosophic points of view, the nature of selfhood. Although their thoughts diverge, the common assumption of Ralph Barton Perry, Edgar Sheffield Brightman, Jean-Paul Sartre, and Soren Kierkegaard appears to be that the self, rather than society, nature, or God, is the root of morality. Perry's philosophy, operating from the springboard of his polemic against idealism, is an expression of his doctrine of scientific method: that reality, including the reality of the self, is best discovered when the distorting effects of the observing self are minimized. These distortions include the several "fallacies of idealism" as well as the general idealistic error of assuming that being and being known are synonymous. Removal of the distortions reveals a self integrated with nature; a) epistemologically, in that consciousness means a structural unity of the objects of consciousness without residue; b) naturalistically, in that responses of the self to its environment are those of a natural, organic entity; c) morally, in that interest is the determiner of value, and the consummation of values--harmonious happiness--is derivable from that interest.[TRUNCATED]

La buena poesía es siempre contenedora de una vitalidad y una significación que supera el tiempo y los cambios de época, pero sobre todo, largamente el silencio circunstancial de los críticos. Este es el caso de Edgar Guzmán Jorquera, arequipeño nacido en la Punta de Bombón, en la provincia de Islay, en octubre de 1935. Si bien fue considerado como uno de los grandes poetas de la década del 50, por su metáforas llenas de sueños de la mente (tal como las calificara Raúl Bueno) y de reflexiones filosóficas, el mérito de Guzmán es haber forjado desde sí mismo y de manera solitaria, una poética que concilie la forma (no necesariamente tradicional) de la poesía, y los fundamentos del pensamiento analítico respecto al Hombre y su mundo. En Perfil de la materia, Edgar Guzmán propone una fórmula «antipoética» que actúe como una nueva construcción del discurso estético, con la finalidad de generar un nuevo texto que despersonalice y deforme nuestra realidad para la instauración de una nueva. Es decir, que su poesía pretende la unificación del hombre (y la materialidad que lo circunda) junto con la revaloración de una sociedad que puede ser mejor. Con la presente investigación se trata de establecer una puerta de entrada y una guía estructural para el encuentro íntimo con la poesía de Guzmán. A través de un estudio lúcido de los sentidos y técnicas fundamentales utilizados en su obra, así como las definiciones e ideologías presentes en su poesía, encontraremos una manifestación evidente del fenómeno de la intertextualidad y un trabajo estético orientado a las visiones universales, donde la metafísica, la filosofía, la ciencia y el arte, se conjugan dentro de una propuesta unitaria que convierte al lector en causa y efecto del fenómeno poético. He ahí la magia y la vitalidad de la buena poesía. / Tesis

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T14:40:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 399479.pdf: 819206 bytes, checksum: 0a2615a8f66001be7207b453251f0c97 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-08-16 / O objetivo deste trabalho ? discutir alguns aspectos essencias da epistemologia da comunica??o, privilegiando os t?picos discutidos por pesquisadores do GT de Epistemologia da Comunica??o da Comp?s desde 2001 quando foi criado. Qual ? a delimita??o do campo da comunica??o? Qual ? objeto da comunica??o? Pode-se considerar que as revolu??es tecnol?gicas orientam a comunica??o? Estas s?o algumas das interroga??es nodais que enfrentam aqueles que se dedicam a investigar teoricamente as quest?es referentes ?s ci?ncias da comunica??o, a Comunica??o e a comunica??o. A partir da identifica??o destes dilemas epistemol?gicos apontados por pesquisadores da ?rea da Comunica??o, procura-se fazer dialogar tais quest?es com ?s id?ias apresentadas pelo paradigma da complexidade, proposto por Edgar Morin, nos seis volumes de O M?todo escritos e publicados entre 1977 e 2004. S?o obras que refletem a preocupa??o com a produ??o do conhecimento cien?fico, sendo concebida pelo pr?prio autor como uma s?ntese de seu pensamento epistemol?gico. O paradigma da complexidade de Morin, que se contrap?e a epistemologia moderna, tem sido um instrumento ?til na revis?o de pressupostos te?ricos e metodol?gicos em diversas ?reas do saber a partir da segunda metade das ?ltimas d?cadas o s?culo XX. Acredita-se nesta pesquisa que o mesmo pode acontecer em rela??o ? reflex?o sobre os fen?menos e as teorias da comunica??o. Ap?s analisar o que poderia ser a resposta Morineana para os quetionamentos epistemol?gicos da comunica??o, busca-se refletir sobre a relev?ncia do pensamento tecnol?gico no pensamento comunicacional pautado por uma epistemologia complexa da comunica??o.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:22:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 457057.pdf: 828874 bytes, checksum: 1feef074e932af0e644cda3ca7ef0ec0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-01-15 / This dissertation consists of two articles that seek to understand the contributions of Complex Thinking and small groups (microsocieties) to the construction of knowledge in Social Psychology. The first article, "The Development of Complex Thinking and its Contributions to the Construction of Knowledge in Social Psychology" aimed to understand the development of Complex Thinking and its consequent contributions to the construction of knowledge in Social Psychology. The second one, "The Contributions of Complex Thinking for Social Psychology and the Understanding of Small Groups: an Integrative Review" aimed to understand what contributions of Complex Thinking are present in the articles on small groups searched in different databases. In the first article we discussed, based on authors of Philosophy and Complexity, how the idea of complexity arose in the scientific scenario aiming to understand what contributions from other disciplines were important in the development of Complex Thinking and what contributions may be used in Social Psychology. From concepts such as non-linearity, non-causality and non-objectivity we propose a rethinking about Social Psychology. In the second article, from an integrative review of the articles searched in different databases, we propose to understand the contributions of Complex Thinking to Social Psychology and to the understanding of small groups (microsocieties) through the seven guiding principles proposed by Morin. Complex Thinking allows, at the same time, to conceive emergency levels of reality without reducing it to basic units and general laws. In this way, the understanding of small group is not an easy task, since it is seen as a complex system of units in relationship in which the sum of the parts can be bigger or smaller than the whole and in which emerging phenomena are possible. / Essa disserta??o ? composta por dois artigos que visam compreender as contribui??es do Pensamento Complexo ? constru??o do conhecimento em Psicologia Social, bem como suas reverbera??es na compreens?o da microssociedade pequeno grupo. O primeiro, O desenvolvimento do Pensamento Complexo e suas contribui??es para a constru??o do conhecimento em Psicologia Social teve como objetivo compreender o desenvolvimento do Pensamento Complexo e suas consequentes contribui??es para a constru??o do conhecimento em Psicologia Social. O segundo artigo, As contribui??es do Pensamento Complexo para a Psicologia Social e o entendimento dos pequenos grupos: uma revis?o integrativa teve como objetivo compreender que contribui??es do Pensamento Complexo est?o presentes nos artigos pesquisados em bases de dados sobre pequenos grupos. No primeiro artigo, discutimos, a partir de autores da Filosofia e da Complexidade, como a ideia da complexidade surgiu, de maneira esparsa, no cen?rio cient?fico com o objetivo de compreender que contribui??es de outras disciplinas foram importantes no desenvolvimento do Pensamento Complexo e que contribui??es disso emergem para a Psicologia Social. A partir de conceitos como: n?o-linearidade, n?o-causalidade, n?o-objetividade propomos um repensar acerca da Psicologia Social. No segundo artigo, a partir de uma revis?o integrativa de artigos pesquisados em bases de dados, propomos a compreens?o das contribui??es do Pensamento Complexo para a Psicologia Social e para o entendimento da microssociedade pequeno grupo a partir dos sete princ?pios norteadores propostos por Morin. O Pensamento Complexo permite que, ao mesmo tempo, separe-se e associe-se, que se concebam os n?veis de emerg?ncia da realidade sem reduzi-la ?s unidades elementares e ?s leis gerais. Dessa forma, o entendimento sobre o pequeno grupo ? complexificado, na medida em que ele ? visto como um sistema complexo de unidades em rela??o, no qual o a soma das partes pode ser maior ou menor que o todo e no qual s?o poss?veis os fen?menos emergentes.

This project began in Dr. Anthony Magistrale’s graduate seminar focused on the works of Edgar Allan Poe. It is the result of our common interests in Poe’s textual canon, and furthermore in the nineteenth- and twentieth-century illustrative works that were inspired by it. After performing significant research, the conclusion was reached that despite the extensive collection of visual works, catalogued by Burton Pollin, little work had been done that actually explored the relationship between these works and the text. I found myself asking what role this canon of illustrations played in shaping the public understanding of and reception towards the Poe tales that are so widely known today. “A Par/ergon for Poe: Arthur Rackham and the Fin de Siècle Illustrators” is intended as an introduction for further study on the extent of influence that nineteenth- and twentieth- century artists had in promoting and supplementing Poe’s work. Given that the earliest prominent illustrator of the canon, Édouard Manet, began illustrating “The Raven” at the request of Charles Baudelaire, Poe’s first translator and the man who communicated Poe’s work to the world, the fin de siècle illustrations were produced concurrently to Poe’s burgeoning popularity. In the first chapter, I engage in a literary history of the fin de siècle artistic movements and major figures and their exposure to Poe, including Manet, Gustave Dore, and the Symbolists, Aubrey Beardsley, Harry Clarke, and the Decadents, and finally, Arthur Rackham and the Modernists. I track Poe’s influence after his death, exploring the question of why such prominent artists were interested in representing Poe’s work, specifically, in the first place. Subsequently, this thesis also discovers what elements of their work and aesthetics could be seen as representative of Poe’s. Then, using Jacques Derrida’s ekphrastic theory of the parergon/ergon supplementary relationship, I deconstruct the textual “lack” in Poe’s tales as that which sets up an availability to the illustration. Through this “lack,” the supplemental illustration can insert itself and exert its own power, altering the way the text is received based on the style and time of its reception. My second chapter turns to Poe’s tales and the subsequent illustrations by Rackham. I place particular emphasis on texts and images of “The Cask of Amontillado” and “The Fall of the House of Usher,” with supplementary references to “Hop-Frog,” “Ligeia,” “The Domain of Arnheim,” and “Landor’s Cottage.” I use textual analysis and visual case studies to demonstrate the way in which the illustrations fill the “lack” present in their respective texts, and build out precisely where this lack can be seen. I explore the way the images both mimic and change the reader’s relationship with the tales and characters, altering the reader’s response and thus, the overarching canonical interpretation. By doing this, my project demonstrates how strong of an impact Arthur Rackham and the fin de siècle illustrators made on the public perception of and reception to the tales of Edgar Allan Poe.

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This doctoral essay examines the vocal solo and duet repertoire of Kenneth Mahy, an American composer of art song and choral music in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. By examining his songs, assessing their difficulty, and analyzing their texts, this essay establishes that Kenneth Mahy is a composer worthy of note. In addition, this study provides pedagogical observations and performance notes of his songs. Furthermore, this essay provides biographical information about Mahy, and examines how his training, education, military experience, and unique experiences as the son of missionaries in China and the Philippines, among other influences, have affected and shaped his compositions. Resources include source material gathered from Mahy's personal archives, manuscripts and scores, and personal interviews with Mahy. This information provides comprehensive insight into a unique and deserving composer of modern American art song.

This study attempted to discover the operative cultural assumptions that guide school people's solutions to external and internal problems and that are taught to new members as the correct way to approach these problems. Schein's (1984) levels of culture and their interaction formed the conceptual framework for the study. The research method was based on Schein's (1985a) Joint Exploration Through Iterative Interviewing methodology which involved a series of encounters and joint explorations between an outside investigator and various inside key informants. <p>This methodology incorporated a triangulation approach using data from interviews, observations, and archival material. Data were collected over a four-month period within one school nominated by central office personnel of the Westville Catholic Board of Education. Throughout the data collection phase, formulating hypotheses about the school's assumptions was used to guide data collection and analysis. Data were categorized based on Schein's methodology of using basic assumptions to form cultural paradigms. <p>Data concluded that three basic assumptions guided life at St. Gabriel School: (1) the Catholic faith and the Christian value system pervaded all school activity; (2) a transactional leadership style influenced decision-making, relationships, communications, and the teaching-learning situation; and (3) the student's social needs were emphasized at the expense of academic learning. Staff, students, and parents appeared to be socialized into all three assumptions. This study revealed that the principal had a major impact upon how all three assumptions arose and were maintained. The religious assumption was initiated as part of the principal's leadership role. His leadership style emphasized student's social needs and resulted from his espoused philosophy of learning. Teachers, parents, and students possessed the same basic assumptions. Each group contained individuals who espoused values different from those embedded in the three assumptions, but the predominant members representing each group were living out the assumptions. While some members in each group desired change, no one was able to effect change. The possibility of establishing a school culture which encompasses the school effectiveness characteristics within the context of these three basic cultural assumptions would be problematic. St. Gabriel School did not demonstrate a shared vision on academic learning were planned curriculum, high expectations, and ongoing assessment reflected school academic goals. Collaborative and transformational relations were not characteristic of the staff. <p>Schein's (1984) conceptual model, developed for the study of basic cultual assumptions, was useful in deciphering the culture of St. Gabriel. Schein's analysis of culture as existing at three different levels proved to be an important distinction as data were collected. His Joint Exploration Through Iterative Interviewing methodology enabled the underlying assumptions to be brought to the surface. Schein provided a valuable theoretical framework and an appropriate methodology for studying the deepest level of an organization, that is, its cultural assumption. Judgements and conclusions about schools can be made on superficial levels of observation. In order to truly understand the functioning of any school probing beneath these source levels is necessary. This study confirmed that, for this instance, principals have a dominant influence on the culture of schools, therefore, they should be helped to use a cultural lens in order to understand and assess the state of effectiveness of their schools. Finally, a number of theoretical, methodological, and practical implications were noted.

En jämförande analys av Hjalmar Söderbergs Doktor Glas och Edgar Allan Poes "Det skvallrande hjärtat", ur ett psykoanalytiskt och strukturalistiskt perspektiv. Båda verken utgår ifrån en huvudkaraktär och ett mord som de begår. Jag har valt att, utifrån ett strukturalistiskt perspektiv, försöka tillämpa detektivstrukturen och se hur författarna förhåller sig till den. Jämför även huvudkaraktärernas beteende före, under och efter morden ur ett psykoanalytiskt perspektiv för att kolla på skillnader och likheter.

This paper will argue that there are similarities between “The Raven”, “The Fall of the House of Usher”, “Ligeia” and “Berenice” in their treatment of the common motifs of isolation and melancholy, and, furthermore, that their protagonists are similar due to their relation to these two motifs. The paper will also argue that the usage of the motif of isolation is a strategic way for the author to emphasise the Gothic horror. In order to support my argument, I will, firstly, provide an outline of how melancholy, isolation and the Gothic were understood in the nineteenth century. Secondly, I will demonstrate ways in which the works are similar. By comparing the characters’ personalities and behaviour to each other, I will illustrate how melancholy and isolation are represented in similar ways in the works of this study. Thirdly, I will show how the motif of isolation reinforces the Gothic.