Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-12-20T08:47:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Roberta Leite Panico.pdf: 2005543 bytes, checksum: ad2940eb8148f6d1bdc8c0c4c1b5c6f0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-20T08:47:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Roberta Leite Panico.pdf: 2005543 bytes, checksum: ad2940eb8148f6d1bdc8c0c4c1b5c6f0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-05 / In the last years the external evaluation has occupied central place in the educational policies of the nation, the states and the cities. Many studies have been published and mention the growing initiative of the use of external evaluation by educational management of cities. However, the use of external evaluation by municipal networks still presents many challenges, since its use does not always turn into improvement for student learning. In the light of this context, the present study aims to identify the appropriation and uses of external evaluation by educational managers, specifically the professionals from the education departments of the cities of Miranda do Norte, Santa Inês and Monção, in the state of Maranhão, which participated for two years in the "Evaluation and Learning" training program, a public-private partnership between the Fundação Itaú Social (FIS) and the Civil Society Organization for Public Interest Comunidade Educativa CEDAC. Intending to understand the possible uses and appropriation of the external evaluation by the teams of the education departments that have undergone the formative process, this study aims to contribute to a more in-depth discussion about these uses and about the training of educational managers in this theme. This is a qualitative research that used as a methodological procedure the content analysis from the reports of five participants of the training program, captured through semi-structured interviews. From the collected data, it was possible to identify uses and appropriations of the external evaluation by the educational managers, related to two categories. One category refers to practices that qualify data from external evaluation and the other refers to practices that organize and structure the work on the network / Nos últimos anos a avaliação externa vem ocupando espaço central nas políticas educacionais da União, dos estados e dos municípios. Muitos estudos têm sido divulgados e mencionam a crescente iniciativa de utilização da avaliação externa pela gestão educacional dos municípios. Porém, o uso da avaliação externa pelas redes municipais ainda traz muitos desafios, pois nem sempre sua utilização se reverte em melhoria para a aprendizagem dos estudantes. Diante desse contexto, o presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar a apropriação e os usos da avaliação externa pelos gestores educacionais, mais especificamente os profissionais das secretarias de educação dos municípios de Miranda do Norte, Santa Inês e Monção, no estado do Maranhão, que participaram por dois anos do programa de formação “Avaliação e Aprendizagem”, uma parceria público-privada entre a Fundação Itaú Social (FIS) e a Organização da Sociedade Civil de Interesse Público (OSCIP) Comunidade Educativa CEDAC. Com o intuito de compreender os possíveis usos e a apropriação da avaliação externa pelas equipes das secretarias que passaram pelo processo formativo, este estudo pretende contribuir com a discussão mais aprofundada sobre esses usos e sobre a formação dos gestores educacionais nessa temática. Esta é uma pesquisa qualitativa, que utilizou como procedimento metodológico a análise de conteúdo a partir dos relatos de cinco participantes do programa de formação, captados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. A partir dos dados coletados, foi possível identificar usos e apropriações da avaliação externa pelos gestores educacionais, relacionados a duas categorias. Uma categoria diz respeito às práticas que qualificam os dados da avaliação externa e a outra às práticas que organizam e estruturam o trabalho na rede

O Sistema Único de Saúde, para consolidar-se, necessita de profissionais alinhados com seus princípios doutrinários. Para tanto, além de mudanças na formação profissional, são necessárias ações de Educação Permanente em Saúde para ajustar as competências dos profissionais às necessidades do sistema. Considerando a importância de tais ações e os investimentos necessários para sua execução, é essencial avaliar seus resultados. Na área da saúde, no Brasil e internacionalmente, os estudos sobre esta temática têm mostrado que as avaliações de reação e aprendizagem são as mais amplamente utilizadas, sendo poucos os que avançam no sentido de avaliar o impacto dessas ações e de estabelecer relações entre os níveis de avaliação. Diante disso, o presente estudo propôs-se a analisar um treinamento de bastante relevância para a atenção primária: o Curso Introdutório à Estratégia Saúde da Família. Os objetivos específicos compreenderam - a análise dos planos instrucionais, a avaliação da satisfação de treinandos e instrutores, a avaliação da aprendizagem, a auto-avaliação de impacto e a verificação de existência de relações entre as variáveis das avaliações. Com delineamento correlacional, foram analisadas 291 avaliações, abrangendo as avaliações de satisfação, aprendizagem e impacto, além de três planos instrucionais de uma instituição filantrópica, atuante na Atenção Primária, na cidade de São Paulo. Responderam às avaliações: seis instrutores, 66 treinandos participantes dos Cursos dos meses de agosto e setembro de 2011 (turma A) e 52 participantes entre os anos de 2005 e início de 2011 (turma B). A análise dos planos instrucionais evidenciou que os objetivos do curso não correspondem ao recomendado pelo Ministério da Saúde, dentre outros, por não estarem descritos nas competências esperadas. Tanto instrutores como treinandos apresentaram bons escores de satisfação com relação ao curso, 77,6% e 74,4%, respectivamente. Houve diferença estatisticamente significativa na aprendizagem quando comparadas as avaliações nos momentos pré e pós treinamento (p=0,29), embora as notas médias tenham sido baixas nos dois momentos, sendo a pré 4,9 e a pós 5,5. Os profissionais com graduação apresentaram melhores desempenhos nos dois momentos de avaliação (p=0,02) em relação àqueles de nível médio e profissionalizante. Quanto ao impacto, os escores das duas turmas foram 38,1 (A) e 39 (B), não havendo diferença estatisticamente significativa (p=0,52). Foi identificada a associação entre satisfação e impacto (p=0,023). Os instrumentos de avaliação de satisfação e de impacto apresentaram confiabilidade constatada pelo Alpha de Cronbach 0,9 e 0,78, respectivamente. Dentre as principais conclusões, aponto: o aumento do conhecimento dos participantes após o Curso, com o qual se apresentaram satisfeitos e cujos conhecimentos estão sendo utilizados na prática profissional. Estes resultados contribuem com importantes informações para retroalimentar o planejamento e desenvolvimento do Curso Introdutório, bem como para a construção de uma metodologia de avaliação de ações educativas voltadas aos profissionais da área da saúde. Recomendo, por fim, a implementação de investigações científicas, nas dimensões teóricas e metodológicas da avaliação de programas de treinamento. / The Brazilian National Health Care System (SUS), in order to consolidate itself, needs professionals aligned with their doctrinal principles. To do so, as well as make changes in vocational training, actions are required for Continuing Education in Health to adjust the professional skills according to the needs of the system. Considering the importance of such actions and investments needed for their implementation, it is essential to evaluate their results. In the health areas in Brazil and internationally, studies on this particular subject have shown that the assessments of reaction and learning are the most widely used, and few are advancing in order to assess the impact of these actions and to establish relationships between the levels of assessment. With this in mind, the present study proposed to examine a very important training for primary care: The Introductory Course to the Family Health Strategy. Specific objectives included - the analysis of instructional plans, assessment of satisfaction of trainees and instructors, the assessment of learning, self-impact assessment and verification of the existence of relationships between variables of assessment. With correlational design, 291 assessments were analyzed, including assessments of satisfaction, learning and impact, and three instructional plans for a philanthropic institution, active in Primary Care, in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Responders to the assessments included: six instructors, 66 trainees participating in the courses of the months of August and September 2011 (class A) and 52 participants between 2005 and early 2011 (class B). The analysis of the plans showed that the instructional objectives of the course do not correspond with what is recommended by the Ministry of Health, among others, because they are not described in the competencies expected. Both instructors and trainees had good scores for satisfaction in relation to the course, 77.6% and 74.4% respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in learning when compared to assessments in the pre and post training (p=0.29), although the average scores were low at both time intervals, with the pre 4.9 and post 5.5. Professionals with graduate levels showed better performances in the two time intervals (p = 0) when compared to mid-level and professional. As for the impact, scores of the two groups were 38.1 (A) and 39 (B), with no statistically significant difference (p=0.52). An association was identified between satisfaction and of impact (p=0.023). Assessment instruments of satisfaction and impact showed reliability as confirmed by Cronbach\'s alpha 0.78 and 0.9, respectively. The main findings pointed out: an increase in knowledge of the participants after the course, with which they presented satisfaction and learned those skills that are being used in professional practice. These findings contribute important information to feedback for the planning and development of the introductory course as well as for the construction of a methodology for assessing educational activities directed to health professionals. In conclusion, the implementation of scientific research in theoretical and methodological dimensions of the assessment of training programs is recommended.

This study uses the concept of stage-environment fit (Eccles et al., 1993) in conjunction with self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985) to guide an investigation of at-risk eighth graders' motivational and academic resilience. A developmentally-calibrated method was used to divide students into motivational and academic resilience groups based on their resilient, average, or stress-affected levels of academic engagement and GPA. Data from 167 eighth graders and 155 sixth graders were used to examine the extent to which students' ratings of autonomy, teacher support, peer support, and engagement in garden-based education were related to resilience group membership, and whether these four resources seemed more important to eighth graders than to sixth graders. Results provided support for the overall hypothesis that the four developmental resources (autonomy, teacher support, peer support, and garden engagement) seemed to serve as motivational and/or academic resources, but did not, generally, provide support for their being more important for eighth graders than for sixth graders. Analyses of variance and regressions showed that autonomy, teacher support, and garden engagement were all resources for eighth graders' motivation and achievement, with autonomy and teacher support as the strongest resources. Peer support was only a resource for motivation, and only for eighth-grade boys. In terms of unique effects, only autonomy uniquely predicted eighth graders' dual (motivational and academic) resilience group membership when controlling for the other developmental resources. In contrast, autonomy, teacher support, and garden engagement all uniquely predicted sixth graders' dual resilience group membership. Autonomy's status as the only unique predictor of eighth-grade resilience contrasted with an overall trend in which correlations among all variables were weaker for eighth graders than sixth graders. This contrast suggested that one part of eighth-grade risk might be an increased immunity to motivational resources. Autonomy seemed to fully mediate the relationship between teacher support and dually-resilient group membership for eighth graders, highlighting autonomy's role as a key component in motivational processes for at-risk eighth-graders. The study shed light on the educational risk posed by "eighth-gradeness" in conjunction with having an at-risk demographic status and a being traditional middle school setting, and suggested that autonomy might be a necessary, if not sufficient, route to eighth-grade motivational and academic resilience in light of this risk.

The primary question for this dissertation was: Does online professional development increase novice itinerant Teachers of Students with Visual impairments' (TVI) efficacy for assessing learning and literacy media for students with multiple disabilities including visual impairments? The literature suggested novice TVIs might experience low efficacy when implementing strategies unique to their job after leaving teacher-training programs. Working in an itinerant position can intensify perceptions of low efficacy. One area of low efficacy was conducting and reporting on the assessment of learning and literacy media (ALLM). Using a quasi-experimental pre/post-design, data were collected from pre/postintervention knowledge questionnaires about the assessment process and pre/postintervention written ALLM reports. Eleven participants with 1-5 years of experience as TVIs were divided into control and intervention groups. Four online modules were delivered to the intervention group. The data were analyzed using two dependent and two independent sample t tests. The results indicated the change scores between the control groups pre- and post-submissions did not improve. The change scores between the intervention groups pre- and post-submissions did significantly improve after participation in the online modules. The change scores overall between the intervention and control groups' pre/post submissions were statistically significant. The intervention group completed an acceptability rating scale regarding the feasibility of the modules and the results had an average score of 3.5 (4 = strongly agree). The primary limitation of this study was the small sample size and, therefore, did not allow for generalization.

The fieldwork for this study was conducted in the West Kimberley region of Western Australia between 1997 and 1999. Qualitative and quantitative information provided by 170 Aboriginal participants enabled an exploration of the context and patterns of Aboriginal alcohol use; Aboriginal perceptions of the alcohol issue, existing interventions, research findings, 'culture' and its role in prevention and intervention; and participants' incorporation of these perceptions into an Aboriginal model for alcohol misuse prevention, intervention and evaluation. Findings were based on the results of individual and focus group interviews, serial model-planning focus groups, documentary data and observation.Study findings generally suggest that in addition to self-determination and support components, 'cultural context' retains an important role for many remote area Aboriginal people. The findings from a small sub-sample tentatively suggest that 'cultural' disruption, in addition to the socio-economic consequences of colonisation and dispossession, may play an important role in alcohol misuse. Consequently, it appears that in combination with self-determination and support components, the strengthening of a locally-defined 'cultural' context may have an important role in alcohol misuse prevention and intervention - an approach frequently unrepresented in existing symptom-focused models and one inviting further investigation. The model developed by study participants expands significantly on existing symptom-focused approaches through a comprehensive life-enhancement focus on aspects of identity, opportunity and hope. This approach adds depth and meaning to understandings of cultural appropriateness and of culturally relevant models for substance misuse prevention and intervention.

University of Macau / Faculty of Education

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 2007. / Title from title page screen (viewed on Sept. 19, 2008). Thesis advisor: Schuyler Huck. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of Instrumental Enrichment, an educational program developed by Reuven Feuerstein, which attempts to improve an individual's ability to reason. A meta-analysis was performed on studies that had been conducted between the years 1979 to 1996. Thirty-six studies were analyzed according to their results from measurements in the cognitive/visual-perceptual, academic achievement and affective domains. The results from the meta-analysis were mixed. There were significant combined effect sizes of 0.24 for non-verbal ability, 1.41 for verbal ability, and 0.60 for one combination of full-scale ability. Significant effect sizes for measures of visual perception and visual-motor ability were 0.42, 0.71 and 1.68. There were also significant effect sizes for general achievement and for one combination of math achievement at 0.26 and 0.29 respectively. The intellectual achievement locus of control effect size was significant at 0.33. (Cohen (1988) considers an effect size of 0.20 to be small, that of 0.50 to be of medium size, and that of 0.80 to be large.) All effect sizes for reading were non-significant as was that for the Learning Potential Assessment Device. All other measures, such as those for self-confidence, self-concept, motivation and attitudes, in the affective domain were non-significant. One effect size for motivation and attitudes was significantly negative, indicating that the control group outperformed the treatment group. The results are discussed in terms of near- and far-transfer of learning.

This study investigates differences in academic achievement and self-concept of students enrolled in a traditional public school program and a public school Montessori program. The attitudes of parents of students are also compared. The population includes 182 experimental and control kindergarten, first-, second-, and third-grade students in a Texas metropolitan school district.

In the context of ecological crisis and environmental deterioration, teaching about environmental issues and the preservation of the world’s environment has become increasingly important across the globe (Chi-chung Ko & Chi-kin Lee, 2003). Of the various subjects taught in secondary schools, Science is often perceived as one that can make a significant contribution to environmental education. It is in this light that the study has looked at how Grade 11 and 12 Biology teachers in the Namibian context implement Environmental Learning (EL). This study was constituted as a case study of two schools in Windhoek, in the Khomas region. The study investigated the implementation of EL in the Biology curriculum focusing on the constraints and enabling factors influencing the implementation. This study employed qualitative methods, specifically semi-structured interviews, classroom observations and document analysis in its investigation of EL implementation. Purposive sampling was done and piloting of interview and observation schedules was used to refine the schedules. Ethical issues were taken into consideration throughout the study. The key findings from the study are as follows: - Teachers’ knowledge and interest in environmental education influence how teachers facilitate EL; - There is a mismatch between EL theories and practice; - Teaching of EL is mainly informed by the syllabus and not other curriculum documents, - Current assessment policy and practice impact on EL; and - Possibilities exist for improving EL in Namibia’s Biology curriculum. These key findings have been used to make recommendations for the study which are as follows: - Strengthen the subject content and interest of teachers; - There should be a match between EL theories and practice; - Reorient curriculum documents and other learning support materials used for EL; - Change in assessment approaches; and - Translate constraints of EL into enablers. The study concludes by calling for further research into EL pedagogies. This can be used to improve EL implementation in the region where the study was situated.