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An Examination of Joseph's Enslavement of the Egyptians in Gen 47:13-26 in Light of Relevant Slavery Texts Across the TanakhFuller, David J. January 2013 (has links)
An examination of scholarly perspectives on the ethicality of Joseph's enslavement of the Egyptians in Gen 47:13-26 reveals a debate over whether Joseph's actions were benevolent or oppressive. The majority of scholars who evaluate Joseph negatively simply ignore the relevant historical data, and Brueggemann's case for its dismissal is unconvincing. However, one area of contention that has gone relatively unexamined is the relevance and implications of later canonical materials relating to slavery. Childs' Canonical Approach is employed in a modified form to honor the canon as the larger context in which a passage should be read. I argue that when examined in light of relevant slavery texts across the Tanakh, Joseph's actions in Gen 47:13-26 are not culpable on the basis of his employment of debt slaver, but can be read as being out of step with the ideal that emerges concerning resource distribution. / Thesis / Master of Arts (MA)
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Muḥāwalāt tahwīd al-insān al-MiṣrīAbū Bakr, Midḥat. January 1987 (has links)
Thesis (master's)--Jāmiʻat Ḥulwān, Cairo. / Includes bibliographical references.
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Evaluating Morphometric Analysis of the Talus for Biological Sex Assessment in Ancient Maya and Egyptian Archaeological PopulationsMarks, Melissa N 01 January 2022 (has links)
When analyzing skeletal remains in bioarchaeology, the pelvis and skull provide the most accurate results for sex estimation; however, these are not always present or sufficiently preserved to provide quality data for this purpose. In addition, the amount of time spent analyzing human remains in field or museum collection contexts may be constrained. Therefore, alternate methods of sex estimation that also increase efficiency should be explored. This study aims to establish the minimum number of key measurements of the talus necessary to estimate biological sex with a level of accuracy comparable to published studies that are more time intensive in their data collection. Measures of talus width, length, height, and volume were collected on individuals from two ancient Egyptian (N=162) and three ancient Maya (N=98) archaeological populations. Set points and allocation ranges for these four measures were applied to individuals of known sex and indeterminate sex from these populations to test their accuracy and then compared with the accuracies achieved in existing research using the talus in sex estimation. The four measures used in this study resulted in comparably high accuracy in sex estimation when compared with prior research based on more extensive methods using the talus. The most significant limitation of this study was the small number of individuals available for data collection from three of the smaller site populations. Nevertheless, the method used in this study directly addresses logistical and ethical concerns surrounding the analysis of human remains as it requires less time spent handling the remains and less time spent on analysis out of the field while still providing comparable accuracy. This study also contributes population data for ancient Egyptians and ancient Maya which will facilitate further investigations of sexual dimorphism and sex estimation in these populations.
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Cross-cultural knowledge development : the case of collaboraitve planning in EgyptNoureddine Tag-Eldeen, Zeinab January 2012 (has links)
Planning has lent legitimacy to the development of society through the application of different theories and practices. With its embodied concepts and values, planning influences the direction of change that a society may achieve. Given the great role that planning plays in shaping societies over long periods of time, in situations where it is planning knowledge that is subject to travel between nations, consideration of the context specificity is particularity essential. This thesis deals with the complex process of transferring collaborative planning knowledge to a different institutional and cultural context. The research adopts a proactive approach, examining the practical and theoretical potential imbued in a new context. It is argued, in this work, that an exogenous planning model has to be re-contextualized and landed in a new context through its assimilation with that context’s history and cultural values. The research focuses on Egypt and is directed towards understanding the specificities of the Egyptian institutional context and the cultural values inherited from the history of Egyptian society. The author’s interest lies in addressing the ways in which such an understanding can contribute to the development of collaborative planning knowledge. The research strategy is designed with reference to the cross-cultural transfer of knowledge and the study utilises an action research approach through which the author plays the dual role of practitioner and action researcher. Implementing collaborative planning in the Egyptian urban context of the city of Zifta provided a valuable opportunity to understand how planning knowledge may be transferred between different cultural contexts. The intellectual foundations for the collaborative principle is scrutinised, and complemented by an examination of Egyptian social philosophy. A conceptual framework for the joint development of knowledge in cross-cultural planning research is put forward, which derives from a combination of the practical and theoretical investigations carried out. / <p>QC 20121003</p>
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Understanding the ancient Egyptians : an examination of living creature hieroglyphsRay, Corey Carpenter 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 1999. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this thesis an exploration is made into whether or not hieroglyphs reflect ideas of
the ancient Egyptians themselves. By examining "living creature" hieroglyphs one
may contemplate why the ancient Egyptian chose a particular manner of depiction.
The manner of depiction can then be examined insofar as what ideas they may
reflect. In this way study into other groups of signs such as those of the
environment may be used to further illuminate the lives and our understanding of
the ancient Egyptian(s).
This thesis begins with an examination of both the problem inherent in such
a task and an overview of some of the "processes" involved. By understanding that a
reconstructed reality, that of the hieroglyph, reflects both real and perceived
characteristics represented in glyphic form, one may seek out the mental
impressions considered relevant to the people themselves.
Next the role literacy played and still plays is discussed. This discussion
includes a brief historical overview of both the history of decipherment and the
"language" of the ancient Egyptians. The importance of "writing", artistic in nature
in Egypt in regards to hieroglyphs, is then discussed as it relates to its use as symbol.
Hieroglyphs are then discussed in their role as art, communication, and language
emphasizing the multitudinous role(s) which they served. The importance is thus
reiterated that hieroglyphs served as a communication of ideas to both the literate
and the "illiterate" in at least a menial manner.
After providing a "background" context of both the world and time of
hieroglyphs and their subsequent "understanding" and interpretation, there is an
analysis of the hieroglyphs for living creatures including the following Gardiner
groupings: (1) mammals, (2) birds, (3) amphibians and reptiles, (4) fish, (5)
invertebrates and lesser animals. The signs are examined in regards to their
function and variations followed by some observations and comments related to the
"structure" and perspective of the sign itself. Summary observations and comments
are then made about each group.
The thesis is then brought full circle by examining the implications of what
hieroglyphs can tell us about the ancient Egyptians, via the perceptive and
communicative role which they played. By understanding hieroglyphs as
"fingerprints" of/from the mind of the people and subsequently their culture, this
framework may provide a new mechanism into understanding the Egyptian via
their own visualization and perceptive nature. A case is then proposed that this new
"mechanism", if it is indeed considered feasible, can be applied to not only the physical world consisting of nature such as the environment, but also to groups
which depict manmade objects. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie tesis is die moontlikheid ondersoek dat hierogliewe iets van die
ideewereld van die antieke Egiptenare reflekteer. In die bestudering van "lewende
wese" hierogliewe kom vrae op soos waarom die antieke Egiptenare juis 'n spesifieke
vorm van voorsteIIing verkies het. Die vorm van voorsteIIing kan dan bestudeer
word vir die idees wat dit moontlik mag reflekteer. Ander groepe/velde van tekens,
soos die van die breër omgewing, kan gebruik word om verdere lig te werp op die
lewe van die antieke Egiptenaar(e) en ons verstaan daarvan.
Die tesis begin met 'n bestudering van die inherente probleme in die aanpak
van so 'n taak en 'n oorsig oor sommige van die "prosesse" daarby betrokke. By die
verstaan van die hieroglief as 'n gekonstrueerde realiteit, wat weklike sowel as
afgeleide eienskappe reflekteer, ontdek die ondersoeker daarvan iets van die
persoonlike/kulturele indrukke wat deur hierdie groep mense as relevant ervaar is.
In die volgende afdeling kom die rol van geletterdheid aan die beurt. Hierdie
bespreking sluit 'n bondige historiese oorsig oor die geskiedenis van ontsyfering
asook die taal van die Egiptenare in. Die belang van die "skryfkuns" en veral die
kunsaard daarvan in die Egiptiese hierogliewe word vervolgens bespreek. Dit is
veraI waar soos dit in verhouding staan met die gebruik daarvan as simbool. Die
veelsydige rol(le) en belang van hierogliewe in die kuns, kommunikasie en taal
word dan ondersoek en bespreek. Die klem word daarop gelê dat hierogliewe as die
kommunikasie van idees aan beide die geletterde en "ongeletterde" dien.
Nadat 'n agtergrondkonteks van die wereld en tyd van die hierogliewe en die
daaruitvloeiende "verstaan" en interpretasie daarvan gegee is, word 'n analise van
die "lewende wese" hierogliewe gedoen. Dit sluit die volgende groeperinge van
Gardiner in: (1) soogdiere, (2) voels, (3) amfibiee en reptiele, (4) visse, (5)
invertebrata en kleiner diere. Hierdie hierogliewe word ondersoek in terme van
hulle funksie en variasies, gevolg deur waarnemings en opmerkings aangaande die
"struktuur" en die perspektief van die teken. Opsommende observasies en enkele
opmerkings oor elke groep volg daarna.
Die tesis word afgerond met 'n ondersoek na die implikasies van wat ons kan
wys word uit die hierogliewe aangaande die antieke Egiptenare, via die
perspektiwiese en kommunikatiewe rol wat dit vervuI. Deur hierogliewe te verstaan
as die "vingerafdrukke" van die begrip van hierdie mense kan hierdie raamwerk 'n
nuwe meganisme in die verstaan van die Egiptenaar via die visualisasie en
waarneembare aard daarvan, vorm. 'n Voorstel word gemaak dat hierdie nuwe
"meganisme", indien dit uitvoerbaar is, toegepas kan word, nie net op die hierogliewe van die fisiese wereld bestaande uit die natuur en die omgewing nie,
maar ook op hierogliewe wat mensgemaakte voorwerpe voorstel.
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Melchizedek, the Man and the TraditionMadsen, Ann Nicholls 01 April 1975 (has links) (PDF)
The common elements which emerge from this study are: Melchizedek was a priest-king, ruling a small city-state and presiding over the cult. He lived among a people far advanced from the primitive. There is no consensus among scholars concerning the meaning of his name but "Sedeq (a name for God) is my King" is a possible translation. Melchizedek's city-state was named Salem and of the four plausible geographical locations postulated, the Salem-Shechem theory leaves fewer problems. Abraham and Melchizedek worshiped the same God who was known by several names, among which were 'El 'elyon, God Most High and Yahweh. All of these names point to a superlative god above all others. Jewish traditions identify Melchizedek with Shem and Salem with Jerusalem. They also subordinate Melchizedek to Abraham and see the priesthood lost by Melchizedek and passing to Abraham. The Christians claimed Melchizedek as the type for Christ and his priesthood, and thus forged their own link to antiquity. Joseph Smith's teachings parallel the early Christian traditions of Melchizedek as a type of Christ and other traditions on priestly kingship and ritual. He also defines orders in the priesthood.
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Le processus de transformation intérieure inscrit dans les grandes mythologies : illustration par la psychothérapie du jeu de sable / Process of inner transformation in the context of the great myth : illustration by sandplay therapyLadyguina, Anna 10 September 2012 (has links)
But : comparer le processus de transformation intérieure au cours de la psychothérapie par le Jeu de Sable avec la transformation du néophyte au cours des rites d’initiation chez les Chamans, dans l’Alchimie et dans les cultes à mystères en Egypte et en Grèce. Méthodologie : Analyse de 856 photos des jeux de sable construits par 28 enfants de 4 à 12 ans. Conclusion : Il existe une similitude entre le processus de transformation vécu en psychothérapie et la première des trois étapes de l'initiation vécue par le néophyte. On retrouve dans les jeux de sable des scénarios archétypiques qui peuvent être classés dans des catégories spécifiques associées aux différentes étapes de la transformation intérieure décrites dans les mythes initiatiques. / Aim : comparison between the stages of inner transformation in Sandplay therapy with children and the stages of initiation in the Mystery cults of the ancient Egyptians and Greeks, in Alchemy and in Shamanism. Sample : 28 children from 4 to 12 years old. Instrument of analysis : 856 photos made during the therapy. Results : We report on a similarity between the process of transformation in Sandplay therapy and the first stage of initiation in the different cultures. We found out that in Sandplay therapy the archetypes appeared according to the own internal logic of the transformation process described in the great myths. The archetypes can be classified in categories, which are specific to different stages of the inner transformation.
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Ethnienbildung von Muslimen als Abwehr von AntiziganismusLichnofsky, Claudia 15 January 2015 (has links)
Sowohl Ägypter als auch Ashkali sind heute in der Verfassung der Republik Kosovo festgeschriebene communities mit Minderheitenrechten. Ihre Angehörige sind mehrheitlich muslimisch. Ashkali und Ägypter sind albanischsprachig während Roma meist einen der drei im Kosovo vorkommenden Dialekte des Romanes sprechen. In dieser Arbeit wurde untersucht, wie und vor welchem Hintergrund neue ethnische Identifizierungen in Konfliktgesellschaften entstehen, welche historischen und politischen Rahmenbedingungen dafür gegeben sein müssen, damit sie sich erfolgreich etablieren und was der jeweilige Vorteil für eine Identifizierung mit der einen oder der anderen Gruppe ist. Historisch-kritisch untersucht wurden schriftliche Ego-Dokumente von Ägyptern und Ashkali (Webseiten, Offene Briefe, Artikel und Monographien) sowie problemzentrierte Interviews, Statistiken, Menschenrechtsberichten und Artikel aus serbischen und kosovarischen Zeitungen. Der Zusammenhang von Antiziganismus und dem Wunsch nach Schaffung einer neuen nationalen Kategorie wurde dabei in der historischen Perspektive deutlich: in den 1960er/70er Jahren grenzten sich jugoslawische Roma von den negativen Stereotypen und ihrer Bezeichnung als „Zigeuner“ ab, promoteten die Bezeichnung ''Roma'' und vernetzten sich mit Roma anderer europäischer Ländern. Ab Ende der 1980er Jahre versuchten in Südwest-Mazedonien einige Menschen sich zu organisieren und ihr Image als „Zigeuner“ zu verlieren, ohne gleichzeitig den Albanern zugerechnet zu werden, die sich von Jugoslawien separieren wollten. Sie organisierten sich über die Republik Mazedonien und auch Jugoslawien hinaus und schafften es, in Serbien und Mazedonien als positive Alternative zur albanischen Minderheit anerkannt zu werden und ihre eigene Kategorie in der Volkszählung zu erhalten. Die Ashkali entstanden 1999 als Ausweg aus der Nachkriegs-Gewalt im Kosovo. / Both Egyptians and Ashkali are formally defined as communities with minority rights in the current constitution of the Republic of Kosovo. Their members are overwhelmingly Muslim. Ashkali and Egyptians are Albanian-speaking whereas Roma tend to speak one of the three Romany dialects spoken in Kosovo. This work examined how new ethnic identifications originate in societies in conflict and the causes behind this development; the historical and political conditions that must be in place to enable these new identities to become successfully established and what the respective benefits are behind identifying with one group over another. Written autobiographical documents from Egyptians and Ashkali (web sites, open letters, articles and monographs) as well as problem-centred interviews, statistics, human rights reports and articles from Serbian and Kosovan newspapers were critically examined from a historical standpoint. The relationship between antiziganism and the desire to establish a new national ethnic grouping is evident when viewed from a historical perspective: in the 1960s and 70s the Yugoslav Roma distanced themselves from the negative stereotypes associated with the name “Zigeuner” (gypsy), promoted the name Roma and built links with Roma from other European countries. At the end of the 1980s groups in south-west Macedonia joined together to shed their “Zigeuner” (gypsy) image, creating a group distinct from the Albanians who in turn were trying to separate themselves from Yugoslavia. The groups became more organised, extending beyond the Republic of Macedonia and Yugoslavia and they succeeded in being recognised as a positive alternative to the Albanian minority in Serbia and Macedonia where they were included in the census as a separate ethnic category. The Ashkali identity was created in 1999 in response to the post-war violence in Kosovo.
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Cizí vlivy v náboženství starověké Sýrie / Foreign Influences in Religion of Ancient SyriaVálek, František January 2019 (has links)
This thesis aims to map non-Semitic influences in the religion and culture of the Late Bronze Age Syria. During the Late Bronze Age, Syria was divided into many local kingdoms which were most of the time subdued to the great empires of the ancient Near East (Mitanni and Ḫatti) and Egypt. Influences from these cultural areas are the most noticeable. Trade across the Mediterranean brought many cultural influences, too. These are mostly observable in art. The thesis is centred around case studies from Ugarit, Amurru, Byblos, Karkemiš, Alalaḫ, Ḫalāb, Emar, Tunip and Qaṭna. Each case study shows peculiarities of individual sites and different modes of cultural transfer. The data are set into a broader anthropological perspective and some general conclusions are made about the process of culture transfer and about conceptions of foreignnessin theculturesof theancientNearEastand Egypt.Abroadertheoryof cultureasa system of concepts is outlined and the material is interpreted in its light. Key words Foreigners, foreignness, culture transfer, religion, Late Bronze Age, ancient Syria, ancient Near East, Egypt, Ḫatti, Mitanni, Hittites, Hurrians, Egyptians, Ugarit, Amurru, Byblos, Karkemiš, Alalaḫ, Ḫalāb, Emar, Tunip, Qaṭna.
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The battle of Kadesh : its causes and consequencesWitham, Dorothy Natalie 08 1900 (has links)
The Battle of Kadesh fought between the Hittites and Egyptians in Syria is one of the biggest chariot battles in ancient Near Eastern history. Previous research has shown that the significance of the Battle of Kadesh is derived predominately from a tactical and strategic level. This dissertation introduces the idea that although this is a tactical battle, its overall importance comes from applying a holistic approach, in particular, investigating the causes and consequences, alongside the battle. By extending prior work on tactics and strategy to include an identified cause, the Zannanza Affair, and the consequences, the Treaty of Kadesh and the Royal Marriages it makes allowances for a wider evaluation of the battle. Attention is paid to textual, iconographical and archaeological sources to gain a better understanding of the battle.
The findings provide support for the argument that the murder of the Hittite prince in the Zannanza Affair led to crucial military innovations and operational changes adopted by the Hittites and Egyptians, which impacted how they fought on the battlefield. While a considerable amount of research has been done on the Hittite and Egyptian military organisations, the role of the elite units on the battlefield has largely not been explored. The Treaty of Kadesh and the Royal Marriages were a critical turning point in Hittite-Egyptian relations offering a strong alliance and unprecedented peace in the ancient Near East. Traditionally, the Battle of Kadesh has been viewed as a tactical battle. However, for further advances, the contribution of this study prompts a rethinking of the latter by placing the operational details of the battle in a broader context encouraging new research on the social, cultural and political aspects, which is crucial for the understanding of the importance of the Battle of Kadesh, on and off the battlefield. / Biblical and Ancient Studies / M. A. (Ancient Near Eastern Studies)
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