HOUSE ARREST, ITS EXECUTION AND CONROL The thesis gives a comprehensive overview of the institute of home detention as a new sanction incorporated into the penal system with effect from 1 January 2010. It considers certain theoretical issues regarding alternative punishments, investigates the phenomenon of alternative punishments and places home detention in its context. It aims to clarify the function of home detention as an alternative punishment, to analyse its legal status, to asses critically its practical application and to put forward some ways of addressing the problematic aspects de lege ferenda. The thesis also explains the specifics of the imposition of this sanction on young offenders. The author analyses the role of the Probation and Mediation Service in relation to home detention and cites examples of foreign experiences with this punishment from the Netherlands, Slovakia, and the United Kingdom, which constitute a source of inspiration. Special attention is paid to very topical questions regarding electronic monitoring during home detention, the introduction of electronic monitoring in the Czech Republic, its setbacks and current developments. The thesis answers the question whether the imposition of home detention is likely to reduce the numbers of people in prisons. In...

House arrest punishment, its enforcement and control The submitted diplom thesis aimed to analyze the legal regulation of house arrest within the Czech legal system, as an alternative punishment. This diplom thesis contains a total of seven consecutive chapters, the first contains the definition of basic criminal law concepts that are needed to understand the issue, especially the concept of punishment, the concept of alternative measures and the system of punishments and alternative measures and principles of sentencing. Another term, which is defined in this chapter, is the concept of restorative justice, which is then widely worked on in other parts of the thesis. In the second chapter, the diploma thesis deals specifically with the sentence of house arrest, when this topic opens the issue of the crisis of unconditional imprisonment, which is of great importance for the future application of alternative measures. The next step in the second chapter is to describe the history of house arrest, both abroad and specifically in the Czech Republic. The following is a definition of the essence of the house arrest sentence itself and the legal conditions for imposing a house arrest sentence. A related topic is the execution of house arrest, for which a separate chapter has been set. In the chapter,...

The Master’s thesis deals with logistics and resources monitoring area, which is inseparable part of every production oriented economic activity. It uses electronic monitoring systems for more effective dealing with stock records in a production company that has many stores. The monitoring utilizes modern technologies, that are burgeoning and finding its use in all branches of market.

Electronic control system as an alternative to custody Abstract In the framework of the criminal justice process, the scope of using technical means through electronic monitoring is worldwide very extended indeed, being applicated in all stages of criminal proceedings. Although the most frequent manner while analysing the electronic control is the house arrest or release from imprisonment by conditional parole, electronic monitoring system finds its purpose also in pre-trial detention. Arrest is intended to be an exceptional institute of criminal proceedings, only to be used as necessary and proportionate measure and in compliance with the presumption of innocence and the constitutional right to personal freedom. In accordance with this concept, it is necessary to consider all time in the duration of custody whether the reasons for pre-trial detention still last and whether it would not rather be replaced by some alternative. The first electronic monitoring permanent program was launched in Czech republic in September 2018, so we have only a few experiences in this field so far. The aim of this paper is to identify some best practices to enhance the effectiveness of electronic monitoring as an alternative to custody in the Czech legal order and also to propose an amendments to the legislation of this...

House arrest, its execution and control Abstract By reading this thesis, the reader will acquaint himself with the punishment of house arrest its execution and control and other connected legal concepts. The goal of this thesis is to summarize legislation pertaining to the above mentioned subject matter, to point out its faults and to propose improvements of the current legislation. The first part of this thesis refers to punishment in general. It investigates its core concepts and answers the question on how punishments differ from other legal sanctions. The first part also deals with the purpose of punishment and the system of punishment in framework of Czech criminal law. Alternative punishments, their principles and advantages are subject of the second part of this thesis. Furthermore, here I explore the concept of restorative justice, its principles and how restorative justice relates to alternative punishments. The punishment of house arrest itself is subject of part three of this thesis. Aside from history and current legislation, this part also deals with connected legal concepts which can be characterized as house arrest but are not punishments in legal sense. Moreover, third part is also where I examine various kinds of conversions associated with house arrest. The fourth part of this thesis zooms...

An algorithm is presented to count bee numbers in images of Langsthroth hive entrances. The algorithm computes approximate bee counts by adjusting the brightness of the image, cropping a white or green area in the image, removing the background and noise from the cropped area, finding the total number of bee pixels, and dividing that number by the average number of pixels in a single bee. On 1005 images with green landing pads, the algorithm achieved an accuracy of 80 percent when compared to the human bee counting. On 776 images with white landing pads, the algorithm achieved an accuracy of 85% compared to the human bee counting.

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Over the past few decades, new philosophies and technologies have impacted parole around the world. Most notably, predicting recidivism through risk assessments has altered the way in which clients are perceived, while electronic monitoring technology has granted the possibility of constant supervision. Due to these recent changes, there are concerns that countries with traditionally rehabilitative parole systems will become more punitive and supervisory. A thematic and metasynthetic review of two countries with rehabilitative parole systems, Sweden and Canada, revealed that risk and electronic monitoring have been integrated to serve balanced agendas that both care for and control clients.

In recent years, harsher sentences have been pursued in criminal offenses leading to an increase in the use of incarceration. Prisons, largely unable to keep up with this demand, have become overcrowded in most areas. In response to prison overcrowding, some jurisdictions have begun to experiment with electronically monitored house arrest. This thesis is composed of a literature review and proposed study of recidivism in electronic monitoring (EM) programs. The literature review is composed of a general review of the history of corrections, a review of literature on electronic monitoring programs and social bond theory. The history of corrections serves to partially explain the emergence of electronic monitoring programs as an outcome of the adoption and failure of other forms of intermediate sanctions. The present state of electronic monitoring, including a description of the technology incorporated in these programs, the extent to which EM programs are implemented, and their cost effectiveness are discussed. In addition, some legal implications of its use are discussed. A review of previous research indicates numerous gaps in the existing evaluation of electronic monitoring programs. Because of these gaps many research questions are not sufficiently answered by the literature review. The rate of recidivism for EM programs compared to that of other correctional programs remains unclear. The underlying factors that affect the recidivism rate for EM programs also remains unclear. In addition, the effects on the offender, the offender’s family, peer group, and employment are not identified. The two reasons responsible for the inability of previous studies to adequately assess the rate of recidivism for EM programs compared to standard probation of parole and the underlying factors predicting recidivism are the exclusion of variables pertaining to the effects of electronic monitoring on the offender as well as the lack of theory needed to understand the relationships of recidivism, and type or correctional program. Literature on social bond theory is reviewed in order to provide theory to the examination of recidivism in electronic monitoring programs. Beginning with an explanation of Hirschi’s original work (1969), the review extends to empirical literature on the social bond. Finding this literature to be strongly supportive of social bond theory, it is adopted as a structure to examine recidivism. Primarily used in the study of delinquency, social bond theory is adapted to apply to the study of adult populations and recidivism, and the possible effects of EM on the social bond is discussed. A proposed research study is then presented examining the effects of EM on social bond factors and subsequently recidivism. The relevance of control variables, including length of sentence, type of offense, and prior convictions are discussed as well as the measurement of variables related to social bond theory. A structural equation model is developed that incorporates the control variables, bond variables, program variables, and recidivism, allowing for a simultaneous estimation of their relationships, using LISREL 8. It is hypothesized that EM programs, more than standard probation and parole positively affect the social bond of an offender to his or her family, peer group, and employment. In addition, it is believed that a stronger social bond to the institutions of family, peer group, and employment results in a lower incidence of recidivism. / Master of Science

The purpose of this thesis is to analyse the legal issues of the sentence of house arrest. The author deals with the importance of house arrest for restorative justice, the role of this sentence among alternative sanctions to imprisonment and the legislation in the Czech Republic in her thesis. She also focuses on the history of house arrest, experience from abroad and the advantages and disadvantages of this punishment. Part of the work is devoted to the Probation and Mediation Service and Electronic monitoring.